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Biology
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Fetal Pig Dissection Questions
Jones
These questions are designed to help you study and remind you that you need to know more than just
the names and locations of the structures. Each night, you should do the sections of questions that
correspond to the dissection done that day. This will be collected on the day of the test!
Dissection 1 – External Features and Oral Cavity
1. What purpose do the salivary glands serve in digestion? What is the name of the enzyme produced?
Is this mechanical or chemical digestion?
2. What purpose does the tongue serve in digestion? Is this mechanical or chemical digestion?
3. What is the function of the epiglottis?
4. What is peristalsis? What type of muscle is responsible for this action?
5. Explain how you are going to be able to tell the difference between the entrances to the esophagus
versus the entrance to the trachea.
6. What is the function of the external nares?
7. What sex of the pig is identified by a urogenital papilla?
8. What does the term urogenital papilla imply about the organism’s urogenital system?
9. What is the opening to the penis called?
10. What is the scientific name of the ear? What type of tissue makes up the ear to give it its rigid
nature?
11. What is the scientific term for nipples?
12. The nipples on a male are not functional and are considered to be reduced in size; therefore, what
evolutionary term can be given to the male nipples?
Dissection 2 – Digestive System
13. What is the name of the cavity where the digestive organs are located?
14. What is the job of the esophagus?
15. Describe mechanical digestion in the stomach.
16. What is the function of rugae?
17. What is the name of the fluid in the stomach that consists of partially digested food and chemicals
released to aid in digestion?
18. What is the function of mucus production in the stomach?
19. Name 3 functions of HCl in the stomach.
20. What is the name of the inactive form of the enzyme produced in the stomach that aids in protein
digestion? What activates it? What is the name of the active form?
21. What is the job of the esophageal sphincter?
22. What is the job of the pyloric sphincter?
23. What is the name of the first part of the small intestine?
24. Where is the first site of absorption of nutrients into you blood stream?
25. Name the chemical produced by the liver that emulsifies fat. Where is this chemical stored? Where
is this chemical released so it can do its job?
26. Another function of the liver is to _______ blood.
27. What is the function of pancreatic amylase? Where is it secreted?
28. What chemical does the pancreas produce that allows sugars to enter your cells after they are
absorbed into the blood stream?
29. What is the function of sodium bicarbonate? What makes it? Where is it secreted?
30. The pancreas also produces enzymes (we didn’t name them specifically) to aid in the chemical
digestion of _______?
31. What is the function of lipase? What secretes it and where is it secreted?
32. What is the function of sucrase, lactase, and maltase? What produces these enzymes?
33. What is another name for the large intestine?
34. What is the function of the large intestine?
35. What is the function of the rectum?
36. What is the organ that needs to function to eliminate solid waste from the body?
37. Where does carbohydrate digestion begin? End?
38. Where does protein digestion begin? End?
39. Where does lipid digestion start? End?
40. *What is the function of the spleen? (*This information can be found in dissection guide #2)
Dissection 3 – Circulatory/Respiratory System
41. In what cavity are the circulatory/respiratory organs located?
42. What is the role of the diaphragm?
43. Where are gases exchanged in the systemic circuit?
44. Where are gases exchanged in the pulmonary circuit?
45. Arteries carry oxygen _______ blood ________ the heart.
46. Veins carry oxygen ______ blood _______ the heart.
47. What is the difference between pulmonary arteries and vein than all the other arteries and veins in
your body?
48. Blood is considered to be what type of tissue?
49. What is the function of the trachea? What is the name of the tubes that branch off the trachea
into the lungs?
50. Rings of _________ hold open the trachea so there is an open air way to the lungs. These rings are
made up of _______ tissue.
51. What are two jobs of the heart?
52. How many chambers does the mammalian heart have?
53. What is the general function of the atria? The ventricles?
54. What is the “receiving chamber” of the heart?
55. What is the most muscular chamber of the heart? Why is it considered to be this?
56. What is the function of the thymus gland?
57. What is the function of the thyroid gland?
58. What is the function of the larynx? Where is it located?
** Not a question, but you need to know, specifically, the blood flow through the pulmonary circuit, very
well!!!
Dissection #4 – Urogenital System
59. What is the function of the kidneys?
60. What are the functions of the ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra?
61. What are the functions of the ovaries, oviducts (fallopian tubes), and uterus?
62. What are the functions of the testes, epididymis, and vas deferens?
** Not a question, but don’t forget to study the extra credit opportunities that will be on the test
1. Major bones of the body
2. The “Intro to body systems quiz”