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Download Past Participles Used in Verb Tenses
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What Are Past Participles? Past participles are formed from verbs. Past participles (just like present participles) can be used as adjectives or used to form verb tenses. Let's look at the verb to whisper: Here's the past participle: whispered Here it is used as an adjective: The whispered word Here it is used to form a verb tense: The message was whispered. There are two types of participles: The Past Participle (Past participles usually end with -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n.) The Present Participle (Present participles end with -ing.) Past and present participles are classified as verbals. (A verbal is a verb form that functions either as an adjective or a noun.) Examples of Past Participles Being Used As Adjectives Here are some examples of past participles being used as adjectives: The Verb The Past Participle To swell swollen eyes To break broken plate To ruin ruined cake Past Participles in Participle Phrases Past participles can often be found in participle phrases. A participle phrase acts like an adjective. In the examples below, the participle phrases are shaded and the past participles are in bold: The boy taken to hospital has recovered. (The participle phrase taken to hospital describes the boy.) I have a heart wracked with sorrow. (The participle phrase wracked with sorrow describes a heart.) Battered by the wind, John fell to his knees. (The participle phrase "Battered by the wind describes john.) Finally broken , Lee lowered his gloves. (The participle phrase Finally broken describes Lee.) Read more about participle phrases. More Examples of Past Participles Used as Adjectives Here are some examples of past participles (shaded) being used as adjectives: Here is a laminated copy to replace your torn one. Stuffed deer heads on walls are bad enough, but it's worse when they have streamers in their antlers because then you know they were enjoying themselves when they were shot. (Ellen DeGeneres) A torn jacket is soon mended, but hard words bruise the heart of a child. (Henry Longfellow) Scandal is gossip made tedious by morality. (Oscar Wilde, 1854-1900) The enemy is anybody who's going to get you killed, no matter which side he's on. (Joseph Heller, 1923- 1999) Past Participles Used in Verb Tenses As well as being used as adjectives, past participles are also used to form verb tenses. Here are the verb tenses (past participles shaded): The 4 Past Tenses Example simple past tense I broke past progressive tense I was breaking past perfect tense I had broken past perfect progressive tense I had beenbreaking The 4 Present Tenses Example simple present tense I break present progressive tense I am breaking present perfect tense I have broken present perfect progressive tense I have beenbreaking The 4 Future Tenses Example simple future tense I will break future progressive tense I will be breaking future perfect tense I will have broken future perfect progressive tense I will have beenbreaking