Download Chapter 1 Test (Living Things) Study Guide

Name _________________________
Date ______________
Period _______________
Life Science Marking Period 2 Exam Study Guide
Topic/Textbook: Bacteria to Plants
Exam Format: 32 multiple choice, 2 open-ended
The Scientific Method
(pgs. 186-187)
1. Controlled experiment: __________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Independent Variable: __________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Dependent Variable: ___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Hypothesis: ____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mendel’s Work Cell Textbook (pgs. 80 – 85)
5. Traits: ________________________________________________________________________________
6. Heredity: ______________________________________________________________________________
7. Genetics: ______________________________________________________________________________
9. The factors that control traits are called ______________________________.
10. The different forms of a gene are called ______________________________.
11. A _________________________ allele is one whose trait always shows up in the organism when it is
present.
12. A _________________________ allele is masked whenever a dominant allele is present.
Probability and Genetics Cell Textbook (pgs. 88 – 93)
13. ____________________________ is the likelihood that a particular event will occur.
14. If you flip a coin what is the probability that it will land heads up? ________________________________
15. An organism’s genetic makeup, or specific allele combination, is called its ________________________.
16. An organism’s visible physical traits are called its ___________________________.
17. An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is ___________________________.
18. An organism that has two different alleles for a trait is ___________________________.
19. In ___________________________, neither allele is dominant or recessive.
20. Create a Punnett square crossing a homozygous person with dimples and a person without dimples.
Dimples are dominant.
a. Is the parent without dimples heterozygous? ____________________
b. What percent of the offspring will have dimples? _________________
c. What percent of the offspring will be homozygous? _______________
d. What is the genotype for offspring 1? _________________________
e. What is the phenotype for offspring 1? ________________________
Living Things
(pgs. 16-23)
21. Define organism: ______________________________________________________________________
22. 6 characteristics of all living things: _________________________
____________________ ____________________
______________________
23. 4 needs of all living things: ________________________________
________________________________________
____________________________
____________________
___________________________
___________________________________________
24. The process of producing offspring that are similar to the parents is called _________________________.
25. Explain the difference between unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms. Give an example of
each. ____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
26. Explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs. Give an example of each. ______________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Classifying Organisms
(pgs. 28-37)
27. The scientific study of how living things are classified is called __________________________________.
28. Describe the contributions of each of the following scientists to taxonomy:
a. Aristotle: ______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
b. Carolus Linnaeus: ______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
c. Darwin: _______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
29. 7 levels of biological classification from broadest to most specific:
1. ________________________________________
2. ________________________________________
3. ________________________________________
4. ________________________________________
5. ________________________________________
6. ________________________________________
7. ________________________________________
30. An organism’s scientific (binomial) name consists of its ____________________ &
____________________.
The Six Kingdoms
(pgs. 40-42)
31. The 6 Kingdoms:
1. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
5. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
6. ___________________________________
32. Explain the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Give an example of each. ______________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Viruses
(pgs. 48-54)
34. 2 basic parts of a virus: ________________________________
________________________________
35. Explain the difference between an active virus and a hidden virus. _______________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Bacteria
(pgs. 56-65)
36. 2 bacteria kingdoms: ________________________________
__________________________________
37. 2 characteristics of all bacteria: ___________________________
______________________________
38. 2 methods of bacteria reproduction: __________________________
Protists
____________________________
(pgs. 80-89)
39. 2 characteristics of all protists: ___________________________
______________________________
40. Complete the following table with information about protists:
Type of
Protist
Animal-like
Also Known As…
Shared Characteristics
Examples
________________
1. __________________________
Sarcodine: __________________
2. __________________________
Ciliate: _____________________
3. __________________________
Zooflagellate: ________________
Sporozoan: __________________
Plant-like
________________
1. __________________________
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3. ______________________
4. ______________________
41. Draw an amoeba using the diagram on p. 82. Label
the 6 structures shown.
42. Draw a paramecium using the diagram on p. 83.
Label the 9 structures shown.
43. Give the function of the following protist cell structures:
a. Pseudopod: ____________________________________________________________________________
b. Cilia: _________________________________________________________________________________
c. Oral Groove: __________________________________________________________________________
d. Food Vacuole: _________________________________________________________________________
e. Contractile Vacuole: ____________________________________________________________________
44. Draw a Euglena using the illustration on p.87. Label
the 6 structures shown.
Give the function of the following:
44. Chloroplast: _____________________________
___________________________________________
45. Flagellum: ______________________________
___________________________________________
46. Eyespot: ________________________________
___________________________________________
47. Euglena is a _______________-like protist.
Fungi
(pgs. 95-104)
48. 4 characteristics of all fungi: ____________________________
______________________________________
_______________________________
___________________________________________
49. Sketch a mushroom in the space below (refer to the diagram on p. 96). Label the cap, gills, stalk, &
hyphae.
50. Explain using 3 steps how fungi get food:
1) ____________________________________________________________________
2) ____________________________________________________________________
3) ____________________________________________________________________
51. Ways Fungi are helpful
52. Ways Fungi are harmful
1) ________________________________________
1) ________________________________________
2) ________________________________________
2) ________________________________________
3) ________________________________________
3) ________________________________________
4) ________________________________________
Plants
(pgs. 110-161)
53. 5 characteristics of all plants: ____________________________
____________________________
______________________________
____________________________
___________________________
54. The green pigment that allows plants to carry out photosynthesis is called _________________________.
55. The 3 raw materials required for a plant to carry out photosynthesis are:
_________________________ ____________________________ _____________________________
56. The 2 products of photosynthesis are: __________________________ ___________________________
57. 3 non-vascular plants are: ____________________
___________________
___________________
58. 3 characteristics of non-vascular plants: ____________________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
59. 4 characteristics of ferns: _____________________________
___________________________________________
_________________________________
___________________________________________
60. 3 characteristics of seed plants: ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
61. Vascular tissue that transports food from the leaves to other parts of the plant: _______________________
62. Vascular tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant: ____________________________
63. 3 functions of leaves: ____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________ ____________________________________________
64. 2 functions of roots: ________________________________ ___________________________________
65. ___________________ is the earliest stage of plant development and begins when the seed absorbs water.
66. Draw a seed using the illustrations on p.142. Label the
seed coat, embryo, and cotyledon.
Give the function of each of the following:
67. Seed Coat : __________________________________
______________________________________________
68. Embryo: ____________________________________
______________________________________________
69. Cotyledon:___________________________________
______________________________________________
70. 2 characteristics of gymnosperms: __________________________
____________________________
71. All angiosperms produce ______________________________ & _____________________________.
72. Draw a flower using the illustration on p. 157. Label
the stamen, anther, filament, stigma, style, ovary, pistil,
petal, and sepal.
73. Name the male reproductive parts of a flower.
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
74. Name the female reproductive parts of a flower.
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
75. Why do many flowers have colorful petals?
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________