Download Name - Mrs. Eggleston

Name
2
Class
Ecology
Date
Unit Test A
Multiple Choice
Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.
_____ 1. Climate zones are the result of differences in
a. angle of the sun’s rays.
b. heat transport.
c. thickness of the ozone layer.
d. greenhouse gases.
_____ 2. One type of symbiosis is
a. succession.
b. competition.
c. predation.
d. parasitism.
_____ 3. An ecosystem in which water either covers the soil or is present at or near the surface of the
soil for at least part of the year is called a
a. mangrove swamp.
b. pond.
c. wetland.
d. salt marsh.
_____ 4. Which age structure is most likely for a population that has not completed the demographic
transition?
a. 50 percent of people below age 15
b. 15 percent of people below age 15
c. 5 percent of people aged 10–14
d. 10 percent of people aged 50–54
_____ 5. All renewable resources
a. are unlimited in supply.
b. can regenerate or be replenished.
c. are living or once were living.
d. can be recycled or reused.
_____ 6. Compounds that contribute to the formation of acid rain contain
a. calcium and phosphorus.
b. carbon dioxide and oxygen.
c. ammonia and nitrates.
d. nitrogen and sulfur.
_____ 7. Ecosystem services include
a. solar energy.
b. production of oxygen.
c. food production.
d. all of the above
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_____ 8. Which of the following organisms is a detritivore?
a. caterpillar
b. crow
c. snail
d. fungus
_____ 9. A collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving
environment is a(n)
a. population.
b. community.
c. ecosystem.
d. biome.
_____ 10. The rate at which organic matter is created by producers is called
a. nutrient limit.
b. primary succession.
c. nitrogen fixation.
d. primary productivity.
_____ 11. The type of interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another is
a. competition.
c. predation.
b. parasitism.
d. symbiosis.
_____ 12. Boreal forest biomes are
a. hot and wet year-round.
b. home to more species than all other biomes combined.
c. also known as taiga.
d. found near the equator.
_____ 13. Population density refers to the
a. number of individuals per unit area.
b. area inhabited by a population.
c. number of people in each age group.
d. carrying capacity.
_____14. An example of a density-independent limiting factor is
a. competition.
b. unusual weather.
c. predation.
d. disease.
_____ 15. The sum total of the genetically based variety of all organisms in the biosphere is called
a. genetic diversity.
b. species diversity.
c. biodiversity.
d. ecosystem diversity.
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Completion
Complete each statement on the line provided.
16. Only about ___________________ percent of the energy available within one trophic level is
transferred to organisms at the next trophic level.
17. The process in which soil bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas is called
___________________.
18. The biome that is characterized by permafrost is the ___________________.
19. Under ideal conditions with unlimited resources, a population will have a(n)
___________________ pattern of growth.
20. Planting large fields with a single variety of crop year after year is a practice called
___________________.
Short Answer
In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided..
21. What are sustainable strategies for protecting land, forest, and fishery resources?
22. What is biological magnification?
23. What factors determine aquatic ecosystems?
24. What are four important characteristics of populations?
25. What are three different types of ecological pyramids?
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Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines provided.
Figure 1
26. According to Figure 1, how did the acidity of Adirondack lake water change from 1880 to 1980,
and what is the likely cause of the change?
27. Based on Figure 1, which species is least tolerant of increased acidity of its environment? Which
species is most tolerant of increased acidity?
28. Based on Figure 1, at what pH value is survival of smallmouth bass first affected by increasing
acidity of water? At what pH value is survival of brown trout first affected?
29. Based on Figure 1, which species is most likely to be threatened by extinction if the above trend in
lake water acidity continues?
30. According to Figure 1, is the change in acidity a density-dependent or density-independent limiting
factor? Explain your answer.
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Essay
Write the answer to each question in the space provided.
31. How does a predator-prey relationship control population growth?
32. How is heat transported in the biosphere?
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33. What patterns of population growth characterized the human population throughout its existence,
and what factors contributed to the patterns of growth?
34. Why does habitat fragmentation threaten the survival of species?
35. How does the age structure of a population affect the population’s growth rate?
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