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Name Answers MOD _____ Living Environment Benchmark Review: Part 1 Use your notes in your Science notebook to answer the questions below. Then use the information to study for you Benchmark test on Tuesday, December 6, 2011. 1. All organisms share the 4 main characteristics of life. List them below. A. Energy Use B. Response to Surroundings C. Reproduction D. Growth and Development 2. What is the main difference between plants and animals, NOT cells? Plants autotroph – makes its own food Animals heterotroph – captures food 3. Fungi are not considered plants because of many characteristics. List the main characteristic that separates fungus from a plant. Fungi are heterotrophs and plants are autotrophs 4. Circle the plants below. Place a box around the fungus. wheat rose mushrooms pumpkins tree 5. One day you decide to grow some yeast. You start with 4 yeast and the next day you have 8 yeast. What happened? reproduction 6. As you observe the yeast, you notice bubbles and a funny smell coming from the container. What life process is the yeast going through to make the bubbles and smell? Removal of waste – carbon dioxide/cellular respiration 7. Circle the smallest level of organization below. They are NOT in order. tissues organ systems cells organs 8. List the 2 structures that a plant cell contains and an animal cell doesn’t contain. A. cell wall B. chloroplasts 9. Just like organisms, what must cells do to survive? (refer back to #1) A. Energy Use B. Response to Surroundings C. Reproduction D. Growth and Development 10. Plants make sugar during photosynthesis using energy from sunlight. List the 2 other ingredients needed for a plant to complete photosynthesis. A. carbon dioxide B. water 11. Circle the systems below that humans use to exercise. Explain your answer. muscular skeletal respiratory circulatory nervous All of the systems are used and necessary for humans to exercise and complete all activities in order for the body to function properly and sustain life. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 11. Many cells working together to perform a job is called a tissue. 12. The main purpose of the vascular system in a plant is to … Transport necessary materials (nutrients and water) throughout the plant 13. Which system in an animal is most closely related to the vascular system in a plant? circulatory 14. Mitosis allows organisms (plants and animals) to complete what 2 life processes? A. reproduction B. growth and development (repair tissues) 15. There are many parts of a microscope. Which part is changed when you want to make things look bigger? objective 16. In the picture below there is more carbon dioxide inside the cell than outside. Draw arrows to show which direction the carbon dioxide molecules would move. Explain your answer. Key: = animal cell membrane = carbon dioxide molecule FIGURE 1 Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (balance). __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 17. What are the processes that allow cells to obtain nutrients and remove wastes? (Keeper of the Cell) A. diffusion B. osmosis 18. Cells have many organelles/cell structures that allow them to complete life functions. Which organelle acts as a gatekeeper, letting materials in and out of the cell? Cell membrane 19. What 3 things do scientists use to classify organisms in order to determine their degree of relatedness? (Six Kingdoms Here We Come) A. cell type (prokaryote/eukaryote) B. number of cells (multicellular, unicellular) C. how the organism obtains food (heterotroph, autotroph) 20. List the type of symmetry of each organism below. Organism 1 Organism 2 Organism 1: bilateral Organism 2: radial Organism 3: bilateral Organism 4: asymmetrical Organism 3 Organism 4 21. List the 2 types of plants. A. Vascular (celery – roots, tube like structures, tall and/or wide) B. non-vascular (moss – no root structure, tiny) 22. List 2 reasons why grasshoppers and sharks are part of the animal kingdom. A. multicellular B. heterotrophs 23. What organelle is the control center of a cell? nucleus 25. The systems listed below are found only in ... circulatory reproductive _____ A. Plants nervous ______ B. Animals 26. Describe the function/purpose of the systems below. System Circulatory Digestive Respiratory Nervous Function/Purpose Transports necessary materials, like oxygen throughout the body Breaks down food into molecules that can be transported throughout the body, removes wastes Brings in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide Sends electrical messages from the brain throughout the body 27. In order for a species to survive, what system must function successfully? ALL OF THEM (Be Careful!) 28. List the levels of organization in order starting with the smallest unit. CELLS TISSUES ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEMS 29. True or False: The purpose of the digestive system in a lizard is the same as in a human being. TRUE 30. If a cell from the root of an onion is in the process of dividing to make a new cell, what is the purpose of cell division? For the onion root to grow 31. Use the diagrams below to answer the following question. Diagram A-Animal Circulatory Diagram B-Plant Vascular Both internal systems are from two different organisms. Both internal systems transport nutrients within the organism. Although both organisms have different systems, what is each organism successful in completing? Necessary processes for the function of life 32. Based on external features only, circle the 2 organisms most closely related. SKIP THIS QUESTION – WRONG PICTURE! 33. FIGURE 1: CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT ORGANISMS a. Frog b. Human Images from Prentice Hall: Science Explorer, Animals Complete the T-Chart below to compare the circulatory system of a frog and human in the diagram above. Frog 3 ventricles Same Ventricles and atria Circulatory system Human 4 ventricles List the function of the two systems above. To transport necessary materials throughout the organism 34. DESCRIPTION Organism A Organism B Organism C Organism D CHARACTERISTICS HOW IT OBTAINS FOOD Has 4 legs Has a gray coat of fur Has flat/grinding teeth Green Has leaves Has roots Has purple star-shaped flowers Has wings Has a sharp/strong beak Has green feathers Is green Rectangular shaped Has a Flagella (whip-like tail) CELLULAR COMPOSITION Eats grasses and leaves Multicellular Produces glucose from sunlight Multicellular Eats small birds, mice, and other small mammals Multicellular Produces glucose from sunlight Unicellular Circle the organisms that are in the same kingdom. List the 2 characteristics that classify those two organisms into the same kingdom. a. Heterotrophs (eat other organisms) b. multicellular A multicellular, autotrophic organism was just discovered. Which organism in the chart above would be in the same kingdom as the new organism? Organism B