* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Review Packet Honors Chemistry Kovacs
Survey
Document related concepts
Nuclear binding energy wikipedia , lookup
Atomic nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Computational chemistry wikipedia , lookup
X-ray fluorescence wikipedia , lookup
Transition state theory wikipedia , lookup
Photoelectric effect wikipedia , lookup
Chemical bond wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthetic reaction centre wikipedia , lookup
Wave–particle duality wikipedia , lookup
Chemical thermodynamics wikipedia , lookup
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy wikipedia , lookup
Resonance (chemistry) wikipedia , lookup
Rutherford backscattering spectrometry wikipedia , lookup
History of molecular theory wikipedia , lookup
Molecular dynamics wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Name______________ Date________________ Mr. Carter’s Integrated Science Class Final Study Guide 2011 The final exam will be in class on Wednesday, June 22nd and Thursday, June 23rd I can solve scientific calculations and answer comprehension questions about the material that we learned this year in integrated science. 1 – Does not meet standard 2- Approaches Standard 3- Meets Standard 4- Exceeds Standard I need to work harder next I could do a little better in I did a good job in this class. I ROCKED this class. year. I did not receive credit science class. I am mostly able to perform I am entirely able to perform for this class. I am mostly able to perform mathematical calculations mathematical calculations I am mostly unable to perform mathematical calculations using SI units, science using SI units, science mathematical calculations using SI units, science formulae, and scientific formulae, and scientific using SI units, science formulae, and scientific notation. I also can describe notation. I also can describe formulae, and scientific notation. I also can describe all the concepts we learned all the concepts we learned notation. I can’t describe most most the concepts we learned this year and answer basic this year and answer the concepts we learned this this year and answer most questions about those challenging questions about year and answer most basic basic questions about those concepts. those concepts. questions about those concepts. concepts. Unit 1: Experimental Design DIRECTIONS: Set up the following experiment. “Carlos is interested in seeing if chewing a lot of a special gum with an ingredient called xylitol (its in Trident and other brands) helps reduce the number of cavities. Xylitol cannot be eaten by the bacteria that live in the mouth and cause cavities. He gets 1000 people and splits them up evenly into 5 groups. He does this randomly. He has one group of people never chew Trident or any gum with xylitol, He has the other 4 groups chew 1 stick, 2 sticks, or 3 sticks a day. Here are his results. ” Group No Xylitol Gum 1 stick/day 2 sticks/day 3 sticks/day 4 sticks/day Average # of cavities after one year per person 1.20 0.80 0.75 0.60 0.60 Experimental question__________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Hypothesis__________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Independent variable______________ Dependent variable ______________ Experimental Control______________ Number of trials conducted______________ Controlled variables (6) ____________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ Sketch a graph of the results below. Unit 2: Latin and Greek Roots DIRECTIONS: Define the following roots briefly. Then describe the whole word. Bi________ Geo________ Ped__________ Biped__________ Logy__________ Geology__________ Thermo________ Meter__________ Thermometer__________ Hypo________ Thermic__________ Hypothermic__________ Micro________ Meter__________ Micrometer__________ Photo________ Graph__________ Photograph__________ Hydro________ Phile__________ Hydrophillic__________ Anthro________ logy__________ Anthropology__________ Tri________ Dent__________ Trident__________ Auto________ Phile__________ Autophile__________ Exo________ Therm__________ Exothermic__________ Macro________ Morph __________ Macromorph__________ Chloro________ Derm__________ Chloroderm__________ Patri________ Cide__________ Patricide__________ Hetero________ Troph__________ Heterotroph__________ Unit 3: SI Units SI Units: Write in the correct SI unit for the following. Volume____ Mass____ Time ____ Distance____ Temperature____ Calculations: Give the answer to the following. Show your work (including units). 