Download Ecosystem Organization Pyramid

Chapter 2
Name _____________________________
__________________ is the __________ of the __________________ between
organisms and their _________________________
An ___________________ is anything that ________ the _________________
2 parts of an environment:
________________ – all organisms that live together and interact with one
another (living or once living)
________________ – All physical factors that affect organisms such as water,
sunlight, oxygen, temperature, and soil (nonliving)
An environment is organized into ___________________.
Ecosystem Organization Pyramid
____________________ The part of the earth where life existsExtending from the deepest parts of the ocean to the highest part of
the atmosphere
_____________________ A community of organisms and
their abiotic environment (sunlight, water oxygen, soil,
and temperature)
___________________ Various populations of
organisms existing in one specific area which
are dependent upon each other for food,
shelter, etc.
_______________ A group of the
same species of organisms that
live together in a specific area
and reproduce. They compete
for mates, food, or habitat.
_______________
A specific type of
species. An
individual
Chapter 2, Section 2
_______________ is needed for survival.
It is provided by _______________ for most living things.
It is the primary energy source.
Organisms can be divided into ____ groups based on how they obtain energy.
The three groups are _______________, _____________, and _____________.
1. _______________ are organisms that use sunlight directly to make food.
They use the process of photosynthesis. They are also known as ____________.
Examples include ___________, __________, and ____________.
2. ________________ are organisms that eat producers or other organisms for
energy. These are also known as ________________
There are four kinds of consumers:
 ______________ – consumer that eats only plants
 ______________ – consumer that eats animals
 ______________ – consumers that eat both plants and animals
 ______________ – consumer that feeds on bodies of dead plants and
animals
3. ___________________ are organisms that get energy by breaking down the
remains of dead organisms. Examples include ___________ and ___________.
These are known as _________________ ________________.
When organisms eat, energy is passed from one organism to the next.
A __________ ___________ is a diagram that represents how the energy in
food molecules flows from one organism to the next.
In a food chain:
 _______________ begin the food chain
 producers are eaten by _______________ _____________ (herbivores)
 primary consumers are eaten by ________ _________ (omnivores and
carnivores)
 secondary consumers are eaten by __________ ______________
(scavengers or can be a top predator)
A __________ __________ is a complex diagram representing the many energy
pathways in a real ecosystem
An ___________ ___________ is a diagram shaped like a triangle that shows
the loss of energy at each level of the food chain. Only about _______ of energy
in one level gets transferred to the next level. The rest is used for life processes
and thermal energy.
A ______________ is the environment where an organism lives
A ______________ is an organism’s way of life and its relationships with its
abiotic and biotic environments. This includes habitat, food, predators, and
competition.
Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.
An environment is anything that affects the organism.
2 parts of an environment:
Biotic – all organisms that live together and interact with one another (living or once
living)
Abiotic – All physical factors that affect organisms such as water, sunlight, oxygen,
temperature, and soil (nonliving)
An environment is organized into different levels.
Ecosystem Organization Pyramid
Biosphere - The part of the earth where life existsExtending from the deepest parts of the ocean to the highest part of
the atmosphere
Ecosystem - A community of organisms and
their abiotic environment (sunlight, water oxygen, soil,
and temperature)
Community - Various populations of
organisms existing in one specific area which
are dependent upon each other for food, shelter, etc.
Populations A group of the same
species of organisms that live together
in a specific area and reproduce.
They compete for mates, food,
or habitat.
Organism A specific type of
species. An
individual
Chapter 2, Section 2
Energy is needed for survival. It is provided by sunlight for most living things. It
is the primary energy source.
Organisms can be divided into 3 groups based on how they obtain energy.
The three groups are producers, consumers, and decomposers.
1. Producers are organisms that use sunlight directly to make food. They use
the process of photosynthesis. They are also known as autotrophs.
Examples include plants, algae, and bacteria.
2. Consumers are organisms that eat producers or other organisms for energy.
These are also known as heterotrophs. There are four kinds of consumers:
 Herbivores – consumer that eats only plants
 Carnivores – consumer that eats animals
 Omnivores – consumers that eat both plants and animals
 Scavengers – consumer that feeds on bodies of dead plants and animals
3. Decomposers are organisms that get energy by breaking down the remains
of dead organisms. Examples include bacteria and fungi. These are known as
nature’s recyclers.
When organisms eat, energy is passed from one organism to the next. A food
chain is a diagram that represents how the energy in food molecules flows from
one organism to the next.
In a food chain:
 producers begin the food chain
 producers are eaten by primary consumers (herbivores)
 primary consumers are eaten by secondary consumers (omnivores and
carnivores)
 secondary consumers are eaten by tertiary consumers (scavengers or
can be a
top predator)
A food web is a complex diagram representing the many energy pathways in a
real ecosystem
An energy pyramid is a diagram shaped like a triangle that shows the loss of
energy at each level of the food chain. Only about 10% of energy in one level
gets transferred to the next level. The rest is used for life processes and thermal
energy.
A habitat is the environment where an organism lives
A niche is an organism’s way of life and its relationships with its abiotic and biotic
environments. This includes habitat, food, predators, and competition.