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Name:____________________________________ Period: ____________________ Lesson 2: Nucleus Lesson 2: What Does the Nucleus Do? Directions: 1. Watch and listen to the introduction of this activity. Your teacher will play this for you. 2. Here are two models of what a nucleus does. You will use 3 pieces of evidence to determine which model is better. Read each of the two models. CONTROL CENTER MODEL The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It is like a brain. It works like this: The nucleus is a membrane with strands of DNA inside. Each strand of DNA is a sequence of genes. A gene is a small bit of DNA. The DNA and its genes in the nucleus give orders to the other parts of the cell and tell them what to do. The other parts of the cell follow the orders. INSTRUCTIONS MODEL The nucleus gives instructions to make cell structures. It works like this: The nucleus is a membrane with strands of DNA inside. Each strand of DNA is a sequence of genes. A gene is a small bit of DNA. Each gene gives instructions to the cell to make particular chemical structures. Different genes give instructions to make different chemical structures. The chemical structures do things in the cell. 2 3. The next three pieces of evidence are presented on the computer. In groups, start reading evidence #1. When finished, start reading Evidence #2, and then move on to Evidence #3. Evidence #1 5. Read the Diabetes study in groups on the computer. Follow the directions you see on the computer. 6. In groups, discuss this question and write your best answer: What do you conclude from the results of this study? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Individually, add evidence ratings and arrows for Evidence #1 on Page 3. Then in pairs, discuss your ratings and arrows using the evidence and arrow stems. Remember for evidence rating: 0 = Very bad 1 = Pretty bad 2 = Pretty good 3 = Excellent Evidence #2 8. Read the Scientific American Blog in your groups on the computer. Follow the directions that you see in the blog. 9. Individually, answer this question: How good or bad is Evidence #2? Write your reasons for your answer. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Individually, add evidence ratings and arrows for Evidence #2 on Page 3 below. Then in pairs, discuss your ratings and arrows using the evidence and arrow stems. 3 Evidence #3 11. Read the information from the website www.ineedhelp.com in your groups on the computer. 12. Individually, add evidence ratings and arrows for Evidence #3 on Page 3 below. Then in pairs discuss your ratings and arrows using the evidence and arrow stems. Arrows Diagram: Evidence Goodness Control Center Model Instructions Model #1. Diabetes. When there is a mutation in the DRB gene, patients cannot produce insulin. #2. Glow in the dark cat evidence. The gene for a glowing protein was put into cats and the cats produced the protein, so they glowed. #3. I NEED HELP. The nucleus is like the brain of the cell. 4 Remember when writing: Evidence can contradict, support, strongly contradict, strongly support or have nothing to do with a model 13. Individually, answer this question: How is Evidence #1 related to the Control Center model (supports, contradicts, etc.)? Give reason for your answer. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Individually, answer this question: How is Evidence #1 related to the Instructions model (supports, contradicts, etc.)? Give reasons for your answer. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Model Evaluation 15A. Discuss in your groups: Which model is better, based on the evidence so far. Give detailed reasons for your ideas during your discussion (use model evaluation stems). 15B. Then answer the following questions. Which evidence is the best evidence? Which evidence supports or contradicts both models MOST STRONGLY? Which evidence helps you the most to decide which model is better? What is the best argument for the control center model? What is the best argument for the instructions model? What is the worst argument for either model? What other evidence would you like to have? 5 16. Individually, answer this question: What is the best model of the function of the nucleus? Give 2 reasons and 2 explanations using details from the evidence of your reasons. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 The Function of the Nucleus 17. Individually, answer these questions: a. What is the function of the nucleus? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. What would happen if you took the nucleus of a mouse egg and put it in a chicken egg? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7