1) 0.0050 L = _________ mL Work: 2) 5.42 m = _________ mm Work: 3) – 100 °C = _________ K Work: 4) 2.5 min = _________ s Work: 5) 160,000 g = _________ kg Work: 6) 1 hours = ___ s Work: 7) 293 K = _________ °C Work: 8) 0.045 Kg = _________ mg Work: Unit 4: Unit Analysis Directions: Write in the correct unit conversion factor for the following. Be sure to cancel your units. Then answer. Example- min to s: min * 60 s__ 1 min 1. 2 km to m: 2 km * ________ 2. 50,000 mL to L: 50,000 mL * ________ 3. 48 hours to days: 48 hours * ________ 4. 5 Dollars to cents: 5 Dollars * ________ 5. 48 inches to feet: 48 inches * _________ 6. 180 minutes to hours: 180 min * ________ 7. 24 Eggs to dozens: 24 Eggs * ________ 8. 60 kg to lbs: 120 kg * ________ 9. 120 km to miles: 60 km * ________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Answer=____________ Unit 5: Speed and Velocity Calculations: Calculate the following. Be sure that your answer has the correct units . Circle if the problem involves speed or velocity 1) Demetrius runs 1000 meters West in 200 seconds. How fast is he traveling? Velocity / Speed Answer = ________________ 2) Ashley travels 6 kilometers every 10 minutes on her bicycle. How fast is she traveling? Velocity / Speed Answer = ________________ 3) Ms. Stapleton runs at a velocity of 3 m/s south. How long does it take her to run 6 km? Velocity / Speed Answer = ________________ Calculations: Calculate the following. Be sure that your answer has the correct units. Show your work,including a VECTOR DIAGRAM. Dre runs 20 meters West in 4 seconds, then he runs 10m meters north in 2 seconds. He then runs 30 m South in 6 seconds and 20 m East in 4 seconds. 4) What is his average velocity? Answer = ________________ 5) What is his average speed? Answer = ________________ A car drives 100 km west, then 50 km South, then 100 km East, then 100 km North, then 50 km west and 50 km south. The whole trip takes 1 hour and 15 min. 6)What is its average velocity? Answer = ________________ 7) What is its average speed? Answer = ________________ Unit 6: Acceleration Calculations: Calculate the following. Be sure that your answer has the correct units ! Circle if the object is speeding up, slowing down, or moving at a constant velocity. 1. Starting Velocity = 12 m/s S Final Velocity = 2 m/s S Time = 5 s Acceleration = ___?_______ Speeding up / Slowing Down / Constant Velocity Answer = __ _____________ 2. Starting Velocity = 20 m/s S Final Velocity = 20 m/s S Time = 10 s Acceleration = ___?_______ Speeding up / Slowing Down / Constant Velocity 3. Starting Velocity = 0 m/s S Final Velocity = 12 m/s S Answer = __ _____________ Time = ___?_______ Acceleration = 3 m/s2 Speeding up / Slowing Down / Constant Velocity Answer = __ _____________ 4. Starting Velocity = ___?_____ Final Velocity = 16 m/s N Time = 5 s Acceleration = -4 m/s2 Speeding up / Slowing Down / Constant Velocity 5. Answer = __ ___________ Starting Velocity = 10 m/s W Final Velocity = ___?_______ Time = 6 s Acceleration = 4 m/s2 Speeding up / Slowing Down / Constant Velocity Answer = __ ___________ 6. Mr. Chute was jogging at a velocity of 3 m/s E. He slowly warms up to velocity of 6 m/s E after 30 seconds. What was his acceleration? Speeding up / Slowing Down / Constant Velocity Answer = _ _____________ 7. Mr. Nelson was driving his truck at a velocity of 16 m/s East. His acceleration is 0 m/s 2. How fast is he driving after 1 minute? Speeding up / Slowing Down / Constant Velocity Answer = __ __________ Unit 7: Forces Calculations: 3 points each. Calculate the following. Be sure that your answer has the correct units (1 point)!) 