Download 2d shape 3d shape Angles - St Andrew`s CofE Primary School (Eccles)

St Andrew’s Geometry Policy 2014
For more information - http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry
Properties
2d shape
3d shape
Begin recognition in EYFS
shape,
flat,
curved,
straight,
round,
hollow,
solid,
vertexvertices
(not
corner),
side, end,
bigger,
larger,
smaller,
size
Recognise and name common 2d shapes
(these should be as flat as possible, children
will also need to experience many irregular
shapes)
Rectangle (including square), circle and
triangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon
Level 1 (secure use of language)
Recognise and name common 3d shapes.
Polygons are any 2d shape which have at
least 3 straight sides and three angles. They
can be regular and irregular.
Most are irregular.
Describe movement
Cuboid (including cube), pyramid, sphere,
cone, cylinder
Whole, half, quarter, and three quarter
turns
Different orientations – count faces
(curved/flat) and vertices
Different orientations – count sides
(straight/ curved) to identify name.
Triangles always have 3 sides
Rectangles and squares always have 4 sides
Angles
Cuboids are 3d shapes with rectangular
faces.
Pyramids are solid shapes which have a
polygon as one face, other faces meet at one
opposite apex.
They can be regular and irregular.
St Andrew’s Geometry Policy 2014
Properties
2d shape
3d shape
Angles
Level 2
For children to
be using
independently
(as previous)
As Level 1 and:
Identify and describe the properties of 2d
shapes, including the number of sides (equal
sides) and line symmetry in a vertical line.
Surface,
Sort shapes in Venn diagrams
line of
symmetry,
symmetrical,
mirror line,
reflection,
base,
squarebased,
Vocab: two dimensional (2d – length width
or breadth), circular, triangular, rectangular,
quadrilateral, polygon.
A quadrilateral is a polygon with 4 straight
sides and 4 angles (vertices).
Most are irregular – identify by counting
sides.
As Level 1 and:
Identify 2d shapes on the surface of 3d
shapes (circle on a cylinder, triangle on a
pyramid)
Identify and describe the properties of 3d
shapes including the number of faces, edges
and vertices.
Sort shapes in Venn diagrams
As Level 1 and:
Use mathematical vocabulary to describe
movement, including rotation as a turn.
Understand the link between rotation and
turns in terms of right-angles for quarter,
half and three quarter turns (clockwise and
anti-clock wise) straight line.
A half turn makes a straight line.
Vocab: three dimensional (3d – length,
width or breadth and height), prism
A prism has flat sides and has the same
cross section along its length.
The cross-section will always be a polygon.
There are no curved faces in a prism.
A prism is named after its base (triangular
based prism)
A cuboid/cube is also a prism.
St Andrew’s Geometry Policy 2014
Properties
2d shape
3d shape
Angles
Level 3 (low)
For children to
be using
independently
As Level 2 and:
Draw 2d shapes and describe them.
(as previous)
Identify horizontal and vertical lines and
pairs of perpendicular (at right angles)
and parallel lines/sides (equal distance
apart).
Right-angled,
regular,
irregular,
parallel,
perpendicular
As Level 2 and:
Make 3d shapes using ‘clixi’ plastic
polygons.
Recognise 3d shapes in different
orientations and describe them.
faces, edges and vertices.
Recognise angles as a property of shape or
description of a turn.
Identify right-angles, recognise that two
right angles make a half turn, three makes
three quarters of a turn and four a complete
turn.
Identify whether angles are greater than or
less than a right angle.
Vocab: semi-circle, pentagonal,
hexagonal, octagonal, parallelogram,
rhombus, trapezium.
Parallelograms are special types of
quadrilaterals.
A rhombus is also a parallelogram.
A square is a quadrilateral, a
parallelogram, a rectangle and a
rhombus.
Many shapes have several names
according to their properties (see
properties sheet)
Vocab: hemisphere (half a sphere),
Spheres and hemispheres are ‘nonpolyhedron’ (not all faces are polygons).
St Andrew’s Geometry Policy 2014
Properties
2d shape
3d shape
Angles
Level 3 (secure)
For children
to be using
independently
Line, net,
angle,
concave,
convex,
open,
closed, line
symmetry
Use Venn
and Caroll
diagrams
for sorting
Compare and classify 2d geometric shapes,
including quadrilaterals and triangles,
based on their properties (sides and angles)
and sizes.
Vocab: equilateral,
isosceles, scalene triangles,
heptagon, kite
Identify lines of symmetry in
2d shapes presented in different
orientations.
Complete a simple symmetric figure with
respect to a specific line of symmetry.
Compare and classify 3d geometric shapes,
based on their properties (faces, edges and
vertices) and sizes.
Identify acute and obtuse angles and compare
and order angles up to 2 right angles by size.
(use set squares, known right angles to
compare)
Introduce ‘nets’. Investigate nets of boxes.
Know the sum of the angles of a triangle are
180°
Introduce perpendicular and parallel
faces.
A triangular pyramid is also
a tetrahedron (4 faces)
Look at angles in different orientations.
Vocab: degree, acute, obtuse, ruler, set
squares, angle measurer (protractor)
Continue to identify horizontal and vertical
lines and pairs of perpendicular (at right
angles) and parallel
lines/sides.
Vocab: polyhedron (pl - polyhedra)
spherical, cylindrical, tetrahedron,
Polyhedron (many faces) are 3d shapes
with polygons as faces. They are named
after the number of faces.
These are all pairs of parallel lines
St Andrew’s Geometry Policy 2014
Properties
2d shape
3d shape
Angles
Level 4
For children
to be using
independently
Congruent
(same
shape and
size) ,
similar
(same
shape, not
size),
axis of
symmetry,
reflective
symmetry,
diagonals
(intersect/
bisect)
No new 2d shapes.
Distinguish between regular and irregular
polygons based on reasoning about equal
sides and angles.
Recognise the properties of an octahedron
(pl - octahedra)-8 faces, dodecahedron, 12
faces.
Use the properties of rectangles to deduce
related facts and find missing lengths and
angles.
Know angles are measured in degrees:
estimate and compare acute, obtuse and
reflex angles.
Use a protractor to draw given angles, and
measure them in degrees.
Investigate the diagonals of quadrilaterals
(intersect, bisect)
Identify 3d shapes, including cubes and
other cuboids from 2d representations
Continue to visualise nets.
Identify:
- angles at a point and one whole turn (360°)
- angles at a point on a straight line and ½ a
turn (total 180°)
- other multiples of 90°
St Andrew’s Geometry Policy 2014
Properties
2d shape
3d shape
Angles
Level 5
For children to
be using
independently
Introduce circles.
Compare and classify 2d shapes based on
their properties (sides/ angles/ diagonals)
Circumference
and sizes.
(distance
around edge
of circle),
radius
(distance from
side to centre
of circle),
diameter
(distance from
side to
opposite side
through
centre) ,
concentric
(equal
distance from
centre)
arc,
intersecting
(diagonals
crossing),
bisect (cut in
half)
intersection
(where they
cross)
plane (2d)
Draw 2d shapes using given dimensions
and angles.
Illustrate and name parts of circles,
including: radius, diameter, and
circumference and know that the
diameter is twice the radius.
Recognise, describe and build simple 3d
shapes, including making nets.
Recognise where angles meet at a point, are
on a straight line, or are vertically opposite,
and find missing angles.
Find unknown angles in any triangles,
quadrilaterals and regular polygons.