Download Unit 3 Exercise 3 - Mr. Tincher Lecture notes

Grammar Unit 3
Lie vs. Lay, Direct Object Indirect Object, and Prepositions
Lie vs. Lay
Rule 1: Lie, Lay, Lain This verb is always
intransitive; it never has a complement. It means to
rest or recline.
Rule 2: Lay, Laid, Laid, is always transitive: it must
have a complement to complete its meaning. It
means to put or place something.
Intransitive
Transitive (to
(to rest or
put or place
recline)
something)
Present
Lie, Lies,
Lay, Lays,
Lying
Laying
Past
Lay
Laid
Third
Lain
Laid
principal
participle
(has or
had)
Rule 3: Add –ing to the present tense, never to the
past tense.
Unit 3 Exercise 1
1. Determine which of the six questions is answered
after the blank. 2. Then determine if it is
intransitive or transitive. Use the chart to determine
which form of Lie or Lay to use.
1. How long will Tom ___ in bed this morning?
(present)
2. He has ___ there too long.
3. Albert was ____ in the sun all morning.
4. The teacher ___ her books on her desk.
(present)
5. Now her books are __ on her desk
6. The lecturer was ____ his papers on the podium.
7. Now his papers are ____ on the podium
8. Pete ____ on the grass and cried. (past)
9. My dog is ____ on the rug. (present)
10. The doctor ____ his forceps on the table.
(present)
11. They ____ there all morning (past)
12. Robert ____ the cover over his pool. (past)
13. Now the cover was ____ over his pool.
14. He was ____ the cover over his pool.
15. Tom had ____ the shells in the sun.
16. He was ____ in the sun.
17. He ____ there for an hour (present)
18. Jim ____ his pencils near his typewriter. (past)
19. Now his pencils are ____ near his typewriter.
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20. Mildred is ____ on her bed.
21. She was _____ there for over an hour.
22. I _____ the book down. (present)
23. I also _____ it down yesterday.
24. I had _____ it there very often.
25. She had been _____ scraps of paper all over the
floor.
More Troublesome Verbs
Rule 4: Rise, Rose, Risen This verb is always
intransitive. It never has a complement.
Rule 5: Raise, raised, raised. This verb is always
transitive.
Rule 6: Sit, Sat, Sat This verb is always intransitive
Rule 7: Set, Set, Set This verb means to put
something in a certain place. It is usually transitive.
Rule 8: Leave, Let, Let Leave means to permit to
remain, or depart; let means to permit.
Unit 3 Exercise 2
Underline the correct verb in the following
sentences.
26. I (sat, set) before the fire last night.
27. Please (leave, let) us go.
28. She (sits, set) the glasses(what) down carefully.
29. The men were (setting, sitting) on the bench
(where).
30. I have never (set, sat) there (where) before.
31. The teacher (rose, raised) the window (what).
32. You must (set, sit) down (where).
33. Her voice had (rose, risen) to a high pitch.
34. My mother will not (leave, let) me go to the
dance.
35. Please (let, leave) my coat on the chair.
36. My little sister (leave, let) my hamster escape.
37. He (raised , rose) slowly from his chair.
38. Her parents will not (leave, let) Sue go out
alone.
39. James (rose, raised) his hand.
40. You may (leave, let) the room.
41. Janie likes to (sit, set) the table.
42. You can always (let, leave) the matter run its
course.
43. (Let, Leave) me take your baggage.
44. We have been (sitting, setting) the table.
45. He often (leaves, lets) me drive his car.
46. (Sit, Set) the bouquet on the table.
47. Will you please (leave, let) me ask you a
question?
48. Joe (lets, leaves) his belongings everywhere.
49. I (raised, rose) quickly from my seat.
Grammar Unit 3
Lie vs. Lay, Direct Object Indirect Object, and Prepositions
50. Mike always (set, sat) in the back seat of the
classroom.
