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Transcript
Ch. 11 Study Guide Important terms/concepts – make sure you know the definitions and how to apply the following: inertia Newton’s 1st Law of Motion constant motion net force Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion force mass acceleration direct relationship indirect relationship free fall forces terminal velocity projectile motion horizontal motion vertical motion gravity weight mass Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation force mass distance direct relationship indirect relationship motion in space Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion action force reaction force cancellation of forces momentum mass velocity conservation of momentum elastic collisions inelastic collisions Sample questions: 1. What is the difference between mass, volume, and weight? 2. What happens to an object in motion when it experiences a net force? 3. Describe the possible motion of a vehicle that has a net force of 0 N. 4. Mrs. Butte, a famous salsa dancer, has a mass of 45.0 kg. What is her mass on Earth? What is her weight on Earth? 5. Describe the motion of a falling object in the presence of air. Include velocity, terminal velocity, acceleration, air resistance, weight, and net force. 6. Contrast direct and inverse relationships. Give examples of each. 7. Calculate the acceleration of a 20-kg dodo bird just before takeoff when the total thrust of its wings is 50N. 8. Calculate the acceleration of a 5-kg box when you push with a 12-N horizontal force along a horizontal floor having a frictional force of 2-N. 9. Explain why the accelerations caused by an action force and by a reaction force do/do not have to be equal. 10. Explain why action/reaction force pairs do not cancel. 11. Explain how a rocket can move in space even though there is no air for the exhaust to push on. 12. Explain why two objects, one thrown to the side and another dropped, from the same height will/will not land at the same time. 13. Be able to figure the speeds of a ball (horizontal and vertical) and the distance from the ground throughout its thrown path. 14. Be able to draw action/reaction pairs for 1-, 2-, and 3-force pictures. 15. When Mark McGuire stepped up to the plate and hit a 0.15 kg tee-ball sitting on the tee. The impact caused the ball to leave his bat with a velocity of 25.0 m/s. What momentum did McGuire transfer to the tee-ball? 16. Batman, Jr., a 15.0 kg superhero, shoots his 0.05 kg grappling hook toward the rooftop with a speed of 15 m/s in hopes he can evade Dr. Evil. How fast does B.J. move backwards, when his hook is shot? (Backward inelastic) Hint: To start, B.J. and the hook are together and both are at rest.