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Humanism Theory This theory developed out of the patient relationship idea of therapy. Humanists believe that clients should be very involved in his or her own recovery, rather than relying on the therapist’s interpretation of the issues. This approach empowered the client. Research methods are more qualitative than quantitative such as diaries, journals and interviews. Humanist Psychologists 1. Abraham Maslow He created “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs”. This pyramid was structured so that a person must fulfill their basic needs before higher-order needs become important. Each need must be met before moving onto the next need. The hierarchy of needs are as follows (with basic needs being at the bottom of the pyramid) Physiological Needs (food, water, shelter, clothing) Safety Needs (security, safety) Belongingness and love needs (intimate relationships, friends, sense of connection) Esteem Needs (confidence, feeling of accomplishment, respect of others) Self- Actualization- Achieiving ones full potential and purpose) 2. Victor Frankl Frankls’ theory grew out of his experience in Nazi camps. He determined that basic needs were met in Auschwitz but some survived and others didn’t. He found the survivors’ had “something to hold onto, whether it was hope or wanting to return to their former lives. Even great faith mad some people surivive. Frankl developed logotherapy. A form of psychotherapy that tries to help the patient find the aim and meaning of life as a human, without accessing the medical aspect of mental health. He believed that people who can’t find meanings in their lives will feel empty and possible lead to feelings of depression.. He believed people had free will and they can choose how to respond to situations and thus have power to shape your life. 3. Carl Rogers He developed Client centered therapy that focuses on the present and future rather than the past. This therapy provides a comfortable environment where people are allowed to explore their attitudes and emotions on an issue, which will lead to them discovering the underlying emotions and motivations for those attitudes. The therapist guides the client but doesn’t interpret for the client. This approach has become the basis for modern day psychology.