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Define the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Electronegativity - The ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound. Increases across periodic table, decreases going down Ionization energy – Energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element. Increases across periodic table, decreases going down Atomic radius - One half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together. Metal – everything to the left of staircase described using words like ductile, malleable, luster and hardness. Lose electrons to form Cations. Transition metal – found in the d-block Periodic law – The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. Periodicity – There are repeatable patters in the periodic table. Cation – positively charged particle due to the loss of electrons Period – horizontal rows in the periodic table (energy levels ) Group – vertical columns of the periodic table Electrons – negatively charged particles found in the electron cloud outside of the nucleus Metalloids are semiconductors 11. What does each period in the periodic table corresponds to? Energy Levels 12. What elements are in the same period as Mg? Sodium, Aluminum, Silicon… 13. The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic _Number___. Discovered by Mosely 14. Who arranged the elements according to atomic mass and used the arrangement to predict the properties of missing elements? Mendeleev 15. Which of the category includes the majority of the elements? Metals 16. To what category of elements does an element belong if it is a poor conductor of electricity? Nonmetals 17. The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus? Protons and also electrons if electrically neutral 18. What is the electron configuration of the noble gases? End with s2p6 19. Which subatomic particle plays the greatest part in determining the properties of an element? protons 20. How does atomic radius change from top to bottom in a group in the periodic table? increases 21. How does atomic radius change from left to right across a period in the periodic table? decreases 22. What element in the first period has the largest atomic radius? Hydrogen 23. What is the charge of a cation? + Anion? 24. What is the element with the lowest electronegativity value? Cesium 25. What is the element with the highest electronegativity value? Fluorine 26, What is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom? Ionization energy 27. What factor contributes to the decrease in ionization energy within a group in the periodic table as the atomic number increases? The outermost electrons are further from the nucleus in larger atoms. 28. What element has the electron configuration 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p4? Sulfer 29. Which group of elements in the periodic table is known as the alkali metals? Group 1 alkaline earth metals? Group 2 Noble gases? Group 18 Transition metals? Groups 3-12 Halogens? Group 17 30. Which group in the periodic table is known as the noble gases? Group 18 31. An element has an atomic number of 70. How many protons and electrons are in an atom of the element? 70 32. How many electrons does the ion Mg contain? 10 33. Which transition elements are magnetic? Cobalt, Iron, nickel 34. Which family is also known as the salt-formers? Halogens