6. Force = ? Mass = 2 kg Acceleration = 3 m/s2 Answer = _______________ 7. Force = 120 N Mass = 10 g Acceleration = ? Answer = _______________ 8. Force = 40 kg*m/s2 Mass = ? Acceleration = 5 m/s2 Answer = _______________ 9. Force = 80 kg*m/s2 Mass = 20,000 g Acceleration = ? Answer = _______________ 10. Force = 40 N Mass = 200 kg Acceleration = ? Answer = _______________ 11. Force = 200 kg*m/s2 Mass = ? Acceleration = 5 m/s2 Answer = _______________ 12. Force = ? Mass = 10,000 g Acceleration = 3 m/s2 Answer = _______________ 13. Force = ? Mass = 10 kg Acceleration = 0 m/s2 Answer = _______________ 9) The acceleration due to gravity is 9.80 m/s2. A coyote pushes a 360 kg boulder off of a cliff. How much force does the falling boulder supply to the cartoon roadrunner’s head? Answer = ______________ 10) A block of metal is sliding across a frictionless surface. It has a mass of 7,500 g. Eventually it hits a wall with 15 kg *m/s2 of force. What was its acceleration? Answer = ______________ Unit 8: Force Diagrams Directions: Use the following choices to answer the following problems. a. Fg b. Fair c. Ft d. Fn e. Ff ____1. Which of the following is the reason that book does not fall through a desk? ____2. Which of the following slows down a hockey puck as it slides acr0ss ice? ____3. Which of the following makes a thrown bowling ball roll down the lane? ____4. Which of the following slows down a skydiver as they parachute down to earth? ____5. Which of the following makes a skydiver fall down to earth? ____6. Which of the following slows down a cart rolling down a dirt road? ____7. Which of the following ALSO slows down a cart rolling down a dirt road? f. Fapp Calculations: Calculate the following. Be sure that your answer has the correct units (1 point)! Draw a force diagram for each of the following problems. (include 4 forces). You may round the acceleration due to gravity to 10m/s2. 8. A man is standing in ice skates. His friend pushes him East with a force of 100 N. The man has a mass of 80 kg. The frictional force on the ice is 50N. There is 5N of air resistance in the ice rink. What is the net force on the man? Fnet = _______________ 9. Fnet = 100 N Up. A man throws a 15 kg Medicine ball upwards. There is 5 N of air resistance. How much force did the man apply to the ball? Fapp = _______________ 10. Fnet = 100 N West. A man is pushing a shopping cart West through the store. He is applying a 150 N force West to the cart. The cart and all of its contents have a combined mass of 60 kg. There is 5 N of air resistance. How much frictional force is the ground applying to the cart? Ff = _______________ Unit 9: Universal Gravitation and the Big Bang Mass and Weight problems: Calculate the following. Be sure that your answer has the correct units! Maria = 60,000 g. Fill out the following table. Acceleration Due to Gravity Earth 9.8 m/s2 The Moon 1.5 m/s2 Outer Space 0 m/s2 Maria’s Mass Maria’s Weight Answer the following questions using the table below. Name Mass (kg) Planet X Distance From “Planet X” (km) 0 Planet Y 700,000 5.90 * 1027 Planet Z 9,000,000 5.90 * 1027 3.90 * 1026 1028 Planet Q 60,000,000 1.90 * Planet R 60,000,000 4.05 * 1025 Star A 1,000,000,000,000 6.0 * 1032 Star B 5,000,000,000 6.0 * 1032 1. Which star does Planet X orbit? (which star has a stronger gravitational force on Planet X?) ______________________ 2. Which planet is Planet X LEAST attracted to? ______________________ 3. Which planet is Planet X MOST attracted to? ______________________ Multiple Choice: Answer the following by writing in the letter of the most appropriate answer. ____4. When Newton first proposed that the earth had gravitational force, this was a… a. Theory d. Untested idea b. Hypothesis e. Guess c. Fact ____5. No scientific idea will ever be a … a. Theory b. Hypothesis c. Fact ____6. When lots of scientists tested and revised Newton’s ideas, universal gravitation became a a(n)… a. Theory d. Untested idea b. Hypothesis e. Guess c. Fact ____7. Explain the relationship between the earth and the moon. a. The moon pulls the earth towards it b. The Earth pulls the moon toward it c. They both pull eachother ____8. According to Einstein, gravity works by… a. Pulling objects toward each other b. Bending space around an object c. Pushing objects toward each other d. Special relativity e. Nuclear Energy forces objects together Unit 10: Scientific Notation and Significant Figures Significant Figures: Write down the number of significant figures in each of the following. 1. 5.300 g ______ 2. 0.00600 L ______ 4. 16 thousand grams ____ 5. 93.10 K_____ 7. 