Download ECOSYSTEMS PPQs 1. What are the two components of an

ECOSYSTEMS PPQs
1.
What are the two components of an ecosystem?
A.
Community and abiotic environment
B.
Species and habitat
C.
Habitat and abiotic environment
D.
Species and community
(Total 1 mark)
2.
Which of the following terms describe(s) species X?
I.
Heterotroph
II.
Primary consumer
III.
Secondary consumer
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II only
D.
I, II, and III
(Total 1 mark)
3.
Which is the best prediction about biomass?
A.
The biomass of X is more than the biomass of W.
B.
The biomass of X is less than the biomass of Y.
C.
The biomass of V + X + Z is equal to the biomass of W.
D.
The biomass of Y is less than the biomass of Z.
(Total 1 mark)
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4.
What units are used when constructing pyramids of energy?
A.
J
B.
J m–2
C.
J m–2 year–1
D.
J kg–1 m–2 year–1
(Total 1 mark)
5.
Which of the following statements describe a “population”?
A.
All the autotrophs and heterotrophs living in a certain area
B.
Individuals belonging to the same species in a certain area
C.
Two geographically isolated groups belonging to the same species
D.
A group of different species living in the same area at the same time
(Total 1 mark)
6.
Consider the simple food web below.
Q
P
T
R
S
Which organism could be a saprotroph?
A.
P
B.
Q
C.
S
D.
T
(Total 1 mark)
7.
What is the initial energy source for all terrestrial communities?
A.
Water
B.
Photosynthesis
C.
Light
D.
Glucose
(Total 1 mark)
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8.
In ecology, what is meant by the term community?
A.
A group of populations living and interacting in the same area
B.
A group of organisms of the same species living and interacting in the same area
C.
A group of organisms which can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
D.
The environment in which a species normally lives
(Total 1 mark)
9.
If 2 000 000 kJ m–2 yr–1 is available from producers in an ecosystem, how much energy (in kJ m–2
yr–1) is usually available to the tertiary consumers?
A.
200 000
B.
20 000
C.
2000
D.
200
(Total 1 mark)
10. What is an ecosystem?
A.
A species and its abiotic environment
B.
A community and its abiotic environment
C.
The habitat where a species lives
D.
A population of organisms in a specific habitat
(Total 1 mark)
11.
This diagram represents a simple food chain. In which ways is energy lost between the trophic levels?
I.
II.
III.
Heat loss through cell respiration
Material not consumed
Material not assimilated
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
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12.
What is the ecological role of saprotrophic bacteria?
A.
To recycle energy in dead organic matter
B.
To digest dead organic matter and release nutrients from it
C.
To ingest dead organic matter and prevent it from accumulating
D.
To produce dead organic matter by killing organisms
(Total 1 mark)
13.
The food web below shows a community in central France 24 000 years ago.
Salix
herbacea
Lemmus
lemmus
Alopex
lagopus
Betula
nana
Vaccinium
oxycoccos
Ursus
spelaeus
Lepus
arcticus
Canis
lupus
Rangifer
tarandus
Cladonia
rangiferina
Megaloceros
giganteus
Homo
sapiens
Graminaceae
Mammuthus
primigenius
Which statement is a correct description of Ursus spelaeus?
A.
It is an omnivore which feeds on Lemmus lemmus.
B.
It is a producer preyed upon by Vaccinium oxycoccos.
C.
It is a top carnivore and a primary consumer.
D.
It is a decomposer and it competes with Rangifer tarandus.
(Total 1 mark)
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14.
Which diagram shows the flow of energy through a community with three trophic levels?
A.
B.
C.
D.
(Total 1 mark)
15. EXTENDED RESPONSE QUESTION
This essay is marked out of [10] of which [2] are for clarity of expression, structure and development of
ideas:
[0] Quality of expression, structure and development is poor.
[1] Quality of expression, structure and development is limited.
[2] Quality of expression is clear, structure is good and ideas are well developed.
“Explain how energy and nutrients enter, move through, and exit a food chain in an
ecosystem.”
(Total 10 marks)
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