Download Define the following: Electronegativity

Define the following:
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Electronegativity - The ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from
another atom in the compound. Increases across periodic table, decreases going down
Ionization energy – Energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element.
Increases across periodic table, decreases going down
Atomic radius - One half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded
together.
Metal – everything to the left of staircase described using words like ductile, malleable, luster
and hardness. Lose electrons to form Cations.
Transition metal – found in the d-block
Periodic law – The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of
their atomic numbers.
Periodicity – There are repeatable patters in the periodic table.
Cation – positively charged particle due to the loss of electrons
Period – horizontal rows in the periodic table (energy levels )
Group – vertical columns of the periodic table
Electrons – negatively charged particles found in the electron cloud outside of the nucleus
Metalloids are semiconductors
11. What does each period in the periodic table corresponds to? Energy Levels
12. What elements are in the same period as Mg? Sodium, Aluminum, Silicon…
13. The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic _Number___. Discovered by
Mosely
14. Who arranged the elements according to atomic mass and used the arrangement to predict the
properties of missing elements? Mendeleev
15. Which of the category includes the majority of the elements? Metals
16. To what category of elements does an element belong if it is a poor conductor of electricity? Nonmetals
17. The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus? Protons and
also electrons if electrically neutral
18. What is the electron configuration of the noble gases? End with s2p6
19. Which subatomic particle plays the greatest part in determining the properties of an element? protons
20. How does atomic radius change from top to bottom in a group in the periodic table? increases
21. How does atomic radius change from left to right across a period in the periodic table? decreases
22. What element in the first period has the largest atomic radius? Hydrogen
23. What is the charge of a cation? + Anion? 24. What is the element with the lowest electronegativity value? Cesium
25. What is the element with the highest electronegativity value? Fluorine
26, What is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom? Ionization energy
27. What factor contributes to the decrease in ionization energy within a group in the periodic table as the
atomic number increases? The outermost electrons are further from the nucleus in larger atoms.
28. What element has the electron configuration 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p4? Sulfer
29. Which group of elements in the periodic table is known as the alkali metals? Group 1 alkaline earth
metals? Group 2 Noble gases? Group 18 Transition metals? Groups 3-12 Halogens? Group 17
30. Which group in the periodic table is known as the noble gases? Group 18
31. An element has an atomic number of 70. How many protons and electrons are in an atom of the
element? 70
32. How many electrons does the ion Mg contain? 10
33. Which transition elements are magnetic? Cobalt, Iron, nickel
34. Which family is also known as the salt-formers? Halogens