5 * 103 people ______ 8. 0.00072 mL ____ 3. 5.2 m ______ 6. 6 million meters _____ Scientific Notation: Express the following data in scientific notation. Use the correct number of significant figures. 9. 0.00007 mL Work: Answer: __________________ 10. 9.1 K Work: Answer:__________________ 11. 0.0830 m Work: Answer: __________________ 12. 29,305 kg Work: Answer: __________________ 13. 546510 * 105 g Work: Answer: __________________ Conversions in scientific notation: Convert the following measurements. Express the measurement in scientific notation and use the correct number of significant figures. 14. 8.6 g to mg Work: Answer__________________ 15. 0.0004 kg to g Work: Answer__________________ 16. 3.1 * 102 m to km Work: Answer__________________ 17. 309,500 mm to m Work: Answer__________________ 18. 0.000051 kL to mL Work: Answer__________________ Comparing numbers in scientific notation: Convert the following measurements so that you can compare them. Then put them on the following number line. 19. 0 ∞ A. 5.0 * 10-6 m B. 593 * 10-5 m C. 0.00006 m 20. D. 5 * 0 ∞ 10-1 L E. 2.4 * 101 L F. 3/5 L Calculations: Express the following data in scientific notation. Use the correct number of significant figures. 21. (3.000 x 10-3 g)(7.0 x 106 g) Answer__________________ 22. (5 * 106 g) + (860 thousand grams) Answer__________________ 23. (2.400 x 10-9 mm) / (0.0000008 Answer__________________ mm) 25. (0.024 x 10-15 m) - (2.124 x 10-18 m) Answer__________________ 26. There are about 24 million milliliters of milk in a tank at the dairy. It takes 200 milliliters to fill a carton of milk. How many cartons can the tank fill? Answer:__________________ 27. A contractor has enough asphalt to pave a road 4 km long and 20 meters wide. What is the area of the road in meters squared? Answer:__________________ Unit 11: Atoms Atomic Model: Draw a Bohr Model of the following element. Include and label the correct number of protons, electrons, and neutrons. Make sure that the electrons are in the correct energy levels. Phosphorus Lewis Dot Diagrams: Write down the NUMBER of the following in the element (2 points). Then, create a Lewis dot Diagram for the elements . Calcium Protons = _____ Neutrons = ____ Total Electrons = ____ Valence Electrons = ____ Mass = ____ amus Sulfur Protons = ______ Neutrons = _____ Total Electrons = _____ Valence Electrons = _____ Mass =_____ amus Lewis Dot Diagram Lewis Dot Diagram Subatomic Particles: Fill out the following table Charge Where it can be found in an atom Mass in grams (use one of these numbers*) Proton Neutron Electron *Possible masses: 12 g, 1.5 * 1022 g, 1.7 * 10-24g, 9.1 * 10-28g, 0.00052g, Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the most correct choice in the space provided. _____1. One molecule of CH4 has how many atoms? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 D. 3 E. 4 F. 5 _____2. One molecule of CO2 has how many elements? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 D. 3 E. 4 F. 5 ____3. One molecule of O2 has how many elements? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 D. 3 E. 4 F. 5 ____4. Which of these elements has the most mass? a. Br b. He c. N D. P E. Cs F. F 1.8 * 10-5g _____5. An atom’s ability to undergo chemical reactions is determined by its… a. valence electrons b. innermost electrons c. neutrons d. protons _____6. A _________ is a brief explanation of something in the natural world that is widely accepted and supported by lots of evidence. It can be summed up in one sentence. a. Truth b. Hypothesis c. Theory d. Guess e. Law ____7. A _________ is a prediction of what you think will happen in an experiment that is NOT supported by any evidence. a. Truth b. Hypothesis c. Theory d. Guess e. Law ____8. Which of these elements is a metal? a. I b. He c. N D. P E. Ca F. F ____9. Which of these elements is a noble gas? a. Br b. Xe c. H D. O E. Cs F. Al ____10. Which of these elements is most likely a non-metal? a. liquid, conducts electricity, shiny b. Solid, dull, conducts electricity c. Gas, dull, doesn’t conducts electricity d. Solid, shiny, doesn’t conduct electricity E. none of them F. All of them _____11. Which of the following is not part of the quantum theory? a. electrons can only occupy certain energy levels b. electrons cannot move to the next energy level until the previous level is full c. electrons can sometimes be found between energy levels e. electrons can only jump from one level to the next ____12. All noble gasses (with one exception) all have 8 electrons in their outermost shell. The exception (Helium) has how many? a. 8 b. 7 c. 6 D. 5 E. 4 F. 3 G. 2 F. 1 Short Answer: Write a complete answer to the following questions in the spaces provided. 