Download Biology B CECA

Biology B CECA
1. What is the term for a feature or behavior that allows an organism to survive better in its environment?
(Adaptation)
2. Who was the Author of the book “Origin of Species”, and is considered to be the father of Evolutionary
biology. (Charles Darwin)
3. Which reptilian traits or structures have monotremes (egg laying mammals) retained? (Cloaca and
egg-laying)
Cloaca- is a common pathway for Urine, fecal matter and reproductive fluids.
4. All mammals share the following characteristics:
*Endothermic
*Have hair
*Produce Milk
5. Compared to an endothermic, an ectothermic animal must either
*seek out shade or water when hot or *seek out sunlight when cold
6. Amniote animals, whose embryos develop in a fluid-filled sac, include the following;
*Reptiles
*Birds
*Mammals
7. What is the membranous organ that develops in female mammals during pregnancy? (Placenta)
8. The first recognizable vertebrates were Fish.
9. Sharks have skeletons made of Cartilage.
10. The animals that were the first to develop four limbs were amphibians.
11. During the process of incomplete metamorphosis, a young insect looks like a miniature adult.
12. The entire surface of an arthropod's body is covered by a protective exoskeleton.
13. How many distinct body sections do crustaceans have? (Two)
14. An organism that carries a disease from one host to another is known as a Vector.
15. An animal that has eight legs, fanglike pincers, and the ability to produce silk is a (n) arachnid.
16. What material makes the exoskeleton of most arthropods very hard? (Chitin)
17. What is the term for the fan-shaped array of bones in fish such as goldfish and tuna? (Ray-Fin)
18. Gills are large sheets of thin tissue that take in dissolved oxygen.
19. Insects, bats, and birds are the only living groups of animals that have evolved True Flight.
20. Which animals is a vertebrate? (They have a backbone, like lizards, mammals, birds, etc.)
21. The blade of a leaf is connected to the stem by a thin stalk called a petiole.
22. The upper surfaces of leaves are used mainly for light gathering.
23. Seedless plants disperse to new areas using spores.
24. Heterotrophs must eat other organisms because they cannot make their own food.
25. A root growing downward and a shoot growing upward are both examples of gravitropism.
Remember tropism is a plants response to stimuli in this case gravity.
26. Xylem and phloem are part of the vascular tissue in a plant?
27. Plant growers create new plants from parts of a parent plant using the process of vegetable propagation.
28. During dormancy, what plant stage is protected from extreme conditions by the seed coat? (The embryo)
29. In the pressure-flow model, sugar is pumped into the phloem, and water flows into the phloem through
osmosis.
30. Roots absorb water partly through tiny extensions of dermal cells called root cells.
31. Colorful fragrant flowers are most likely pollinated by animals.
32. The function of the vascular tissue is to transport water and nutrients to all parts of the plant.
33. How many seed leaves do dicots have? (2)
34. The study of plants is called Botany.
35. Trees and most other woody plants are perennials.
36. Fleshy fruits often play a role in seed dispersal when they are eaten and discarded by animals.
37. Seed plants whose seeds are not enclosed in fruit are gymnosperms.
38. What is the term for a feature or behavior that allows an organism to survive better in its environment?
(Adaptation)
39. All the individuals of a species that live in a particular area are called a population.
40. The combined alleles of all the individuals in a population are called the Gene Pool.
41. Most plants and some algae green because they contain chlorophyll.
42. The process in which yeast reproduce by forming a daughter cell that is genetically identical but initially
smaller in size is called budding.
43. Yeast that makes bread rise is a type of single-celled sac fungus.
44. Pollination occurs when pollen meets the female reproductive parts of the same plant.
45. Antibiotics are used to fight bacterial infections.
46. Most Prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission.
47. The term protozoa are generally used to describe animal-like protists.
48. Fungal cell walls are made of chitin.
49. In a lysogenic infection, once the DNA of the virus is incorporated into the bacterial DNA, the DNA is called
a prophage.
