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Essence of a Man (Testosterone): Testosterone is an androgen, one of the masculinizing hormones that lead to muscle tissue development, lowering of the voice, and overall growth. It also affects libido, memory, and lean body mass, and it may contribute to mood issues and irritability. Contrary to popular belief, testosterone is not exclusively a male hormone. Women make a tiny bit in their ovaries and adrenal glands, and it plays an important role in sparking their sexual passion. Men produce testosterone in their testes; they have far higher levels of testosterone in their systems than women do, about fourteen times more. At birth, baby boys have testosterone levels that reach those of young adult males. They drop quickly, however, and remain low until puberty, when they begin to rise, masculinizing them in the process. Hormone production continues to rise, tapering off at about the age of 40. Some men have insufficient blood levels of testosterone, a condition known as testosterone deficiency. As a man ages, the amount of testosterone in his body naturally drops off to lower, but still normal, levels. Some scientists label this decline “andropause” or “male menopause.” Other causes of testosterone deficiency that may drop testosterone to lower and suboptimal levels include the following: Chemotherapy injury to the testicles pituitary gland abnormality medication (certain antidepressants) alcoholism any chronic illness stress Testosterone levels are almost never static. Throughout the day, testosterone rises and falls. Some researchers think there is an hourly difference as well, which might explain men’s preoccupation with sexual thoughts.