Download Genetics: The Science of Heredity

Name ____________________________
Date ____________________ Class _____________
Earth, Moon, and Sun
Chapter Test B
Multiple Choice
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.
______ 1. When a meteoroid enters Earth’s atmosphere, it produces a streak of light
called a(n)
a. meteor.
c. meteorite.
b. asteroid.
d. comet.
______ 2. The strength of the force of gravity depends on
a. the masses of the objects and their speeds.
b. the masses of the objects and the distance between them.
c. the weight of the objects and their speeds.
d. the masses of the objects and their weights.
______ 3. All objects are attracted to each other by the force of
a. weight.
c. inertia.
b. mass.
d. gravity.
______ 4. The tendency of a moving object to continue moving in a straight line or a
stationary object to remain in place is called
a. orbital speed.
c. inertia.
b. mass.
d. gravity.
______ 5. In the Southern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs when the sun is
a. at the equator.
c. farthest north.
b. farthest south.
d. closest to Earth.
______ 6. The phase of the moon you see depends on
a. where you are on Earth’s surface.
b. how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth.
c. how much of the moon’s surface is lit by the sun.
d. whether or not an eclipse is occurring.
______ 7. Earth has seasons because
a. it rotates on its axis.
b. the distance between Earth and the sun changes.
c. its axis is tilted as it moves around the sun.
d. the temperature of the sun changes.
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Chapter Tests
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________
Date ____________________ Class _____________
Earth, Moon, and Sun (continued)
______ 8. One complete revolution of Earth around the sun takes about
a. one rotation.
c. one year.
b. one season.
d. one eclipse.
______ 9. The constellations seem to move as the seasons on Earth change. What
causes this?
a. Like the moon, the stars move around Earth.
b. As Earth revolves around the sun, we have a different view of the stars.
c. As the Earth rotates on its axis, we see different parts of the sky.
d. Just as the seasons on Earth change, so do the seasons on stars.
______ 10. A pattern or grouping of stars imagined by people to represent a figure is a
a. star chart.
c. seasonal pattern.
b. mythological object.
d. constellation.
Completion
Fill in the line to complete each statement.
11. The darkest part of the moon’s shadow is called the ____________________.
12. A tide with the least distance between low and high tides is called a(n)
____________________ tide.
13. The force that pulls the moon toward Earth is called ____________________.
14. The times when day and night are of equal length are called ____________________.
15. If you are in a car that stops suddenly, your body keeps moving because it has
____________________.
True or False
If the statement is true, write true. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make the
statement true.
____________
16. Newton’s law of universal gravitation states that every object in the
universe attracts every other object.
____________
17. Maria are flat areas, once flooded with lava, on the moon’s surface.
____________
18. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon moves directly between the sun and
Earth.
____________
19. Day and night are caused by Earth’s revolution on its axis.
____________
20. The beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere is marked by the
vernal equinox.
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Chapter Tests
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________
Date ____________________ Class _____________
Earth, Moon, and Sun (continued)
Using Science Skills
Use the figure below to answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
21. Which two phases are gibbous moons?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
22. In phase E, from what direction is the sun shining?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
23. Approximately how much time passes between H and B?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Essay
Write an answer for each of the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
24. Explain why it is generally warmer near the equator than it is near the poles.
25. Explain how inertia and gravity combine to keep Earth in its orbit.
26. Explain how day and night occur.
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Chapter Tests
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name ____________________________
Date ____________________ Class _____________
Earth, Moon, and Sun (continued)
Using Science Skills
Use the figure below to answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
27. How many tides will occur on Monday? How many are high tides? How many are low tides?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
28. Describe how the height of the tides changes from Monday to Thursday.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
29. Are the tides approaching a spring tide or a neap tide? Explain.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Essay
Write an answer for each of the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
30. Describe the range of temperatures on the moon and explain why they vary so much.
31. Why do people on Earth always see the same side of the moon?
32. Explain why spring tides are higher than all other tides.
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Chapter Tests
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.