Case
Rule 9: Case means the use of a noun in a sentence.
Rule 10: The nominative case always names the
subject, the doer or the receiver of a sentence. The
subject of a sentence is always in the nominative
case.
Unit 3 Exercise 3
Write out the basic sentence pattern of the
following sentences. Remember that
prepositional phrases are not part of the basic
sentence pattern.
51. Brian with his three sisters visited Europe last
summer.
52. In my room was a shelf of mystery stories.
53. The photographer with his wife has left for
Hawaii.
54. A sack of oranges was delivered to the cafeteria.
55. A bottle of syrup broke on my clean kitchen
floor.
56. The principal gave us a longer lunch period.
57. The coach, with his assistants, wants a victory.
58. In the second race, our team finally won.
59. Nothing satisfied him.
60. The Photographer took pictures of the students.
Apposition Definition
Rule 11: The term apposition comes from the Latin
verb meaning “to put near or next to.”
Rule 12: Appositions are used to identify, rename,
or explain the noun.
Rule 13: An appositive that identifies the subject is
always in the nominative case.
Unit 3 Exercise 4
(Apposition) Write down Subject and the first
and last word of the apposition.
61. Mrs. Travers, the secretary at our school, retired
last fall.
62. Paul Jones, the yearbook of the Seraph Scrolls,
will graduate in June.
63. Jane Coffman, the winner of the music contest,
received a trip to Boston.
64. Tom and Pete, my best friends, went to
England.
65. My scissors, an heirloom, cut the ribbon for the
grand opening of the museum.
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66. My mother, a flower lover, spends many hours
in her garden.
67. Pete, the janitor, painted the gym in one week.
68. Apricots, my favorite fruit, also make a good
pie.
69. John, the captain of our football team, received
a scholarship to Penn State.
70. Bob, the master of ceremonies, has a
tremendous sense of humor.
Unit 3 Quiz 1 (1-4)
Subject Complement (Predicate Nominative)
Rule 14: The complement of a linking verb always
relates to the subject and must be in the nominative
case.
Unit 3 Exercise 5
Writes S for subject. A for apposition, or C for
subject complement for the yellow highlighted
nouns in the following sentences.
71. Hemingway is a great author.
72. My friends went on a trip last week.
73. Amethyst, a purple birthstone, is the gem for
February.
74. Tom, my brother-in-law, earned a trip to Africa.
75. Mabel, my cousin, will visit me during
Christmas vacation.
76. “Birches” by Robert Frost is my favorite poem.
77. Jack is a great preacher.
78. Napoleon was a brilliant general.
79. Liz, my sister, is a good seamstress.
80. The audience applauded the cast.
81. Jane, an excellent pianist, is also an honor
student.
82. Joe, a dedicated baseball player, has a collection
of baseball cards.
83. Paul is an excellent soccer player.
84. Miss Winkle, our math teacher, is very strict.
85. Our neighbor, Ann Cooper, is a fine golfer.
86. Venus, the Greek goddess, was always jealous.
87. Julie, my friend, attends Cal Poly University.
88. Jesse Owens, an Olympic runner, surpassed his
world record.
89. The scene of the murder was an old grocery
store.
Grammar Unit 3
Lie vs. Lay, Direct Object Indirect Object, and Prepositions
90. Our drama club sponsored a variety show last
week.
91. Nick is sleepy.
Direct Object Definition
Rule 15: The direct object is always the
complement of a transitive verb.
Rule 16: The direct object always completes the
verb, answering the questions what or whom.
Rule 17: When there is more than one direct object,
the direct objects are compound.
Unit 3 Exercise 6
(Direct Object) Write the direct objects in the
following sentences.
1. Jack left the room (what) very angry.
2. Bob saw his friend (who) at the theater.
3. We bought paper(what) and pencils (what) for
the exam.
4. Everyone applauded the man’s efforts to rescue
his brother.
