Download Chapter 2 : The Rise of Greek Civilization

Chapter 2
The Rise of Greek Civilization
Chapter 2
The Rise of Greek Civilization
The Bronze Age on Crete and on the Mainland to about 1150 B.C.E.
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Crete was a cultural bridge with:
Greece to the north.
Egypt to the south.
Asia to the east.
All of these answers.
(Answer: D; page 40) [Factual]
2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The three periods of the Bronze Age are:
Primitive, Intermediate, and Late Mycenaean.
Early, Middle, and Late Minoan.
First, Second, and Third Minoan.
Early, Middle, and Late Mycenaean.
(Answer: B; page 40) [Factual]
3.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The striking creations of the palaces uncovered at such sites as Phaestus, Haghia Triada, and, most important,
Cnossus can detail much regarding the unique character and beauty of its inhabitants. Based on the description
of the palaces, what can you deduce about the daily lifestyle and living structures of the people living within the
palaces?
Defense and battle techniques were essential to their survival.
Children were revered and blessed with oils and grains.
Culture, education, and innovation were valued within the society.
Taxes were high and often a burden to the common citizen.
(Answer: C, page 40–41) [Conceptual]
4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
What distinguished the Mycenaean culture from many other Bronze Age civilizations?
Its militant style of life
Its use of slave trading, eventually dominating its economy
The role of women as a dominant matriarchal figure
None of these answers.
(Answer: A, page 41) [Conceptual]
5.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following people is most likely to be buried in a tholos tomb?
A Mycenaean slave
A king
A convicted criminal
A noble priest
(Answer: B, page 42) [Conceptual]
6.
Crete was the site of the earliest Bronze Age settlement, and modern scholars have called the civilization that
arose there ___________ after the legendary king of Crete.
(Answer: Minoan; page 40) [Factual]
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7.
Examine Map 2-1. Based on the map, how did the location of Crete influence its cultural interaction and
fortification system? What geographic features could facilitate or hinder the development and security of the
Minoan and Mycenaean societies?
(Answer, page 43) [Conceptual]
The Greek “Middle Ages” to about 750 B.C.E.
8.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following correctly identifies the four classes in Homeric society?
Knights, thetes, indentured servants, and slaves
Nobles, shepherds, thetes, and indentured servants
Knights, landless laborers, thetes, and shepherds
Nobles, thetes, landless laborers, and slaves
(Answer: D, page 44) [Factual]
9.
__________ was the writer of the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey.
(Answer: Homer, page 44) [Factual]
10. The highest virtue in Homeric society was ________.
(Answer: Arete, page 45) [Factual)
11. How does the Iliad reveal the powers of the king, the noblemen, and the common soldiers in government during
the Greek Middle Ages?
(Answer, page 44) [Conceptual]
12. Examine the excerpt “Husband and wife in Homer’s Troy.” How does Homer portray the feelings that husband
and wife have toward each other? What are the tasks of the aristocratic woman that are revealed in this extract?
Is this role one of praise or condemnation? What was the attitude toward death and duty?
(Answer, page 46) [Conceptual]
The Polis
13.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Acropolis in Athens is an example of a(n):
Tyrtaeus.
Agora.
Citadel.
Hoplite phalanx.
(Answer: C, page 47) [Factual]
14.
A.
B.
C.
D.
About 750 B.C.E., coinciding with the development of the polis, the Greeks:
created the first true alphabet.
developed paper to spread a new writing system.
created a compass.
domesticated horses for both travel and military use.
(Answer: A, page 47) [Factual]
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Chapter 2
The Rise of Greek Civilization
15. Until defeated by the Roman legion, this was the dominant military force in the eastern Mediterranean.
A. Angora
B. Citadel
C. Battalion
D. Phalanx
(Answer: D, page 48) [Factual]
16. Translate and characterize how the Greek institution of the polis is misleading.
(Answer, page 47) [Conceptual]
17. Examine the excerpt “Tyrtaeus on the Citizen Soldier.” How do the values expressed in this poem compare
with those esteemed in the epic of Homer? Why, according to Tyrtaeus, is the Spartan soldier correct and
prudent to risk his life by showing courage in battle? What does this tell us about Spartan ideology and culture?
(Answer, page 48–49) [Conceptual]
Expansion of the Greek World
18.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following describes the typical Greek colony–mother city relationship?
Hostile
Gracious
Submissive
Domineering
(Answer: B, page 50) [Conceptual]
19.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The best known exception to the typical relations between colony and mother city was the case of:
Trapezus and Tanais.
Carales and Croton.
Corinth and Corcyra.
Telum and Tomi.
(Answer: C, page 51) [Factual]
20.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Colonization encouraged trade, industry, and the manufacturing of items such as:
weapons, pottery, silks, and leather products.
pottery, silks, weapons, and fine artistic metalwork.
fine artistic metalwork, tools, pottery, and silks.
tools, weapons, pottery, and fine artistic metalwork.
