Download Muscles of the Buttocks, thigh and Leg

Muscles of the Lower
Extremities
Name __________________________________
Per _____
Use your book and the internet (where indicated) to answer these questions. Answers should include muscles
from out muscle must know list only. Also look back on pages 148-149 for help with movement definitions (i.e.
extension, flexion, abduction, etc.)
1. Which muscle act as synergists to hip extension?
2.
Which muscles act as antagonists to hip extension? What is their action?
3.
Which muscles act as synergists to thigh flexion, abduction?
4.
Which main muscle group allows you to rise from a seated position?
5. What does the name sartorius mean?
6.
Which muscles act as antagonists to thigh flexion, abduction?
7. Which muscle is not very important in walking, but is most important for powerful extension of the hip such
as when climbing stairs or jumping? (Make a logical guess. See #1 for help.)
8. Which muscle is a prime mover of hip flexion and also acts as a postural muscle to
keep the upper body from falling backward when standing erect? What is its origin and
insertion?
9. Why is the gluteus maximus NOT a preferred site for intramuscular injections?
Which muscle IS the preferred site for these injections?
10. Which muscles flex the knee? List each.
11. Which muscle extends the knee and also helps to flex the hip joint?
12. (Internet) What is the most common cause of a hamstring pull? What is the
best therapy?
13. (Internet) What is a "Charley Horse"?
14. Which term does not belong (circle it)
vastus lateralis
knee extension
vastus medialis
biceps femoris
15. Jane forcefully extended her knee while running for an alley shot on the tennis court and pulled some muscles
in her posterior thigh compartment. Precisely what muscles were likely strained, and what is the medical term for
her condition? (Hint: see pg 148)
17. Mr. Smith, an out of shape 45 year old man, was advised by his doctor to lose weight and to exercise on a
regular basis. He followed his diet faithfully and began to jog daily. One day, while on his morning job, he heard
a snapping sound that was immediately followed by a severe pain in his right lower calf. When examined, a gap
was seen between his swollen upper calf region and his heel, and he was unable to plantar flex that ankle. What
do you think happened? Why was the upper part of his calf swollen? (Think about this one…not in book)
18. Name three thigh muscles that keep you astride a horse.
19. Most flexor muscles are located on the _________________ aspect of the body; most extensors are located
_____________________.
20. The bulk of the tissue of a muscle tends to lie ____________________ to the part of the body it causes to
move.
21. Name the major muscles responsible for the following: dorsiflexing the foot.
22. Which term does not belong (circle it)
tibialis posterior
fibularis longus
flexor digitorum longus
foot inversion
23. Where is the insertion of the tibialis anterior, which is able to invert the foot?
24. Where is the insertion of the fibularis longus, a foot everter?
25. (Internet) Which muscles have been strained when you get a "groin pull"?
26. The adductor magnus does two very different actions. Look at these as listed in
table 7.16.
What do you think the anterior part of the muscle does?
What do you think the posterior part does?