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Biology 11
DNA & Protein synthesis Assignment
A. Chemistry of Genetic Material
1.
a. Draw and Label a double helix of DNA with adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, deoxyribose
sugar and phosphate.
b. Define and describe the importance of each of the following terms.
i. DNA Ligase
ii. Helicase
iii. DNA polymerase
2.
Draw and describe these terms.
a. complementary base pairing
b.
pentose sugar
c.
phosphate
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d.
sides of the ladder
e.
rungs of the ladder
f.
nucleotide
g.
deoxyribose
B. Genetic Maintenance
3.
Explain what semi-conservative means in DNA replication
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C. Genetic Materials and Protein Production
4. Where will transcription occur in the cell? Draw and Label the process of transcription including the
following terms:
a. RNA polymerase
b. complementary
c. Promoter sequence
d. Terminating sequence
5. Once the mRNA has been constructed during transcription, describe what happens to it. Ie) How is it
processed?
6. Draw and label the process of translation using following terms. Then write a paragraph describing the
steps involved in protein synthesis. The following terms must be highlighted or underlined in your
paragraph.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
mRNA
codon formation
translation
tRNA/anticodon/amino acid
initiation
elongation
termination
polypeptide chain
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D. Mutations
7. Explain the 3 main types of mutations:
-Addition
-Substitution
-Deletion
E. Recombinant DNA
8.
a. Define.
b. Briefly describe the process that produces r-DNA
c. How is r-DNA used in current research and medical science
d. Explain how the pGlo plasmid works. Ie) What specifically about the plasmid and the process you
did in the lab allowed the bacteria to glow in the dark?
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