5. The class wrote a letter(what) to the President
of the United States.
6. Marie saw her little sister(who) in the park.
7. The newsboy found his papers in the bushes.
8. The minister led his congregation in song.
9. Ted sold his bike to the first customer.
10. Peg led the bikers on a new trail.
11. Our class had a Christmas party.
12. Joan strung Christmas lights in her porch.
13. Someone stole Jack’s bicycle.
14. We all welcomed the new teacher.
15. File these papers today.
16. Listen to the flute.
17. The guide took us on a hike in the woods.
18. Where did you find that wallet?
19. We noticed the boy’s reluctance to speak.
20. Send me the teacher’s report.
Unit 3 Exercise 7
Write the direct object from each sentence. If there is
more than one then write the first one then write the
second or third one.
1. Fancisco Pizarro, a sixteenth-century Spanish
explorer, won much fame and fortune for his
country.
2. Around 1520 Pizarro heard rumors of a vast and
rich empire in the central highlands of South
America.
3. In 1524 Pizarro began an expedition to the west
coast of South America.
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4. Bad weather hindered him in his first visit to the
region.
5. In 1528, however, Pizarro located the Inca and
their extensive empire.
6. Signs of gold and other riches in the Inca capital
of Cuzco pleased the explorer greatly.
7. In 1532 Pizarro captured Atahualpa, a great Inca
chief, in the town of Cajamarca.
8. The Incas gave a vast quantity of gold and silver
object ot Pizarro in order to save their chief.
9. In the end Pizarro heartlessly killed the Inca
ruler.
10. After the death of Chief Atahualpa, Pizarro
easily conquered the Inca and their lands.
11. Jerome carried his backpack to school.
12. We spotted the ranger and the horse by the falls.
13. The pitcher threw a curveball and then a slider.
14. She tapped the window gently.
15. The visitor rang the bell twice.
16. Beethoven wrote only one opera.
17. She ate spaghetti for lunch.
18. My mother reads at least two books a month.
19. Phyllis Wheatley wrote poetry about her life as
a slave.
20. This morning Father skipped breakfast.
21. This tree produces hazelnuts.
22. She wrote original music for the show.
23. The steamer blew its whistle during the storm.
24. The kitchen clock uses only batteries.
25. My family visited Toronto and Ottawa.
26. Marge helped him and me with our homework.
27. He bakes delicious breads, cookies, and cakes.
28. My older sister teaches biology and chemistry at
school.
29. We found Bill and her at the lake.
30. I will read The Pearl and The Prince this
summer.
31. Yesterday Marta got a vaccination and a
checkup.
32. We can choose ice cream, fruit, or pie for
dessert.
33. Barbara is touring Colombia and Panama this
month.
34. Did the workers receive any praise or rewards.
35. Whom has she taken from you?
36. Which T-shirt do you like?
37. Whom did you meet in the cafeteria?
38. Whom did your sister invite to the party?
39. Which coat will you wear tonight?
40. What will you do with the twenty dollars?
41. What shall I buy?
Grammar Unit 3
Lie vs. Lay, Direct Object Indirect Object, and Prepositions
42. Which groups will they audition for the dance?
43. Whom has Julie chosen as co-captain?
44. Whose radio did they borrow yesterday?
45. What effect did the aspirin have on the pain?
46. Which windows did the sonic boom break?
47. Which story will she read to us this evening?
48. My aunt approached the door cautiously.
49. Sally gave our puppy to the Wilsons.
50. The patients take their medicine three times a
day.
51. My mother sent the clothing to the Red Cross.
52. At night she often eats frozen dinners.
53. We received oranges from Florida.
54. I want them here now.
55. He winds his gold watch each morning.
56. After lunch she gave an account of the accident.
57. They did not serve any dessert after dinner.
58. At the market buy some lettuce, carrots, and
tomatoes.
59. After class Mr. Simpson complimented Ned and
him on their project.