(Answer: D, page 51) [Factual]
21.
A.
B.
C.
D.
A tyrant usually:
rose to power because of his military ability.
expelled his aristocratic opponents, dividing their land among supporters.
fostered trade and colonization.
All of these answers.
(Answer: D, page 51) [Factual]
12
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22.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is not a program of public works achieved by tyrants?
They broadened education and a program for adult literacy courses.
They cared for the water supply and improved drainage systems.
They erected temples and strengthened city walls.
They sponsored the arts and supported poets and artisans.
(Answer: A, page 51) [Factual]
23. Which of the following is a long-lasting contribution that tyranny made to the development of Greek
civilization?
A. Economic changes that helped secure the future prosperity of Greece
B. Increased communication with the rest of the Mediterranean world
C. Broke the grip of the aristocracy and put powers to talented citizens
D. All of these answers.
(Answer: D, page 51) [Factual]
24. By confronting the Greeks with the differences between themselves and the new people they met, colonization
gave them a sense of cultural identity and fostered a ___________ spirit.
(Answer: Panhellenic, page 51) [Factual]
25. In some cities, the crisis produced by new economic and social conditions led to or intensified factional division
within the ruling aristocracy and often resulted in the establishment of a ___________.
(Answer: tyranny, page 51) [Factual]
26. Examine Map 2-2. What accounts for the vastly expanded Greek territory? What distinguishing features
determined the settlement of Greek colonization? What could account for the gaps and disconnected
colonization within the Greek world?
(Answer, page 50) [Conceptual]
27. Evaluate both the benefits and drawbacks to tyrannical rule as demonstrated in Greek society. What other
options could have achieved the same, or further, success without the negative outcomes? Justify your answer
with examples from the text.
(Answer, page 51) [Conceptual]
The Major States
28. About 725 B.C.E., the pressure of population and hunger led this poleis, located on the Peloponnesus, to launch
a war of conquest against its western neighbor.
A. Messenia
B. Sparta
C. Athens
D. Troy
(Answer: B, page 52) [Factual]
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Chapter 2
29.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Rise of Greek Civilization
Which of the following was a result of the First Messenian War?
Messenians were reduced to the status of serfs.
Spartans were reduced to the status of serfs.
Messenians did not need to work the land that supported them.
Spartans lost land to the Messenians.
(Answer: A, page 52) [Factual]
30. Which of the following would describe a typical male Spartan after the new system, which emerged in the late
sixth century B.C.E.?
A. Controlled and regimented
B. Carefree and luxurious
C. Predestined but lighthearted
D. Disorderly but comfortable
(Answer: A, page 52) [Conceptual]
31.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Spartan constitution contained which element(s) of government?
Monarchy
Democracy
Monarchy and democracy
Monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy
(Answer: D, page 52) [Factual]
32.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Who ruled Spartan government?
Clergy
A king
Two kings
A group of wealthy aristocrats
(Answer: C, page 52) [Factual]
33.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Spartan assembly consisted of:
all males over twenty.
all males over thirty.
all land-owning males.
all tax-paying males.
(Answer: B, page 53) [Factual]
34. When the Spartans defeated Tegea, their northern neighbor, instead of taking away land and subjugating the
defeated state, Sparta left the Tegeans their land and their freedom in exchange for:
A. paying an annual fee in grains and oil.
B. converting to the Spartan religious and cultural traditions.
C. educating their children with Spartan customs and swearing Spartan allegiance.
D. following the Spartan lead in foreign affairs and supplying soldiers on demand.
(Answer: D, page 53-54) [Factual]
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35.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following polis is located in Attica?
Athens
Sparta
Corinth
Thebes
(Answer: A, page 54) [Factual]
36.
A.
B.
C.
D.
To speak of a law “written in blood” is to insinuate:
a legislation in which war was the byproduct of the law.
that the law is harsh and punishment severe.
that the law is firmly in place, with no repeal of the law possible.
a martyr who sacrificed himself or herself for the cause/law.
(Answer: B, page 55) [Conceptual]
37. An effect of Draco’s special authority to codify and publish laws was, for the first time, the establishment of
the:
A. rights of habeas corpus.
B. right of the accused to have their Miranda rights.
C. publication of set laws that applied to all of the lower classes.
D. publication of laws strengthening the hand of the state against powerful nobles.
(Answer: D, page 55) [Factual]
38.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is an indirect cause to the growing numbers of enslaved Athenians?
Crop rotation
Not enough fertilizer
Low prices at which wheat was selling
Need for slave labor with new agricultural practices
(Answer: B, page 55) [Conceptual]
39.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is not true of the “shaking off of burdens” program?
Land was redistributed.
Current debts were canceled.
The people in Athens enslaved for debt were freed.
Athenians enslaved abroad were brought back and freed.
