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Respiratory System Sports Training and Physiology Kociuba http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp? lic=1&article_set=59300&cat_id=20607 Respiratory System - Objectives • State the functions of the respiratory system • Describe the anatomy of the system • Explain how the gas exchange is possible and how the parts work together for it • Discuss effects of training on the lungs • Review how aging changes the system Functions of the Respiratory System • Gas exchange – Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange • Regulation of blood pH – It alters the pH by the amount of carbon dioxide found in the blood • Voice production – Air movement past the vocal folds creates sound and makes speech possible Functions of the Respiratory System • Olfaction (smelling) – When we breathe in through our nose, our sense of smell occurs • Protection – Prevents some micro organisms from entering the body and removes them from respiratory surfaces Anatomy • Upper Respiratory – Nose: physically seen – Nasal Cavity: back cavity found in your face – Pharynx: passage way shared by the digestive and respiratory system • Lower Respiratory – Larynx: anterior part of the throat meets the trachea – Trachea: (aka) windpipe – Bronchi: 2 smaller tubes of the trachea that branch into each lung Anatomy Anatomy • Lungs – Main organs of respiration – Right lung has 3 lobes • Superior • Middle • Inferior – Left lung has 2 lobes • Superior • Inferior Lungs • In the lungs there are broncho-pulmonary segments – – – – Lobar (secondary) Segmental (tertiary) Bronchioles Terminal Bronchioles Anatomy • The terminal bronchioles breakdown even further into respiratory bronchioles then alveoli • Alveoli is where gas exchange happens into the capillaries Exercise and the Respiratory System • Respiration increases abruptly when exercise first begins • As exercise continues, respiration then increases more gradually until the anaerobic threshold is reached Aging and the Respiratory System • All aspects are effected by aging • Mucus accumulates and becomes thick in the system making it harder to clear • Maximal intake decreases because the alveoli and bronchioles become larger creating more dead space in the lungs – This also creates dead space for gas exchange in the alveoli and less oxygen is getting through