60. Did they buy a sedan or a convertible?
61. I shocked Mary and Bob with my story.
62. I saw him and her at the movies.
63. The train passed New York, Providence, and
Boston while I slept.
64. Linda and Alan planted marigolds and petunias
in their garden.
65. The poet Sylvia Plath wrote many poems and
one novel.
66. She has always loved ships and the sea.
67. Sara bought a new blouse and a yellow skirt and
blue shoes.
68. Which photograph did she take?
69. Whom does he expect this evening?
70. What did you do with the package?
71. Where will you spend your vacation?
72. Which books have they read?
73. How many records did you buy?
74. Which suggestions have they considered so far?
75. What have you heard about the astronauts?
Indirect Object
Rule 18: An indirect object appears with the direct
object and names the person or thing to which
something is given or done.
Rule 19: An indirect object always precedes the
direct object in a sentence.
Rule 20: You can never have an indirect object
without a direct object.
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Rule 21: The prepositions TO and FOR are
understood with the indirect object.
Rule 22: Indirect objects are never part of the basic
sentence pattern.
Unit 3 Exercise 8
(Indirect object) Write down the indirect object
and then the direct object from each sentence.
Be sure to label each word as the I.O. or the D.O
76. The principal gave the class a free period.
77. Ships brought the people food and clothing.
78. The Thespian Club gave the school a great
movie.
79. The baker made my mother several loaves of
bread.
80. The FBI sent Mr. Matthews a warning.
81. The photographer gave the school several free
photographs (what).
82. Please take Mary and Ted some ice cream.
83. The Constitution guarantees Americans their
freedom.
84. The freshman class gave the basketball team hot
chocolate.
85. My friend offered Mrs. Smith his car.
86. We certainly gave Miss Jones a fright.
87. Mr. Benson gave his nephew nothing for his
birthday.
88. Mrs. Newhall wrote her son a letter every day.
89. Please give Joan this note.
90. I gave my father my good report card.
91. Mr. Johnson sent his son some money.
92. The policeman gave me a ticket for speeding.
93. A walk each day will give the invalid some
exercise.
94. Albert sent his mother flowers for Mother’s
Day.
95. My Aunt Nellie sent me my favorite recipe.
Prepositional Phrases
Rule 23: A preposition is a word that shows
relationship between two nouns.
Rule 24: The choice of a preposition reveals the
relationship between the complement (object of the
preposition) and the word before the preposition.
Rule 25: The preposition with its complement
(word that completes a preposition) is called a
prepositional phrase.
Rule 26: A preposition must have a complement;
otherwise it is not a preposition.
Rule 27: The complement of a preposition is always
in the objective case.
Grammar Unit 3
Lie vs. Lay, Direct Object Indirect Object, and Prepositions
Rule 28: A preposition must have an object;
otherwise it is classified as an adverb.
Frequently Used Prepositions
(You will need to know all of these for Test 4)
About
Above
Across
After
Against
Along
Among
Around
Before
Behind
Beneath
Besides
Between
But (Except) By
Concerning
Despite
Down
Except
From
In
Into
Like
On
Over
Out
Past
Till
To
Toward
Under
Until
Up
With
Without
Compound Prepositions
(You will need to know all of these for Test 4)
Rule 29: Some combinations of words like as to,
out of, instead of, according to, and in place of are
regarded as single prepositions. They express a
single relationship, and often one word may be
substituted for them.
Know the following compound prepositions
According to
Ahead of
Apart from
As of
Because of
By means of
In back of
In front of
In place of
Instead of
In regard to
In view of
Unit 3 Exercise 9
1. A preposition is a word that shows relationship
between two _____.
2. The choice of a preposition reveals the
relationship between the complement (object of
the preposition) and the word _____ the
preposition.
3. The preposition with its complement (word that
completes a preposition) is called a
prepositional _______.
