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PSE Fall Final Review (Study Guide) - ‘14-‘15
Scientific Method, Metrics, Graphing – Chapter 1 (Use textbook and Unit 1A Packet)
1. Does the scientific method have a specific order in real life situations? Be able to explain each step.
2. Explain what the difference is between a theory and a law.
3. Define independent variable and dependent variable. Give an example of each.
4. Be able to define and write the standard units in the metric system for each of the following:
a. Mass
d. Temperature
b. Distance
e. Time
c. Volume
5. Write in order from largest to smallest, the prefixes in the metric system starting at kilo and ending at
milli. What are the place values of each?
6. Convert the following: (King Henry died ____ drinking chocolate milk.)
a. 465g to Dg
d. 45g to kg
b. 0.09L to mL
e. 3600mg to kg
c. 1.25cm to hm
f. 0.6kL to DL
7.
Recorded Growth of a Plant in Weeks
Time(weeks)
1
2
3
4
Height(cm)
1
2.5
3
3.5
a.
b.
c.
d.
5
4
What are the two variables?
Which variable is the independent variable? Which variable is the dependent variable?
Between which two consecutive weeks did the plant grow the fastest?
What are the units used in this data table? Why is it important to have units?
8. a. List the four parts to a graph. Explain why graphs are important.
b. What variable goes on the x-axis? the y-axis?
9. Define experiment, controls, controlled experiments, experimental group, and control group.
10. a. What are the independent and dependent variables in the graph below?
b. What are the units for the variable in the graph below?
c. On what day(s) is the temperature the highest in the below graph?
Temp (oC)
Average Daily Temperatures
60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time (days)
Mapping – Chapter 3
1.
What is the difference between latitude and longitude?
2.
Where is the prime meridian located?
3.
What is the difference between the geographic north pole and the geomagnetic north pole?
4.
On topographic maps
5.
What are the darker lines called on the topographic map in Figure 3 on page 65 of your textbook?
6.
What is a contour interval?
7.
Which direction do streams/rivers “v” on a topographic map?
8.
When contour lines get closer together, what does that mean about their elevation?
9.
What are contour lines?
are used to indicate elevation.
Use the map below to answer questions # 6 – 10.
10. What is the contour interval of this topographic
map?
11. What type of feature is shown by the contour lines at
Point B?
12. In which direction is the Orr River flowing
downstream?
___________
13. Which best describes the elevation change from
Point A to Point B?
a. approximately a 40 m climb.
b. approximately a 40 m descent.
c. approximately a 60 m climb.
d. appproximately a 60 m descent.
14.
Which Point, A, B, C or D, is the highest in elevation?
15.
Be able to use a map scale to figure horizontal distance. Practice using the map in your textbook on p. 76.
Chemistry – Chapter 4
1. What is a proton? Where in the atom is it found? What is its charge?
2. What is an electron? Where in the atom is it found? What is its charge?
3. What is a neutron? Where in the atom is it found? What is its charge?
4. Define atomic number, isotope and mass number.
5. Describe the difference between chemical and physical properties.
6. What is a group on the periodic table? Give the names of four different groups.
7. What is a period on the periodic table?
8. How are the elements arranged in the periodic table?
9. What is a chemical formula? What do the subscripts in a formula mean? How many atoms of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are in 3 C6H12O6?
10. What is a chemical reaction? What is a chemical equation?
11. What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?
Minerals and Resources – Chapter 5 & 7
1.
List the four important characteristics of minerals.
2.
What determines a mineral’s hardness?
3.
What are the most common silicate minerals?
4.
Besides silicon, what other element must be present in silicate minerals?
5.
Some minerals like magnetite are magnetic. Which element must be present?
6.
Using complete sentences, describe the following properties used to identify minerals:
streak, luster, cleavage, fracture, and hardness.
7.
What is the ratio of a mineral’s mass to its volume called?
8.
Is color a good property to use to classify minerals? Explain your answer.
9.
What is a characteristic property of iron?
10.
List the following items in order of increasing hardness according to the Moh’s hardness scale:
quartz, talc, corundum, calcite, and copper pennies.
(Three groovy cats found a ferret quietly toasting cheese dinners.)
11.
Most minerals have densities that are _________ than that of pure water.
12.
Explain three properties of metals.
13.
Give three important uses for metals.
14.
List three examples of metals valued for their beauty.
15.
What has to be present to make an ore valuable?
16.
Explain the technique of subsurface mining and where it occurs.
17.
What are rare nonmetallic minerals called?
18.
Explain why sand and gravel are mined. What are they used for?
19.
Which minerals are most likely to be found in “powdery” hand soap, detergents? They are also
found in insulation for homes.
20.
What mineral is used in the construction industry?
21.
This valuable mineral led to California statehood. It is also used in dentistry.
22.
What are the materials found in Portland cement? List the materials and circle the one that is the
major material.
Rock Cycle and Rocks – Chapter 6
1. Know the three types of rocks and be able to describe the geologic forces and processes to change
from one type of rock to another (the rock cycle).
2. What is the simplified pattern that explains the order in which minerals form as magma solidifies?
3. What are the three factors that affect whether rock melts? (p. 129) (What 3 things does the melting
of rock depend on?)
4. What do the terms “sedimentary,” “igneous,” and “metamorphic” mean?
5. What is the name of the process that breaks rocks down into smaller pieces?
6. What is the difference between felsic, mafic and intermediate igneous rocks?
7. Know the features of the three types of rocks.
Sedimentary rocks (p. 136-140)
Metamorphic rocks (p. 143-144)
Igneous rocks (p. 131-134)
8. What does “sorting” mean?
9. The rate at which magma and lava cool determines what about igneous rock?
10. Describe the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock.
11. Which rock is most likely going to have (contain) fossils?
Dating Rocks – Chapter 8
1. What is the Law of Superposition?
2. What is the Principle of Cross-cutting relationships?
3. What is the Law of Uniformitarianism?
4. What is the difference between relative and absolute dating?
5. How is radioactive decay used to determine the absolute age of rocks?