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MAIN ANATOMICAL TERMS TO LEARN: From Nicola ABDUCTION ADDUCTION DORSI FLEXION ELEVATION EXTENSION FLEXION HYPER EXTENSION PLANTAR FLEXION ROTATION Away from the middle line of the body Towards the middle line of the body To lift the metatarsal up off the floor – flexing the ankle To lift a body part To straighten or lengthen a joint To bend or shorten a joint To extend a joint past its normal range To lift the heels off the floor/point the foot To turn a body part/ front to side/front to back/ outward and inward e.g. the thigh in the hip socket MAIN MUSCLES TO LEARN: MUSCLE NAME: broken into sections ONE/TWO MAIN ACTIONS to help you say the name (for the muscle/muscle group) Ster/ no/ cli/ do/ mas/ toid Where: The neck Tra/ pe/ zi/ us Where: the shoulder Del/ toid Where: the upper arm/shoulder Pec/ tor/ al/ is Major Where: the chest Tri/ ceps Bra/ chii Where: the back upper arm Bi/ ceps Bra/ chii Where: the front upper arm Rec/ tus Ab/ dom/ i/ nus Where: the front tummy ‘6 pack’ Quad/ ri/ ceps Where: the front upper thigh/leg Ham/ strings Where: the back upper thigh/leg Gas/ troc/ ne/ mi/ us Where: the back lower leg Sar/ tor/ i/ us Where: the inside upper thigh (longest muscle in the body) Rotation (turning sideways) of the head Flexion (bending forwards) of the head Elevation (lifting) of the shoulders Stabilization (keeps the shoulder in place) Abducts (away from the middle line) the upper arm Adducts (towards the middle line) the upper arm Extends (straightens) the elbow joint Flexes (bends) the elbow joint Flexion (bending forwards) of the trunk (body) Rotation (turning the body) Extension (straightening) of the knee Flexion (lifting the leg to the front) of the hip Flexion ( bending ) of the knee Extension (lifting the leg to the back) of the hip Plantar flexion (Lifting of the heels/pointing the foot) Hip flexion (lifting leg to the front) Knee flexion (bending the knee) MUSCLE NAME: broken into sections ONE/TWO MAIN ACTIONS to help you say the name (for the muscle/muscle group) Ser/ ra/ tus An/ te/ rior Where: Side of the body - ribs La/ tis/ si/ mus Dor/si Where: the back Ex/ ter/nal O/ bli/ques Where: Side of the body - waist Stabilizes the scapula (keeps it in place) E/ rec/ tor Spin/ a/ e Where: up the spine Glu/ te/ us Max/ i /mus Where: the bottom Ad/ duc/ tors Where: the inside thigh So/ le/ us Where: below the Gastrocnemius(calf) Ti/ bi/al/ is An/ te/ rior Where: the front lower leg Extends the arm (moves it backwards it the shoulder) Flexion of the trunk (bends the body forwards) Lateral flexion of the trunk (bends the body sideways) Extends the neck and trunk (bends the body backwards) very important in core stability Extends the hip (moves the leg to the back) Adduct the thigh (bring the thighs towards the middle of the body) Plantar flexion of the foot (lifts the heels/points the foot) Dorsi flexes the foot (lifts the toes up/flexes the ankle) The only muscle you will not be able to see is the erector spinae because it lies underneath the latissimus dorsi and trapezius. When you learn the muscles learn their action at the same time Only learn a few muscles at a time and really practice saying the name, the action and feeling where it is on your own body Perhaps divide up the muscles you are going to learn along with your teacher for each term FIND ALL THE MUSCLES ON THE DIAGRAMS LABEL THE MUSCLES AND THEIR ACTIONS THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS TO YOU WHEN YOU OVER DEVELOP YOUR MUSCLES!!! OOPS! IS THAT MY BODY? I GUESS I OVER DID IT AT THE GYM TODAY. TRAPEZIUS PECTORALIS MAJOR BICEPS BRACHII RECTUS ABDOMINUS SARTORIUS QUADRICEPS