4. A preposition must have a _______; otherwise it
is not a preposition.
5. The complement of a preposition is always in
the _______ case.
6. A preposition must have an object; otherwise it
is classified as an _______.
Write the preposition in the following sentences.
7. The girl in the blue dress is my sister
8. The freshmen on our football squad look
unusually big and tall.
9. The old house was made of adobe.
10. The students in her class must speak French.
11. During the war my brother was injured by a
grenade.
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12. The men from the construction company
attended the rally.
13. The airplane flew above the clouds.
14. We walked around the block and across the train
tracks.
15. A chattering squirrel scampered up the tree.
16. Clare’s initials are engraved inside her ring.
17. The ship sailed at midnight.
18. A light rain fell during the night.
19. Mildred remained in her room all day.
20. The garage stands between the house and the
barn.
21. We divided the fruit among the four boys.
22. The crew lowered the lifeboats into the water.
23. The lecture covered a variety of subjects.
24. All may leave but Tom
25. After the battle the soldiers rested for one week.
26. Many trees were destroyed during the storm.
27. He has found leaders among men of thought and
action.
28. They came in the summer months by hundreds.
29. The team emerged from the game victorious and
unscathed.
30. Our judgments concerning his worth were
biased.
31. Their wives seldom go to the island before May.
What is the prepositional phrase in the following
sentences?
32. The girl in the blue dress is my sister
33. The freshmen on our football squad look
unusually big and tall.
34. The old house was made of adobe.
35. The students in her class must speak French.
36. (During the war my brother was injured)by a
grenade.
37. The men from the construction company
attended the rally.
38. The airplane flew above the clouds.
39. (We walked around the block )and across the
train tracks.
40. A chattering squirrel scampered up the tree.
41. Clare’s initials are engraved inside her ring.
42. The ship sailed at midnight.
43. A light rain fell during the night.
44. Mildred remained in her room all day.
45. We divided the fruit among the four boys.
46. The crew lowered the lifeboats into the water.
47. The lecture covered a variety of subjects.
48. All may leave but Tom.
49. (After the battle the soldiers rested) for one
week.
Grammar Unit 3
Lie vs. Lay, Direct Object Indirect Object, and Prepositions
50. Many trees were destroyed during the storm.
51. (He has found leaders among men) of thought
and action.
52. (They came in the summer months) by
hundreds.
53. The team emerged from the game victorious and
unscathed.
54. Our judgments concerning his worth were
biased.
55. Their wives seldom go to the island before May.
Unit 3 Quiz 2 (Exercices 5-9)
Indirect Object
Unit 3 Exercice 10
Instructions: Write only the indirect object. If there
isn't one, then write the word none.
1. I later wrote my brother an explanation for my
behavior.
2. In the morning Mollie told Willy and Jeff the
news.
3. The coach gave him a special award.
4. Can you lend me a dollar?
5. Did you really sell him your stamp collection?
6. He gave Chuck and Steve their deserts.
7. I gave each paper a number.
8. Have you told Sally or Beth that story?
9. Vasco taught me several Portuguese words.
10. Can he really get the boys tickets for the game?
11. I gave the wall and ceiling one more coat of
paint.
12. I gave the stairs and the porch a new coat of
paint.
13. Yesterday Mother bought me a new dress.
14. I am selling Mark and John my coin collection.
15. In the morning I will give Joyce and her father
our decision.
16. Have you told Mother and him the wonderful
news?
17. Our parents bought Rafael and Maria souvenirs
from Venice, Italy.
18. Please show the test scores to Jack.
19. We sent her a bouquet of flowers.
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20. Pass your sister the vegetables.
21. We gave the birds and the fish new homes.
22. Dana wrote Brian and Matthew a letter.
23. I sent her flowers for her birthday.
24. Did you tell your mother and your father the
whole story?
25. Have you shown them the new puppy?
26. Our teacher sent the principal an invitation.
27. I will draw her a map of directions to the
restaurant.