13. Write the Atomic Theory below (you may paraphrase) _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Unit 12: Energy 1st Law: Copy down the 1st Law of Thermodynamics from memory:______________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 2nd Law: Copy down the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics from memory:______________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 8 Types of Energy: Write the names of the 8 types of energy in the spaces provided. ___________________________ ____________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________ Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the most correct choice in the space provided. _____1. Which of the following describes nuclear fusion? a. 2 small atoms form one big atom d. A Molecule breaks a bond, forming 2 atoms b. 2 atoms form a chemical bond to form a molecule e. all of them c. One big atom breaks into 2 smaller atoms F. Just A,B, and C _____2. Which of the following is an exothermic chemical reaction? a. 2 small atoms form one big atom d. A Molecule breaks a bond, forming 2 atoms b. 2 atoms form a chemical bond to form a molecule e. all of them c. One big atom breaks into 2 smaller atoms F. Just A,B, and C _____3. Which of the following is endothermic? a. 2 small atoms form one big atom d. A Molecule breaks a bond, forming 2 atoms b. 2 atoms form a chemical bond to form a molecule e. all of them c. One big atom breaks into 2 smaller atoms F. Just A,B, and C _____4. What happens to the chemical potential energy in a stick of dynamite when it explodes? a. it stays the same c. it disappears b. it gets converted to chemical energy d. it gets converted to thermal energy _____5. Which of the following is a difference between sound and light? a. Light is a wave, sound is not d. Light can travel through empty space b. Light travels faster than sound e. A and C c. Light is a type of energy, sound is not F. B and D ____6. Which of the following is NOT true? a. molecules stop moving at 0K d. “Cold” does not exist b. Thermal energy moves from ice cube to hand e. A and C c. Thermal energy is a measure of molecular movement F. B and D ____7. Which of the following is NOT true? a. the molecules in solid are moving slowly b. solids have low thermal energy c. the molecules in gas are moving fast d. Gases have low thermal energy e. A and C F. B and D ____8. Which of the following is true? a. Energy can be lost b. Useful energy can never be lost c. Energy can never change forms d. Useful energy can be lost e. A and C F. B and D ____9. Energy is the -A. amount of matter contained in a system B. ability of a system to do work C. total friction within a system D. amount of heat contained in a system Energy Conversions: Write the names of the 8 types of energy in the spaces provided, so that the following energy transformations make sense. 10. Photosynthesis is the process plants use to convert sunlight, CO 2 and H2O into glucose and oxygen. Cellular respiration is the process where organisms (such as humans and cows) convert oxygen and glucose to usable energy, water, and carbon dioxide. The Sun (hydrogen atoms to light) Grass (sunlight to glucose) Cow (glucose to movement) __________ to ____________ ___________to ____________ ___________to ____________ 11. Mr. Carter eats some carrots. What type of energy do the carrots have?______________ The carrots are converted to three types of energy in his body. _____________ Warms Mr. Carter’s internal temperature up to 98.3 °F (37°C) and keeps it at a constant temperature. Mr. Carter store some of the energy from the carrots as fat in his body. This is ___________ energy. _____________ Gives Mr. Carter the energy to move his body. Mr. Carter uses that energy to throw a Frisbee high up into the air. What type of energy does the Frisbee now have?