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Name: _____________________________ Date: ______________________________ Compare the voltage drop across resistors connected in series in a circuit. 1 Know 2 Apply Ideas K1 K2 We can model voltage as an electrical push from the battery, or the amount of energy per unit of charge transferred through the electrical pathway. In a series circuit, voltage is shared between each component. In a parallel circuit, voltage is the same across each loop. Components with resistance reduce the current flowing and shift energy to the surroundings. A1 A2 A3 A4 Skill K3 Calculate resistance using the formula: Resistance (Ω) = potential difference (V) ÷ current (A). A5 Key words K4 K5 K6 K7 Potential difference (voltage): The amount of energy shifted from the battery to the moving charge, or from the charge to circuit components, in volts (V). Resistance: A property of a component, making it difficult for charge to pass through, in ohms (Ω). Electrical conductor: A material that allows current to flow through it easily, and has a low resistance. Electrical insulator: A material that does not allow current to flow easily, and has a high resistance. Final September 2016 A6 Draw a circuit diagram to show how voltage can be measured in a simple circuit. Use the idea of energy to explain how voltage and resistance affect the way components work. Given a table of voltage against current. Use the ratio of voltage to current to determine the resistance. Use an analogy like water in pipes to explain why part of a circuit has higher resistance. 3 E1 Extend Predict the effect of changing the rating of a battery or a bulb on other components in a series or parallel circuit. E2 Justify the sizes of voltages in a circuit, using arguments based on energy. E3 Draw conclusions about safety risks, from data on voltage, resistance and current. E4 E5 Final September 2016