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Study Guide for Chapter 13 & 14 Exam NOTE: The exam will cover major concepts from chapter 13 and 14, and some from chapter 12. d s t m D v F = m • a Chapter 12 • How is a reference point used to show motion? • How do you calculate speed? average speed? velocity? acceleration? NOTE: See Appendix on pp. 546–547 for review of average speed, acceleration, and net force. You will need to know the formulas for speed and acceleration. • Practice using the 3-variable speed pyramid, when two of the variables are given in a problem. What would be the correct SI units to use to describe speed? • What is force? What is Net Force? • Compare balanced and unbalanced forces? What is the SI unit that describes force? • Describe the forces of compression and tension. • What two properties do all forces have? Use vector diagrams to determine net force. • What is friction and how can it be increased? How can it be decreased? Chapter 13 • What is gravity and what does the “Law of Universal Gravitation” mean? • How do mass and distance affect gravitational force? • What is the difference between mass and weight? • Why will a baseball and a marble fall at the same rate? What is 9.8 m/s2? • What are the two forces that combine to determine the NET force on a falling object? In what directions do these two forces act? • Explain terminal velocity • What is free fall and what does it have to do with a vacuum? • Why is projectile motion a curved path? What are the directions of the forces? • Explain how the planets are kept in orbit around the sun. (See Figure 8 on page 382) • Describe and understand Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion (review the “Newton’s Laws of Motion” worksheet.) ✪ Inertia ✪ F=m•a ✪ Balanced vs. unbalanced forces ✪ Action/reaction force pairs Chapter 14 • What is a fluid and how does a fluid behave? • What is the relationship between atmospheric pressure and depth? • What is the relationship between water pressure and depth? • Explain how pressure differences cause you to exhale, and cause a tornado. • What is buoyant force? • What determines if something will sink or float? • How do you determine density? What are the ways to determine volume? • What happens to density if you change the shape, mass or volume of an object?