Download Anatomy checklist

Cardiovascular System (Heart)
Immediate and short
term effects of
exercise
Be able to define and explain each:
 Increased heart rate
 Systolic/diastolic blood pressure
 Increased blood pressure
Long term and effects Be able to define and explain each:
of regular exercise
 Cardiac Output (HR x SV = CO)
 Decreased resting HR
 Faster recovery
 Increased stroke volume
 Increased size of heart
 Effects on blood pressure
 Healthy veins and arteries
Rest
Diet
Recreational Drugs
Useful definitions
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Required for adaptation to take place
Time to recover before next session
Effects on blood pressure
Effects on cholesterol HDL & LDL
Effects of alcohol and smoking/nicotine on blood
pressure
Heart Rate
Stroke volume
Cardiac Output
Blood Pressure
Respiratory System (Lungs)
Immediate and short
term effects of
exercise
Be able to define and explain each:
 Increased breathing rate
 Increased depth of breathing
 Oxygen Debt
Long term and effects Be able to define and explain each:
of regular exercise
 Increased lung capacity/volume
 Increased vital capacity
Recreational Drugs
 Effects of alcohol and smoking/nicotine on the alveoligaseous exchange
 Oxygen Debt
Useful definitions
 Breathing Rate
 Vital Capacity
 Tidal Volume
Muscular System
Name all muscles
(deltoid, trapezius, latissimus dorsi, pectorals,
biceps, triceps, abdominals, quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteals,
gastrocnemius)
Role of muscles and
 Agonist
how they work
 Antagonist
Immediate and short Be able to define and explain each:
term effects of
 isometric and isotonic contractions
exercise
 responses – increased fuel/energy demands, lactic acid,
muscle fatigue
Long term and effects Be able to define and explain each:
of regular exercise
 increased strength
 increased size/hypertrophy
Risk of injuries
 muscle strain
 muscle atrophy(due to injury and inactivity),
 treatment using common techniques e.g. R.I.C.E
Rest
 Required for adaptation to take place
 Time to recover before next session
Diet
 effects of protein in building and repairing muscles
Performance
 use of steroids to aid muscle building and recovery
Enhancing Drugs
 Isometric
Useful definitions
 Isotonic
 Agonist
 Antagonist
Skeletal System
 Movement
 support
 protection
Ranges of movement Hinge joint (elbow and knee)
 Flexion & Extension
Ball and Socket joint at (shoulder & hip)
 flexion, extension, rotation, abduction, adduction
Long term and effects Be able to define and explain each:
of regular exercise
 Increased bone density
 Increased strength of ligaments and tendons
Importance of
 exercises such as walking, running, tennis and aerobics
weight-bearing
to prevent osteoporosis
exercise
Diet
 effect of calcium and vitamin D on bones
Potential for injuries Fractures
 compound,
 greenstick,
 simple,
 stress
Joint injuries
 tennis elbow & golfer’s elbow,
 dislocation,
 sprain,
 torn cartilage
Treatment - RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)
 Osteoporosis
Functions of the
skeleton
Useful definitions