_______________ 12. Gasoline is burned in a car’s engine. What type of energy does the gasoline have?______________ The gasoline is converted to heat. What type of energy was the gasoline converted to?_________________ The heat moves the pistons in the car’s engine causing the wheels to turn. What type of energy was the heat converted to?___________________ 13. Sunlight is produced in the sun from ___________ energy. Sunlight is _____________ energy. When the sunlight reaches the water on the earth’s surface, it makes the water molecules vibrate. The sunlight was converted to __________ energy. The water molecules evaporate, when they reach the atmosphere, they lose thermal energy and fall as rain. Then the water droplets form streams and rivers and flow downhill because of their ____________ energy. When the water flows through a dam, it turn a turbine (a big wheel) and is transformed into ___________ energy. The turbine is attached to some a generator, which sends ____________ energy through some power lines. The power lines connect the dam to an apartment. The T.V. in the apartment converts the energy to __________energy and ____________energy. Calculations: Write the answer in the space provided. Include units. 14. A man lifts a barbell above his head. 65 kJ of mechanical energy was required to lift it. The Barbell now has how much gravitational energy? Answer___________ 15. A car converts only 25% of the chemical energy from gasoline into mechanical energy and electrical energy. If a gallon of gasoline contains 1.3 * 108 J of chemical energy, how much of this becomes nonuseful heat? Answer___________ Unit 13: Chemical Reactions Bonding Diagrams: Create Lewis Structures (Dot Diagrams) for the given compounds. Say whether the compound is ionic or covalent. Write in the Chemical Formula and name of the compound produced. 1) Bromine + Nitrogen → Lewis Structure Covalent or Ionic:_______ Chemical Formula:_________ Compound Name:____________ 2) Calcium + Fluorine → Lewis Structure Covalent or Ionic:_______ Chemical Formula:_________ Compound Name:____________ 3) 2 Oxygen atoms → Lewis Structure Covalent or Ionic:_______ Chemical Formula:________ Compound Name:____________ 4) Oxygen + Aluminum → Lewis Structure Covalent or Ionic:_______ Chemical Formula:_________ Compound Name:____________ Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the most correct choice in the space provided. _____5. What are the reactants in the following chemical equation? HCl + NaOH ----> H2O + NaCl a. HCl and NaOH b. H2O and NaCl c. HCl and NaCl ___6. What is the charge of a Magnesium Ion? a. + b. c. 2+ d. 2e. 3+ f. No Charge ____7. What is the charge of a molecule of MgCl2? a. + b. c. 2+ d. 2e. 3+ f. No Charge d. H2O and NaOH ____8. Which of the following elements would form a covalent bond? a. Mg and O c. Ar and S e. I and K b. Ni and Ca d. H and F f. None of them ____9. What is the bond between the two carbons in a molecule of C2H4? a. single b. double c. triple d. ionic e. James ___10. Which of the following is endothermic? a. A candle burning d. A chemical handwarmer giving off heat b. Breaking a chemical bond e. none of them c. Forming a chemical bond f. all of them _____11. During a chemical reaction… a. new elements are produced b. new molecules are produced c. atoms are destroyed d. elements are destroyed Balancing Chemical Equations: Balance the following equations, then write in the balanced chemical equation in the space provided. 12. _____ Zn + _____ HCl → _____ ZnCl2 + _____ H2 13. _____C2H6S + _____O2 _____CO2 + _____H2O + _____SO2 14. _____ H3PO4 → _____ H4P2O7 + _____ H2O Unit 14: Sunlight Short Answer: Answer the following with complete sentences and real data. 1. Discuss the life cycle of a star. Include the birth, life, and death. Calculations: Solve the following problems. Use the right. The speed of light (c) is 3.0 * 108 m/s. There are 109 nanometers in a meter. 