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Transcript
Greece The Minoans The Minoan civilization was centered on Linear A Arthur Evans Knossos Colorful frescoes depicted labyrinth Minotaur Theseus The Mycenaeans The Mycenaeans are the first Civilization was centered in Homer called these people By 1400 B.C linear B This writing was mostly used Michael Ventris Heinrich Schlieman was These graves were filled The Iliad Agamemnon Mycenaean Culture The Mycenaeans were By the fourteenth century Collapse of the Mycenaean Civilization One factor in the collapse Dorian invasion Greek ‘dark age’ Rebirth of Learning and Culture Around 800 B.C. The Phoenician Alphabet Greek Literature One of the most famous was epic poems The world portrayed in the epic poems The Iliad Helen Menelaus Paris King Priam After ten years Key Characters of The Iliad Achilles: Agamemnon: Odysseus: Hector: The Odyssey Key Characters of The Odyssey Penelope: 1 Telemachus: Calypso: Poseidon: Greek Government The Polis Each polis had The temple to the patron god of the city was The polis was protected by uniform phalanx The phalanx was vulnerable to The most vulnerable parts of the soldier Effective hoplite armies had Reformers of Athenian and Greek Law Law Reforms in Athens Draco His laws were His laws were said to be “written in _________, not_____.” Solon He tried to be a He promoted the idea of He abolished The Tyrants Originally the word ‘tyrant’ meant Pisistratus was the first He stabilized He ruled Athens from After the death of Pisistratus, Hippias and Hipparchus Harmodius and Aristogeiton. Tyrants were never able to Cleisthenes “Isonomia” Demes were responsible for tritty The Council Classical Greece: Herodotus and the Persian Wars The first historian Scholars during the Victorian Era called him Thucydides “scientific” historian meaning that He believed that future generations The First Persian War (492-490) Darius Marathon The Athenian phalanx The remaining Persian army Phidippides “Nike, Nike, Nike!” The Greeks were able to The Second Persian War (481-479B.C.) 2 In 481 B.C., Xerxes His plan was He decided to build a The Persian Army numbering Sparta called Athens contributed A Spartan army tried to hold the Persians at The Spartans tactic was The Spartans remaining The other major battle Themistocles A slave who said that the Greek fleet By afternoon The Greeks then turned The Persians lost The Greeks lost Impact of the Persian War on Greece The Persian Wars helped the Greeks Everyday Life in Classical Greece 90% of the Greek population were The most widespread crop was September to November was May to June was July to September Sheep and goats Slavery was widespread Adolescent Spartans were allowed Greeks considered it demeaning to Sparta Spartans idealized Life of a Spartan male: 7 years old: 20 years old: 30 years old: 60 years old: The most glorious thing to a Spartan Spartan mothers Families of those who had died Spartan Women Spartan Government Sparta had two kings The Assembly Council of Elders The Assembly was composed of The Council of Elders was made up Results of Spartan Militarism 1. 2. 3. 4. 3 Athens Symposia Attendance at a symposium was The boy was allowed to Literacy and Education Only a small minority The art of memory was Socrates claimed This required the learner The main subjects of Greek education were Greek Religion In the religion of ancient Greece, there was no The Greeks generally did not believe Greek Writers and Thinkers Drama Drama in Athens brought together Drama festivals were held to By the fifth century B.C. (400s) permanent theatron Actors wore The theme of the dramas usually centered on The father of drama was Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.) Crimes against harmony included Sophocles (496-406) His tragedies focused on He also introduced Sophocles’ masterpiece is It was prophesied that Oedipus would Oedipus gets into an argument Oedipus gouges Euripides (484-406 B.C.) Euripides’ plays show The father of Greek comedy was Aristophanes Sophists Men who wandered from Plato and Aristotle Protagoras Philosophers The first great Greek philosopher was His ideas were recorded by three other people: Knowledge has to be Socratic Method. Socrates was charged with Plato was He felt that democracy was Academy The Republic Aristotle was He opened the 4 He was the first person to The First Scientists Pythagoras He invented He also believed Hippocrates is known as He believed that He prescribed Athenian Democracy Citizens could belong to The Assembly was responsible for The Council of 500 administered Members of this council were chosen They believed that elections Juries in Athens contained Each year citizens could ostracon Athenian democracy laid the Greek Art and Architecture Greek artists excelled in Pottery The pots usually showed The three types of Greek columns were The Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C.) Even after the Persian Wars ended Delian League Sparta Athens provided most of the The league freed Overseas trade Athens began to dominate Pericles He used He insisted These policies changed Several city-states The War (431-404 B.C.) Sparta’s deal In 430 B.C. From 420-413 B.C. Athens tried From 412-404 B.C. Results of the War 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 5 Greece Terms HellespontThe Illiad and The OdysseyPolisSolonPisistratusCleisthenesHelotsPeloponnesian WarDelian LeagueSocratesSocratic MethodParthenonSophistPhidippidesOstracismArthur EvansHeinrich SchliemanAcheansDoriansHomerHoplitePhalanx- 6 ThucydidesHerodotusXerxesSophoclesThe RepublicLyceum- 7 8