Download The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System
Functions of the respiratory system:
-Brings oxygen into the body
and into the bloodstream
-Removes carbon dioxide and
water from the bloodstream
and out of the body
HINT:
O2-needed for cellular respiration
CO2/H2O-waste from cellular respiration
The main function of the
respiratory system is therefore:
GAS EXCHANGE!!!
(for and from cellular respiration!)
The Respiratory System
Where does the waste Carbon Dioxide
and Water come from?
-Your body uses oxygen and digested food
(glucose) during cellular respiration and
converts it to cell energy (ATP). Waste
products of cellular respiration include carbon
dioxide, which is a poison to your body,
and excess water. You must get rid
of it! – this is the job of your respiratory
system
Organs of the Respiratory System
Mouth
Nasal passage
Trachea
Bronchi
Lung
Bronchioles
Alveoli (air sacs at
end of bronchioles)
Diaphragm
The Respiratory System
THE NOSE
- Air is inhaled and exhaled through nostrils
- Has hair (cilia) and mucus to filter out
dirt/dust and warms and moistens the air
- When you swallow the mucus, it goes into your
stomach (digestive system) where you can digest
and break down the dirt/dust/bacteria
The Respiratory System
THE PHARYNX
- AKA the throat
- Shared with food passage
- Epiglottis – flap; covers
the top of the larynx and
trachea, prevents food from
entering trachea when you
swallow
(food goes to
esophagus/air goes to
trachea)
The Respiratory
System
THE LARYNX
AKA the voice box
Contains the vocal cords
that vibrate when air passes
along them to allow for
sound. When the vibrations
are modified by the tongue,
palate, and lips, speech can
be accomplished.
Made primarily of muscles
and cartilage
Side View of
Upper Respiratory
System
The Respiratory System
THE TRACHEA
- AKA the windpipe
- Tube with cartilage rings- prevent the tube
from collapsing (so it’s always open to
breathe)
- Has cilia and mucus, which sweep
dirt/dust/bacteria UP to the pharynx so
they can be swallowed into the
stomach
The Respiratory System
THE BRONCHI
-The trachea branches into 2
bronchi. One goes into each
lung.
-The bronchi are the
beginning of the lungs
The Respiratory System
THE LUNGS
- Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide
into smaller and smaller tubes
called bronchioles
- At the ends of the bronchioles are
alveoli, small air sacs where gases are
exchanged.
- This is where the circulatory system
and the respiratory system meet.
- The lungs are spongy because they
are composed of thousands of these
microscopic air sacs (alveoli)
The Respiratory System
Where does gas exchange occur?
- The ALVEOLI !!!! (they are surrounded by capillaries)
How does gas exchange occur?
-Process of Diffusion!!!
Oxygen diffuses from the
alveoli into the capillaries
Carbon Dioxide and Water
diffuse out of the capillaries
into the alveoli
Gas exchange animation
Gas exchange animation #2
The Respiratory System
How does air get into and out of
your lungs?
YOUR
DIAPHRAGM!
(a muscle)
Which causes changes in air pressure
diaphragm animation
3-D diaphragm animation
The main function of the
respiratory system is:
GAS EXCHANGE!!!
(for and from cellular respiration!)