Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Viral phylodynamics wikipedia , lookup
Social history of viruses wikipedia , lookup
Endogenous retrovirus wikipedia , lookup
Oncolytic virus wikipedia , lookup
Virus quantification wikipedia , lookup
Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus wikipedia , lookup
Plant virus wikipedia , lookup
Introduction to viruses wikipedia , lookup
Bacteriophage wikipedia , lookup
Name : ________________ Date : __________ VIRUSES : Viral Structure and Life Cycles : Notes #1 A) Structure of a Virus -Composed of a core of ______________________________ surrounded by a _____________________________________ ______________________ -The Capsid ______________________ the nucleic acid core. -Nucleic Acid can be _____________________________ but never both. (retroviruses contain RNA) -The _________________ helps attach the virus to the cell -The _______________________the nucleic acid into the cell. - The picture shown above is that of a _______________________________________ ________________________________________________________ - There are three main shapes of Viruses. See pictures below: ________________ __________________________ ______________________ B) Biotic( ___________) or ________________(_________________) **Viruses straddle the fence between living and non-living ALIVE Non-Living - Have DNA or RNA and _____________ - Acellular – not made of cells (No non-living thing contains ___________ _____________/protein) - _________________________ - Can _________________ - _________________________ - Have ____________________ - Do not move - Can reproduce** *** Do _____________________ - Demonstrate some level of being able ____________________________ to __________________________________ ____________________________ ____________________ ** Some biologists describe viruses as being non-living infectious particles C) Viral Life Cycles - Two main types of Life Cycles (Viral Replication) for viruses: 1) -_________________________ 2) -__________________________ 1) LYTIC CYCLE OF A VIRUS: - In the Lytic Life Cycle (shown below),______________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________. _______________________________________This process takes place very quickly. - Viruses that reproduce through a lytic cycle are _____________________________ __________________________________________ - _____________________________________________________: A virus that makes many copies of itself in its host cell; _________________________________________ ____________and release the reproduced viruses to spread to many more host cells. - This process only takes about ________________________from beginning to end. 2) LYSOGENIC CYCLE OF A VIRUS - Another way in which some viruses affect a cell is through a __________________ ______________. The virus does not reproduce and lyse of the host cell (as was the case in the lytic cycle) – at least not right away. -______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ - Like the Lytic Cycle, the DNA of the virus is injected into the host cell. - Once integrated into the Host cell’s DNA, the viral DNA is known as __________________________________________________________________ - The PROPHAGE may remain combined as part of the DNA of the host cell for many generations. _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________. - As long as this prophage (viral DNA) does not cause lysis it is considered to be acting as a ______________________________, sometimes a temperate phage will get triggered (_____________________________________________) to enter into the Lytic Cycle. This temperate phage now becomes a ____________________________ _________________________________________