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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6a
1.
Which of the following statements is NOT true of the geography of
Rome?
A
B
C
D
Rome
Rome
Rome
Rome
is located on the Italian peninsula.
was protected by the Alps Mountains to the north.
had easy access to the Mediterranean and Adriatic Seas.
suffered from a lack of good farmland.
WHI.6a
2.
Which statement about the geography of Rome is NOT true?
A
B
C
D
Rome
Rome
Rome
Rome
is
is
is
is
located on a river near an abundance of good farmland.
in central Italy near the Mediterranean Sea.
on the Italian Peninsula, protected by the Alps.
on a high altitude plateau surrounded by mountains.
WHI.6a
3.
Rome was protected from invasion by 
A
B
C
D
a ring of volcanoes surrounding the Italian Plateau.
a series of coastal fortresses.
trade agreements with Celtic tribes to the north.
the Alps Mountains blocking land access to the Italian peninsula.
WHI.6a
4.
Rome was able to exert influence over the Mediterranean Sea because –
A
B
C
D
it was outside the Strait of Gibraltar.
it was located near the center of the Italian peninsula.
the Greek city-states abandoned their colonies.
it had a strong naval tradition.
WHI.6a
5.
Early Rome was able to develop because –
A
B
C
D
it was far away from the empires to the east.
it was under the protection of Athens.
the Persian Empire had collapsed into small states.
Phoenician sailors kept pirates from attacking Rome.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6a
6.
Rome’s location near the Mediterranean Sea allowed it to –
A
B
C
D
concentrate on having a strong navy.
maintain peaceful relations with Carthage.
trade with others areas by water.
use the sea for drinking water.
WHI.6b
7.
Which of the following is NOT a Roman god?
A
B
C
D
Mars
Jupiter
Yahweh
Venus
WHI.6b
8.
If the Romans worshipped a family of gods, their religion can best be
described as a form of 
A
B
C
D
polytheism.
monotheism.
animism.
idolatry.
WHI.6b
9.
From whom did the Romans borrow their myths and gods?
A
B
C
D
Babylonians
Greeks
Egyptians
Hittites
WHI.6b
10. Roman mythology influenced all of the following except 
A
B
C
D
art.
literature.
architecture.
politics.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
Use this list to answer the next question.



Natural occurrences like storms
Human traits and emotions like falling in love
Life events like death
WHI.6b
11. Which title would best fit the list above?
A
B
C
D
Things Romans believed their emperor had power over.
Things Romans believed that the gods were responsible for.
Concepts that the Romans believed were beyond explanation.
Occurrences interpreted by Roman leaders to predict the future.
WHI.6b
12. All of the following were Roman goddesses except –
A
B
C
D
Diana
Minerva
Athena
Venus
WHI.6c
13. There were two major social classes in ancient Rome. The ________
were wealthy and well born and the ________ were the poorer members
of society.
A
B
C
D
Patricians, Plebeians
Hittites, Mennonites
Phoenicians, Christians
Romans, Gauls
WHI.6c
14. Early Rome was governed by a Republic. What is a republic?
A
B
C
D
government
government
government
government
by
by
by
by
all citizens
religious figures
representatives
a king
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6c
15. Who were considered citizens in the Republican period of Rome?
A
B
C
D
freeborn Roman men
enslaved foreigners
children of slaves
freeborn Roman women
WHI.6c
16. Roman law was written down and displayed in the Forum. What was
this set of laws called?
A
B
C
D
Code of Hammurabi
the Roman Constitution
Laws of Solon
Twelve Tables
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
Use this chart to answer the next question.
WHI.6c
17. What title belongs in the blank for the two elected chief executives of
the Roman Republic?
A
B
C
D
tribune
senator
consul
praetor
WHI.6c
18. The Romans, in their early history, had an elected Senate, Assemblies
and Consuls. What form of government is this?
A
B
C
D
direct democracy
dictatorship
republic
patriarchy
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6c
19. To which group did Julius Caesar extend citizenship when he took over
the Republic as dictator?
A
B
C
D
slaves captured in Gaul during his campaigns
free-born women in the city of Rome
all non-Romans within the Republic’s borders
selected foreigners such as doctors and teachers
WHI.6c
20. A citizen of the Roman Republic had certain responsibilities including –
A
B
C
D
maintaining canals and irrigation systems.
paying taxes and providing military service.
participating in jury trials and public debates.
constructing public buildings and roads.
WHI.6c
21. Which factor best indicates Rome was a republic?
A
B
C
D
citizen assemblies made laws and elected officials
any free-born citizen could become a senator
leaders were chosen randomly by lottery
rulers like Sulla wielded absolute power
WHI.6d
22. What did the Romans do to conquered peoples to make them a part of
the empire?
A
B
C
D
forced them into slavery
gave them Roman citizenship
removed them from their lands
killed them in war
WHI.6d
23. Who did Rome fight the Punic Wars against?
A
B
C
D
Greece
Persia
Carthage
Egypt
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6d
24. Winning the Punic Wars gave Rome control of what body of water?
A
B
C
D
Adriatic Sea
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea
WHI.6d
25. What famous general invaded the Italian peninsula during the Punic
wars?
A
B
C
D
Belisarius
Hannibal
Alexander
Attila
WHI.6d
26. What group spread Roman culture more than any other did?
A
B
C
D
Roman
Roman
Roman
Roman
legions
senate
explorers
philosophers
WHI.6d
27. What was the series of wars called that ultimately gave Rome control
over the Mediterranean Sea?
