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Download Chapter 7: Roman Art Chapter Sheet Preview: The Roman Empire
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Chapter 7: Roman Art Chapter Sheet Preview: The Roman Empire was the most expansive and powerful of the ancient world, and its cultural productions, architectural forms, social and legal structures, and language has indelibly marked the Western world as we know it today. The empire dates from 753, with the establishment of the city of Rome in Italy. The early monarchy gave rise to the Roman Republic, established in 509 BCE. The early Roman Empire dates to 27 BCE and the rule of Augustus, followed by the High Empire of 96-192 CE. The Late Empire, 193-337 CE, came to an end when Constantine, the first Christian emperor, moved the capital of the Empire from Rome to Constantinople. At its height, the Roman Empire spanned three continents, and its former territory is marked by monumental works of art, architecture, and engineering still visible today. Roman sculptors were avid followers of the Ancient Greeks, though they developed a distinctive realist style. Early Roman architecture blended forms from the Etruscans and the Greeks, but the Romans were above all architectural innovators, using concrete on a monumental scale, exploiting the structural possibilities of the arch, vault, and dome, and developing building types such as the basilica and amphitheater. Chapter 7 List of Artworks (10 Cue Cards) 1. Chapter 7 Roman Context Card (dates, periods, Geography, key locations, key figures, religion, government, new developments, stylistic developments ) 2. Roman concrete construction (All construction types and vocabulary associated with roman construction-- pg. 184 barrel vault groin vault fenestrated sequence of groin vaults hemispherical dome with oculus Roman Republic: 3. Head of an old man, from Osimo, mid-first century BCE--pg. 186 Head of a Roman Patrician, Republican Roman c. 75-50 BCE, Marble—Not in book Pompeii and the Cities of Vesuvius: 4. House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, second century BCE, rebuilt 62-79 CE-- Pg. 190-191 o Atrium of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy o Roman House architecture, restored view and plan Early Empire: 5. Portrait of Augustus as general, from Primaporta, Italy, early-first-century CE copy of a bronze original of ca. 20 BCE— pg. 198 6. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater), Rome, Italy, ca. 70-80 CE—pg. 203-204 High Empire: 7. Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, dedicated 112 CE—pg. 208-209 Markets of Trajan, Rome, Italy, ca. 100-112 CE 8. Column of Trajan, Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, dedicated 112 CE--pg. 208-209 Sculptural details, Column of Trajan: 9. Pantheon (exterior), Rome, Italy, 118-125 CE—Pg. 210-211 Pantheon (interior), Rome, Italy, 118-125 CE Restored cutaway view and lateral section of the Pantheon, Rome, Italy, 118-125 CE Late Empire: 10. Battle of Romans and barbarians (Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus), from Rome, Italy, ca. 250-260 CE—Pg. 223 1 Chapter 7: Roman Art Chapter Sheet Key Social & Political Terms: senate, consul, dictator, patricians, plebeian, Augustus, princeps, imperator, pontifex maximus, Pax Romana, castrum, tetrarchy Key Figures: Severus, Celer, Apollodorus of Damascus, Zenodorus, Iaia of Cyzicus Key Art Terms: imagines, verism, Cuirass, denarius, apotheosis, damnatio memoriae, decursio, kline, tondi Key Painting Terms: skenographia, atmospheric perspective, monochromatic, still-life, cestrum, encaustic, tempera, tondo, August Mau, “Pompeian Styles” (First Style [Masonry Style], Second Style, Third Style, Fourth Style) Key Architectural Terms: concrete, caementa, revetment, forum, cardo, decumanus, Capitolium, basilica, nave, aisles, amphitheater, cavea, arena, exedra, aqueduct, attic, rusticated, incrustation, travertine, triumphal arch, arcuated, Composite capitals, spandrel, taberna, insulae Temples: Etruscan pattern, pseudo-peripteral, tholos Houses: patronus, cliens domus, fauces, atrium, impluvium, cubicula, alae, tablinum, triclinium, peristyle garden Roman concrete construction: concrete, barrel (or tunnel) vault, groin (or cross) vault, pier, clerestory, fenestration, dome, drum, oculus Baths: tepidarium, caldarium, frigidarium, palaestra, natatio 2 3