(Answer: A, page 55) [Factual]
40.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Who was fairly called the “father of Athenian democracy”?
Solon
Pisistratus
Hippias
Clisthenes
(Answer: D, page 57) [Factual]
41. Sparta’s unique board of __________ consisted of five men elected annually by the assembly who, besides
many other functions, controlled foreign policy.
(Answer: ephors, page 53) [Factual]
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Chapter 2
The Rise of Greek Civilization
42. Many political philosophers, from __________ to modern times, have based utopian schemes on a version of
Sparta’s constitution and educational system.
(Answer: Plato, page 53) [Factual]
43. In the seventh century B.C.E., Athens was a typical ____________ polis.
(Answer: aristocratic, page 54) [Factual]
44. Archons served for only a year and were checked by their colleagues, as they looked forward to a lifetime as a
member of the ____________, the true master of the Athens state.
(Answer: Areopagus, page 54) [Factual]
45. Examine the sacrifices made by Spartan men and women in their powerful commitment to the polis. What did
Sparta, as a whole, gain from these sacrifices? Based on your examination of Sparta, how effective was this
policy?
(Answer, page 52) [Conceptual]
Life in Archaic Greece
46.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The written record, titled Works and Days, give insight to the life of a:
religious leader.
yeoman farmer.
wealthy aristocrat.
indentured slave.
(Answer: B, page 58) [Factual]
47.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is an incentive for participation, and winning, of the Olympics?
Free land
Cash prizes
Admittance to the polis’ leadership and nobility
Wreaths or crowns of olive, laurel, pine leaves, or wild celery
(Answer: D, page 60) [Factual]
48.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is correctly identified with his/her power?
Hephaestus, god of fire and metallurgy
Hermes, god of war
Athena, goddess of love and beauty
Aphrodite, goddess of wisdom and the arts
(Answer: A, page 61) [Factual]
49. A ___________ was a carefully organized occasion, the center of aristocratic social life, with a “king” chosen
to set the order of events and to determine that night’s mixture of wine and water.
(Answer: symposium, page 58) [Factual]
50. Like most ancient peoples, the Greeks were ___________, and religion played an important part in their lives.
(Answer: polytheists, page 59) [Factual]
16
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51. The first record of the Olympics dates back to 776 B.C.E. and was held at Olympia in honor of _______.
(Answer: Zeus, page 60) [Factual]
52. The ___________ was the warship that dominated naval warfare in the Mediterranean in the fifth and fourth
centuries, B.C.E.
(Answer: trireme, page 61) [Factual]
53. The priests of ____________ preached moderation, including two famous sayings: “Know thyself” and
“Nothing in excess.”
(Answer: Apollo, page 62) [Factual]
54. Examine “Hesiod’s Farmer’s Almanac.” Why was this poem written? What does this extract tell us about
Greek farming? How did it differ from other types of agriculture? What are the major qualities Hesiod
associates with farming? How do they compare with the intrinsic worth Homer celebrated?
(Answer, page 59) [Conceptual]
55. Analyze the document “Greek Athletics.” What sports or contests made up the Greek athletics? What were the
intrinsic and tangible incentives for Greek athletes? It has been said that the Olympics was a way for regions to
show their strength and endurance to others. How could the acts of war be compared to the Olympic games?
Defend or attack this analogy.
(Answer, page 60) [Conceptual]
The Persian Wars
56.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following ended the calm rule of Ionia by Greece, stirring the Ionian Rebellion?
The suicide of Cambyses
The death of Persian king Cyrus the Great
The civil war of 522–521 B.C.E.
The private ambitious tyrant of Miletus, Aristagoras
(Answer: D, page 63) [Factual]
57.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is true of the tyrant Miletus, Aristagoras?
He urged a Persian expedition against the island of Naxos.
He organized the Ionian rebellion of 499 B.C.E.
He overthrew the tyrannies and proclaimed democratic constitutions.
All of these answers.
(Answer: D, page 63) [Factual]
58.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is true of the Athenians?
They were related to the Ionians and both shared close ties of religion and tradition.
The thought of leaving their homeland undefended against the Spartans alarmed them.
Before the Ionian rebellion they controlled both sides of the Hellespont.
They were not prepared for a Persian attack on the Greek mainland.
(Answer: A, page 63) [Factual]
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Chapter 2
59.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Rise of Greek Civilization
During the Great Invasion, one advantage for the Greeks was:
retaliation, to reclaim and rebuild from their loss at Marathon.
their will to protect their homeland, fighting on their own turf.
their great leader, Xerxes, and his army of at least 150,000 men.
a traitor showed them a mountain trail to attack the Persians from behind.
(Answer: B, page 65) [Conceptual]
60. At Plataea, in the summer of 479 B.C.E., the ____________ suffered a decisive defeat.
(Answer: Persians, page 65) [Factual]
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