Download Chapter 4 Review Plate Tectonics

Chapter 4 Review
Plate Tectonics
A winning effort begins with
preparation.
Joe Gibbs
Plate Tectonics
• Geologist obtain
information about the
interior of Earth by
what methods?
• What are seismic
waves?
• What are the layers of
Earth’s interior, from
the outside to the
center?
• Direct – by drilling holes
and by studying rocks
• Indirect – by studying
seismic waves (their
speed and their path)
• Seismic waves are the
energy released by an
earthquake.
• Crust, mantle, outer
core and inner core.
Plate Tectonics
• Earth’s inner core is
made of what metals?
• Is Earth’s outer core a
solid or a liquid layer?
• According to Scientists,
what causes Earth’s
magnetic field?
• Primarily nickel and iron
• Liquid
• The movement of the
solid inner core in the
liquid outer core
Plate Tectonics
• The three types of heat
transfer are:
• Conduction – between
materials that are
touching
• Radiation – through
open space
• Convection – by the
movement of currents
within a fluid (gas or
liquid)
Plate Tectonics
• What is Pangaea?
• Who was the scientist
that hypothesized
about Pangaea?
• What evidence did
Wegener use for his
theory?
• Pangaea is a
supercontinent that
existed millions of years
ago.
• Alfred Wegener
• Land features, fossils,
and evidence of climate
change
Plate Tectonics
• What is the theory of
continental drift?
• What is a fossil?
• What is sonar?
• The continents drifted
together millions of years
ago and have since
drifted apart.
• Any trace of an organism
that has been preserved
in a rock
• A devise that bounces
sound waves off
underwater objects and
then records the echoes.
Plate Tectonics
• What is a mid-ocean
ridge?
• What is sea-floor
spreading?
• An undersea mountain
chain that is part of a
long system of
mountains beneath
Earth’s oceans.
• Sea-floor spreading is a
process that adds new
material to the ocean
floor. It happens at
mid-ocean ridges.
Plate Tectonics
• What evidence exists to
explain sea-floor
spreading?
• Where does subduction
occur?
• Eruptions of molten
material, magnetic
stripes in the rock of
the ocean floor, and the
ages of rocks
themselves.
• At deep-ocean trenches
Plate Tectonics
• Which theory explains the •
formation, movement, and
subduction of Earth’s
plates?
•
• What are Earth’s plates?
The theory of plate
tectonics
Sections of the
lithosphere that slowly
move over the
asthenosphere, carrying
pieces of continental
and oceanic crust.
Plate Tectonics
• What are the three
types of plate
boundaries?
• Spreading (divergent)
• Colliding (convergent)
• Sliding (transform)