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DCCT 4020 –BROADBAND COMMUNICATIONS FINAL ASSIGNMENT NAME: _____________________________ STUDENT #: _____________________________ Hyder Khoja P.Eng 1. Sonet operates on a clock called-----------------whose accuracy is --------parts in one billion parts. 2. All clocks of T-carrier system are synchronized with a reference clock. T- F 3. Plesichronous and synchronous mean one and the same thing. T- F 4. One of the main advantages of SONET is that it allows synchronous ------------- of asynchronous payloads. 5 What do the following abbreviations stand for: SDH:----------------------------------------DCS:----------------------------------------SPE:-----------------------------------------6. SONET’s highest transport rate is ---------------------------Gbps 7. The equipment responsible for converting user payload into a standard STS Format is called ---------------------. 8. The user portion of SPE contains -----------------------bytes. 9. The purpose of the virtual tributaries is to allow --------------to be carried in an SPE. (more than one answers) a) STS-1 signals b) sub STS-1 signals c) CEPT-1 signals d) OC-3 signals e) ATM cells 10. There are ------------VT1.5 or --------------VT6 or -----------------VT2 or -----------VT3 in a VT group 11. Each VT group data rate is-------------------Mbps. 12. When an SPE is used to carry VT groups, what is carried in the first column of The SPE.-----------------------13. When the input is running slower than the frame, the transmitter will: (a) Invert D bits (b) Perform Negative justification (c) Inserts stuff byte after H3 (d) Decrement pointer value by one (e) None of the above Fig below shows the contents of payload pointer for normal operation. Assuming that the input is running slower than the frame, show the contents of the H1,H2, H3 bytes and the location of the start of payload after the transmitter performs frequency justification. N D F I D I D I D I D I D 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 14. Name two functions performed by section overhead that are not performed by line overhead. ------------------------------------------15. Which overhead bytes compensate for timing variations. ---------- ---------- ----16. The C1 value for the 7th STS-1 signal in an STS 12 frame would be -----------------. 17. List three types of commercially available SONET equipment. ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------18. List four most popular OC rates in North America. ---------- ---------- ---------- ATM TEST - Part 1 1. Circle true or false: (a) ATM is a connection oriented service T-F (b) ATM does not provide any flow control between the user and the network T-F (c) Routing and multiplexing in ATM is the responsibility of the AAL layer T-F (d) The term Asynchronous in ATM means variable data rates T - F (e) A VPI can carry up to 212 VCI’s T-F 2. Fill in the blanks. (a) User information is converted into ATM format by the _____________________________ sublayer. (b) In an ATM network, cell switching and routing is the responsibility of the _____________________________ layer. (c) Cell delineation and frame generation in ATM is the responsibility of the _____________________________ sublayer. (d) Disassembly and assembly of user traffic is the responsibility of the _____________________________ sublayer of the ATM. (e) In ATM, flow control and cell multiplexing is performed by _____________________________ layer. 3. ATM implements following layers: (a) Physical and data link (b) Physical and network (c) Physical and AAL (d) Physical, ATM, and AAL 4. Show how ATM AAL5 will process 280 bytes of Data. Show complete segmentation, number of Cells required and the number of padding bytes. Show the contents of last cell. How would the receiver now it is the last cell? 5. Which of the following application does not require a timing relationship between the transmitter and the receiver? (a) Compressed video (b) Circuit emulation (c) DSI signal carrying PCM voice (d) Constant bit rate video (e) X.25 traffic 6. Which AAL type processes constant bit rate voice and video? (a) AAL 3/4 (b) AAL 2 (c) AAL 1 (d) AAL 5 (e) none of the above 7. A VPI is logically equivalent to: (a) The subscriber’s loop in a public telephone network (b) An individual telephone line (c) A telephone cable carrying several circuits terminating in a central office. (d) Twisted wire pair carrying a telephone conversation. (e) None of the above. 8. The unassigned cells in an ATM network are used. (a) to fill the available band width (b) to adapt the speed of transmission to the required application (c) to align the boundaries of bit transmission (d) for network diagnostics functions (e) for network internal communications ADSL 1 .