50. A viral capsid is composed of proteins.
51. Prions are infectious particles composed of protein.
52. The genetic material of a virus consists of RNA or DNA but not both.
53. There are three domains are there in the most current tree of life? Archae, Bacteria, and Eukayria.
54. There are six kingdoms in the most current tree of life? (Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista, Archae, and
Bacteria.)
55. The name Canis lupis is an example of binomial nomenclature.
56. Which of the following types of evidence is considered the most accurate in classifying organisms, according
to the majority of scientists? (Molecular)
57. In the Linnaean system of classification, a species is most commonly defined as a group of organisms that can
breed and produce offspring.
58. Communities on a mountain differ depending on the elevation.
59. Organisms are named and classified based on physical characteristics in Linnaean taxonomy.
60. Pioneer species are the first organisms to live in previously uninhabited areas.
61. Fossil evidence suggests Homo sapiens first appeared about 200,000 years ago.
62. The remnant of an organ that had a function in an early ancestor is known as a vestigial structure.
63. Reproductive isolation occurs when members of different populations can no longer mate successfully.
64. The smallest unit of geologic time is an epoch.
65. The following lists Linnaean taxa in the correct order from general to specific?
Phylum, order, family, genus
66. What do scientists estimate as the age of Earth in years? (4.6 billion)
67. When a few individuals start a new colony it most likely results in genetic drift through the founder effect.
68. The evolution of sexual reproduction resulted in increased genetic variation.
69. If the actual allele frequencies in a population do not match genotype frequencies predicted by the
Hardy-Weinberg equation, the population is evolving.
70. Scientists hypothesize that cyanobacteria changed the early Earth by adding oxygen to the atmosphere.
71. Which unit of geologic time followed the mass extinction of dinosaurs? (Cenozoic era)
72. Which process is part of the hydrologic cycle? (Evaporation)
73. Bacteria are the most abundant group of organisms on Earth.
74. A tropical zone is an area surrounding the equator.
75. The atmosphere is a layer of air surrounding Earth.
76. An example of parasitism is a leech feeds on a host's blood.
77. Zooplankton is tiny free-floating animals that live in water.
78. Tropical rain foreststs are the biomes with the highest biodiversity.
79. Nesting birds often space themselves evenly from other nests. This pattern is called uniform dispersion.
80. A region's climate, unlike its weather, is based on a long-term pattern.
81. The first land organisms emerged during the Paleozoic era.
82. An organism that has an unusually large effect on an ecosystem is called a keystone species.
83. The fossil record identifies the hominid with the largest brain was Homo neanderthalensis.
84. Renewable resources are resources that can replenish themselves over time.
85. Almost all autotrophs get their energy from sunlight.
86. Organisms that feed on dead or decaying matter are called detritivores.
87. Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce more offspring.
88. Immigration and births will increase the size of a population.
89. Which scientist developed a classification system for organisms? (Carolus Linnaeus)
90. Artificial selection is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits. (Dogs)
91. Deciduous trees are a type of tree that drops its leaves during the cold season.
92. A good index fossil is very common, easy to identify, existed for a brief time, and was widespread. Index
fossils are fossilized remains that are known to have lived in at a certain time and can tell us the age of the
rock layer they are found in.
93. Primates are a group of animals that include modern humans.
94. Mutations and Recombination are the two main sources of genetic variation.
95. The canopy is the term for uppermost layer of branches in rain forest trees.
96. Stabilizing selection is type of selection that occurs when individuals in a population with the intermediate
phenotype are selected for.
97. Coevolution is a process in which species evolve in response to changes in each other.
98. Mesozoic era is also known as the Age of Reptiles.
99. A population is a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area.
100. Temporal isolation occurs when the timing of reproduction is different between two populations?
101. Divergent evolution occurs when two species that are closely related become increasingly different.