2. Frequency___1.5 * 1021 /s_________ Wavelength __________________ Type of Light __________________ 3. Frequency___________________ Wavelength ___3.0 * 10-4 m__ Type of Light __________________ 4. Frequency___6.0 * 1014 /s_________ Wavelength __________________ Type of Light __________________ table at Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the most correct choice in the space provided. _____5. Which of the following is a difference between sound and light? a. Light is a wave, sound is not d. Light can travel through empty space b. Light travels faster than sound e. A and C c. Light is a type of energy, sound is not F. B and D ______6. What color of visible light do plants NOT use for photosynthesis? A. Red B. Orange C. Yellow D. Green E. Blue F. Indigo G. Violet H. All of them I. None of them ______7. What color of visible light does a white tee shirt absorb? A. Red B. Orange C. Yellow D. Green E. Blue F. Indigo G. Violet H. All of them I. None of them ______8. What color of visible light does a black tee shirt absorb? A. Red B. Orange C. Yellow D. Green E. Blue F. Indigo G. Violet H. All of them I. None of them ______9. What type of light wave has the longest wavelength? A. Gamma Rays B. X-rays C. UltraViolet D. Visible Light E. Infrared F. Radio ______10. What is the most common type of light that our sun produces? A. Gamma Rays B. X-rays C. UltraViolet D. Visible Light E. Infrared F. Radio ______11. What type of light wave would be the most damaging to your body? A. Gamma Rays B. X-rays C. UltraViolet D. Visible Light E. Infrared F. Radio ______12. What type of light wave has the highest frequency? A. Gamma Rays B. X-rays C. UltraViolet D. Visible Light F. Radio E. Infrared Use the picture at right to answer the following question ______13. A wave beginning at point “A” ends at which A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G.G point? ______14. A red flower appears to be red because it ____________ red light? A. Absorbs B. Reflects C. Refracts D. Destroys E. Creates ______15. When it is December here in Washington (47°N), what season is it in Kenya (0°N)? A. Summer B. Fall C. Winter D. Spring E. They don’t have seasons there ______16. When it is October here in Washington (47°N), what season is it in France (47°N)? A. Summer B. Fall C. Winter D. Spring E. They don’t have seasons there ______17. What are the products of the nuclear fusion in the Sun’s core? A. Oxygen B. Helium and radiant energy C. Carbon D. Hydrogen ______18. What are the reactants of nuclear fusion in the Sun’s core? A. Oxygen B. Helium and radiant energy C. Carbon D. Hydrogen E. Iron, Nickel, and Zinc E. Iron, Nickel, and Zinc Unit 15: Environments 1. Create a sample growth curve graph for ANY biological population below. Label the axes, include the carrying capacity, and label the places where the population is in exponential growth and exponential decay. 2. What is an invasive species? Why can they be bad for the health of ecosystems? 3. What happens to an ecosystem where there are no predators? How are predators good for the health of prey? 4. How is cutting down trees and burning fuel doubly bad for climate change? _____5. What organisms are responsible for the majority of the photosynthesis on Earth? a. Trees b. Consumers c. Animals d. Heterotrophs e. Algae f. Decomposers 6. Fill In the carbon cycle below. O2 CO2 H2O 7. Draw a pie chart that shows the relative proportions of autotrophs, herbivores, and carnivores in an ecosystem below. 8. Write the balanced formula for aerobic cellular respiration below 9. Write the formula for photosynthesis below 10. Write the formula for combustion below 11. How do you (personally) contribute to global climate change? Full-year Essays 1. What is the difference between a scientific hypothesis, theory, and law?______________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 2. Describe Newton’s 3 laws of Motion.______________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. What is global climate change? Include the causes and effects. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. What is global climate change? Include the causes and effects. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 5. Support the following statement: “Eating a vegan diet (no animal products) requires less energy than a diet when people eat animals and animal products.”_____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Explain the big bang theory and Cite at least 2 pieces to support the big bang theory. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________