____________ has a higher transmission rate in the downstream direction than in the upstream direction. (a) (b) (c) (d) VDSL ADSL SDSL (a) and (b) 2. ____________is suitable for businesses that require comparable upstream and downstream data rates (e) VDSL (f) ADSL (g) SDSL (h) (a) and (b) 3. DMT is a modulation scheme that combines elements of _______ and _______ (a) (b) (c) (d) Hyder khoja FDM; TDM QDM;QAM FDM;QAM PSK; FSK Page 4 4 6/28/2017 4. The largest portion of the bandwidth for ADSL carries______________ (a) Voice communication (b) Upstream Data © Downstream data (d) Control Data 5. ____________ is a device at the Telephone company site that can packetize data to be sent to the ISP server (a) (b) (c) (d) A DSLAM An ADSL Modem A Filter A Splitter 6. . __________________ Encoded Data is more susceptible to attenuation than ________ encoded data (a) (b) (c) (d) An AMI ; a 2B2Q A 2B1Q ; an AMI An AMI ; a 2B1Q None of the above 7 .The practical upper limit of length of ADSL is ____________. a. 6,000 ft b. 12,000 ft c. 18,000 ft d. 36,000 ft 8. The DSLs that target symmetric transmission applications include all but which of the following? e. f. g. h. i. MSDSL HDSL ADSL SDSL ISDN 9. Which of the following statements about VDSL is not true? j. k. l. m. VDSL is both symmetric and asymmetric VDSL has a longer range in the loop VDSL is nearly ten times faster than ADSL VDSL is over thirty times faster than HDSL 9. In ADSL, channels _______ to _________ are reserved for upstream transmission Hyder khoja Page 5 5 6/28/2017 a. 6 to 30 b. 31 to 255 c. 30 to 254 d. 5 to 31 e. 4 to 30 10. The maximum theoretical downstream BW for Cable Modems is: a. 30MHZ b. 6MHZ c. 42MHZ d. 60MHZ VOIP 1. List 3 functions performed by a Gateway: ___________________ __________________________ ______________________ 2. A Gatekeeper performs which of the following functions: a. b. c. d. e. 56. Admission Control Capability Negotiations Call Setup Call Termination User Location Name a device needed to manage Multiparty conferences: ___________ 57. Specify 3 most important QoS parameters for VOIP conversation. _________________ ____________________ ______________________ 58.Sketch a diagram showing how a VOIP system is constructed for a Phone –to Phone Call. 60. Sketch a PBX based VOIP Network linking the branch office a major corporation with its head office. Hyder khoja Page 6 6 6/28/2017 61.Sketch a diagram showing the essential components of VOIP protocol Stack. 62. In addition to digitization, list 5 vital functions required for a viable VOIP Network implementation. ___________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ___________________________ 65. Which of the following protocols is used to carry the Signalling messages over VOIP Network a. b. c. d. e. f. TCP RSVP UDP Q.931 IP None of the above 66. ITU-T recommends which of the following CODEC for Video transmission a. G.711 b. H.261 c. G.723 d. G.729 e. H.263 f. (b) & (e) g. G.722 67. Which of the following CODEC can carry maximum number of calls in the available BW. a. G.711 b. G.722 Hyder khoja Page 7 7 6/28/2017 c. G.729 d. G.723 e. G.721 69. Maximum tolerable jitter for a VOIP call is a. 200 ms b. 250ms c. 300ms d. 150ms e. 100ms 71. For a VOIP call, jitter is defined as : a. b. c. d. e. Time delay between the transmission and reception of a voice packet The number of packet lost The number of missequenced packets Variation in the arrival time of VOIP packets at the receiver None of the above 72. Excessive jitter manifests itself as : __________________________________ 74. SIP is a newer protocol proposed by: a. b. c. d. e. ITU-T ITEF ANSI IEEE ISO 76. SIP is a _______________ Protocol a. b. c. d. e. Signalling Media transmission Transport Routing None of the above 77. SIP provides following functions: a. b. c. d. e. f. Call Setup Call Management Capability exchange mechanism User location All of the above None of the above Hyder khoja Page 8 8 6/28/2017 78. SIP works in conjunction with: Name at least 3 additional protocols. ________________ ______________________ _________________________ 81. Show, with the help of a sketch, the encapsulation of SIP data 82. SIP uses a _____________/_______________ Model with ___________/_________. 83. List 4 essential components of SIP Architecture. _________________ _________________ ________________ ________________ 84. SIP signaling messages are created by USER _________ Process and response are created by a USER _____________ Process. 87. SIP messages consist of a ______________ and a Body 88. SIP addresses look like an ____________ address with the word __________ added in the front MPLS SECTION: 1. MPLS converts (a) L2 routing into L3 Switching (b) L3 switching into L2 Routing (c) L3 Routing onto L2 Switching (d) L4 transport into L2 routing (e) None of the above 2. List 4 parameters used to determine the FEC _____________ Hyder khoja _______________ Page 9 9 _______________ ____________ 6/28/2017 3. With the Static Explicit Routing in MPLS: (a) (b) (c) (d) Each LSR determines the route independently Routes are manually configured Routes are pre-configured for all FECs Routes are dynamically determined by the INGRESS LSR at the time of arrival of the packet (e) None of the above 4. The Label is placed: (a) (b) (c) (d) Before the L2 Header After the L2 Header After the L3 header Between the L2 and L3 headers 5. LDP gathers information regarding______________, to calculate the Route along the LSP: List 3 parameters. ______________ ___________________ __________________. 6. Sketch a diagram showing the MPLS Protocol stack architecture. 7. 8. List 5 steps that must be taken for data to travel through an MPLS Network Draw a sketch, showing the creation of a tunnel through an MPLS Network using Label stack 9. What does FEC stands for:________________________________ 10. Which of the following is not a feature of the MPLS? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Hyder khoja Routing based on Label Last in Last out Label binding based on FEC Tunnel creation Last in first out Page 10 10 6/28/2017