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Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb • • • • • • • • Coxa Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges Coxa • Have 2 • Pelvis • 3 portions: – Ilium: top portion – Ischium: bottom posterior, supports weight while sitting – Pubis: bottom anterior portion Ilium Portion of Coxa • Iliac Crest: muscles attach here • Anterior Superior Iliac Spine: muscles attach here Ischium portion of coxa • Ischial Tuberosity: flattened roughened area – muscles attachment site • Ischial Spine: muscles attach, on posterior side Pubic portion of coxa • Acetabulum: articulates with head of femur • Obturator Foramen: largest foramen in body, arteries through here • Pubic Arch • Symphysis Pubis Femur • Have 2 • Largest, heaviest bone in body • Head: articulates with coxa Femur • Greater Trochanter: • Lesser Trochanter: on posterior/medial side b/c of way gluteal muscles cross • Linea Aspera: attachment for muscles, on posterior • Lateral and Medial Condyle: articulates with tibia Patella • Have 2 • Kneecap • Forms within the Quadriceps femoris tendon Tibia • Lower leg • Medial and anterior • Lateral & Medial Condyle: articulate with femur • Tibial Tuberosity: attachment for patellar ligament • Medial Malleolus: articulates with talus Fibula • Have 2 • Posterior and lateral • Head • Lateral Malleolus: articulates with talus Foot • • • • 26 bones in each foot Tarsals = 7 Metatarsals = 5 Phalanges = 14 Tarsals • • • • • • Ankle Talus Calcaneus Navicular Cuboid Lateral, Intermediate, and Medial Cuneiform Metatarsals • 5 in each foot • Make up sole and arch of foot • Numbered 1-5, starting at the Great Toe – Metatarsal 1, etc… Phalanges • 14 in each foot • Great Toe has 2: – Proximal and Distal • All other toes have 3: – Proximal, Middle and Distal • Numbered 1-5 starting at Great Toes Hyoid Bone • Inferior to Skull • Not in direct contact with any bone • Attachment for muscles of tongue and larynx Auditory Ossicles • 3 tiny bones: – Malleus: connected to ear drum “hammer” – Incus: “anvil” – Stapes: conducts vibrations to inner ear “stirrup” • From lateral to medial