28. She gave me the assignment.
29. Will you show Max and Gail those strange
stones?
30. Please read Bob and them the directions to the
store.
31. After dinner they told us the good news.
32. Ask the doctor and the nurse that question.
33. Take Uncle Bill and Aunt Lila a cold drink.
34. The entire class wrote our representative a letter.
35. Give each flower and plant some fertilizer.
36. Lucy told him the news.
37. Please show Jack the test scores.
38. Lucille lent her brother her umbrella.
39. I will order you some breakfast now.
40. Give him and her an equal amount.
41. After two meetings we finally gave our club a
name.
42. Our teacher gave Jimmy and her a pass to the
dean.
43. Why don’t you lend Ellie and Sue your tapes?
44. I can show you the stamp album now.
Find the DO and IO
Unit 3 Exercise 11
Instructions Locate the direct object and indirect
object. Write the Indirect object first and then the
direct object. If there isn't a direct or indirect object
then write the word none.
1. In the 1972 summer Olympics, the women’s
relay team brought the United States a silver
medal.
2. The silver medal also gave a determined African
American runner great satisfaction.
3. For years Cheryl Toussaint had prepared herself
for the games.
4. In 1972 she finally fulfilled her dream.
5. An unexpected problem gave her a scare in a
women’s 400-meter relay race.
6. In an accidental brush wit another runner,
Toussaint lost her left shoe.
Grammar Unit 3
Lie vs. Lay, Direct Object Indirect Object, and Prepositions
7. Nevertheless, she successfully passed her
teammate the baton.
8. Toussaint’s victory brought her family and
country much pride.
9. She broke several world records during her
memorable career.
10. Toussaint’s triumph gave her a chance for a
career in professional sports.
11. Some of these companies financed British
colonies.
12. In 1607, the Virginia Company started a colony
in Virginia and called it Jamestown.
13. The company sent 144 men there and promised
them wealth.
14. Only 104 of the men survived the voyage.
15. The survivors settled swampy and inhospitable
land.
16. About seventy more men lost their lives within a
year.
17. They had expected wealth.
18. The environment caused settlers malnutrition
and disease instead.
19. Captain John Smith’s military discipline could
not prevent the bad conditions and starvation.
20. Nevertheless, Britain kept sending Jamestown
more settlers.
21. The Jamestown colonists selected a region that
was home to Algonquain tribes.
22. These Native Americans helped the struggling
colonists.
23. Powhatan, the tribal leader, gave them
assistance.
24. The colonists received corn and other foods
from Powhatan’s confederacy in exchange for
tools, guns, and knives.
25. In 1614 Powhatan signed a treaty with the
settlers.
26. He cemented the arrangement with the marriage
of his daughter, Pocahontas, to John Rolfe.
27. However, the relationship between the
Algonquians and the settlers was not a smooth
one.
28. Huge cultural differences caused the neighbors
stress.
29. The confederacy attacked the settlers in 1622
and killed more than three hundred of them.
30. The Jamestown colony survived the attack and
fought back.
31. Ben Franklin witnessed man’s first successful
flight, which occurred in 1783 in a lighter-than-
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air-balloon invented by the Montgolfier
brothers.
32. The lighter-than-air balloon prompted further
experimentation with heavier-than-air-gliders.
33. Soon inventors were testing heavier-than-air
flying machines.
34. The wings on these heavier-than-air gliders
needed a special shape, on that would force air
to flow much faster over the top than across the
bottom.
35. Air pressure gives the wings the lift they need to
carry heavy objects aloft.
36. The physical property of lift gave Orville and
Wilbur Wright the opportunity to develop the
first airplane.
37. Past glider designs gave the Wright brothers a
model for their self-propelled aircraft.
38. An evolution of imaginative experiments
formed the modern airplane.
Unit 3 Quiz 2 (Exercices 9-11)