A
B
C
D
Peloponnesian
Punic
Roman Civil
Persian
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6d
28. Which map correctly shows the nations that fought in the Punic Wars?
A
B
C
D
WHI.6d
29. Rome and Carthage fought over –
A
B
C
D
religious beliefs: polytheism versus monotheism.
the Greek colonies in southern Italy.
trade routes on the Mediterranean Sea.
the natural resources of the Nile River Valley.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6d
30. As Rome conquered surrounding lands, the Republic transformed into an
empire which spread –
A
B
C
D
from the Nile River to the Indus River.
throughout the Mediterranean basin.
eastward to the Ural Mountains.
as far south as sub-Saharan Africa.
Use this map to answer the next question.
WHI.6d
31. According to the map The Empire at the Time of Trajan, Rome controlled
the –
A
B
C
D
land of Arabia.
Sarmatian people.
kingdom of Egypt.
Parthian Kingdom.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6d
32. Which region did Julius Caesar conquer, nearly doubling the size of the
Roman Republic?
A
B
C
D
Greece
Asia Minor
Mesopotamia
Gaul
WHI.6e
33. Which of these did NOT contribute to a weakened economy in the Roman
Republic?
A
B
C
D
the spread of agricultural slavery
increased unemployment among small farmers
devaluation of Roman currency
discovery of new gold and silver deposits in northern Italy
WHI.6e
34. Which of these contributed to a weakened economy in the Roman
Republic?
A
B
C
D
the outlaw of agricultural slavery
discovery of new gold and silver deposits in northern Italy
the adoption of gold for Roman currency
increased unemployment among small farmers
Use this information to answer the next question.




increasing use of slaves
unemployment among small farmers
growth of the latifundia
inflation
WHI.6e
35. How did the factors above affect Roman society?
A
B
C
D
They
They
They
They
caused
caused
caused
caused
economic instability and civil unrest.
a movement to greater political freedom.
the return of the Roman monarchy.
Rome to be conquered by Carthage.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
Use this picture to answer the next question.
WHI.6e
36. What was the result of Julius Caesar seizing power in Rome?
A
B
C
D
a period peace and stability began
the people of Gaul rebelled with Caesar’s absence
civil war broke out in the Republic
the power of the Senate was reinstated
WHI.6e
37. What effect did the expansion of Roman-controlled territories, with its
increased use of slave labor, have on the Republic?
A
B
C
D
small farmers went out of business and unemployment increased
the economy expanded and free citizens prospered with the cheap labor
small farmers could buy slaves cheaply and became more competitive
skilled slaves improved productivity and strengthened the economy
WHI.6e
38. The increased wealth from Roman conquests in the Mediterranean led
to–
A
B
C
D
a golden age of prosperity for Roman citizens.
the devaluation of Roman currency.
the sale of the imperial throne to the highest bidder.
Rome’s defeat by a coalition of neighboring states.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6f
39. Who was assassinated by the Roman Senate after he had become a
dictator?
A
B
C
D
Marc Antony
Augustus Caesar
Julius Caesar
Pliny the Elder
WHI.6f
40. Who ended the Roman civil war with his victory over Marc Antony?
A
B
C
D
Julius Caesar
Augustus Caesar
Constantine
Diocletian
WHI.6f
41. Who was the first emperor of Rome?
A
B
C
D
Julius Caesar
Cassius
Marc Anthony
Augustus Caesar
WHI.6f
42. What was the primary weakness in the Roman Imperial system of
government?
A
B
C
D
There were no clear rules for choosing a new emperor.
The emperor was a figurehead with no real power.
The emperors were foreign-born citizens who lacked political support.
The emperors lacked the support of the military.
WHI.6f
43. The Roman Republic became the Roman Empire when the 
A
B
C
D
Senate gave Octavian the title Augustus.
Romans first expanded outside Italy.
First Triumvirate was established.
patricians took control of government.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6f
44. What event signaled the end of the Roman civil war?
A
B
C
D
Julius Caesar conquered Gaul.
Augustus Caesar defeated Marc Anthony.
The Senate disbanded the Roman army.
Persia defeated the Roman forces in the Middle East.
WHI.6f
45. What was the basis of the power of the Roman emperor?
A
B
C
D
the Senate
the military
the personal wealth of his family
his control of the Roman economy
WHI.6f
46. The political alliance of Crassus, Pompey, and Caesar brought a shortlived peace to the Roman Republic. Their alliance was called the –
A
B
C
D
Praetors’ Confederation.
Consulship.
Counsel of Tribunes.
First Triumvirate.
WHI.6f
47. What finally brought unity, stability, and peace to Rome after years of
civil war?
A
B
C
D
the reinstatement of Senatorial power
the creation of a Greek-style democratic government
centralized imperial authority with military support
establishment an oligarchy of tribunes
WHI.6g
48. What is the 200-year period of Roman peace and prosperity initiated by
Augustus Caesar known as?
A
B
C
D
Pax Sinica
Golden Age
Pax Romana
Dark Age
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6g
49. What is the best description of the territory held by the Roman Empire at
its height?
A
B
C
D
most of Europe including modern day Britain, France, Germany, Italy, areas in the
modern Middle East and most of North Africa
the Italian Peninsula, the modern Middle East, India and Persia
Italy, North Africa, and most of sub-Saharan Africa including Madagascar
most of Europe including Italy, England, Russia and Scandinavia.
WHI.6g
50. Which of the following reforms was instituted by Augustus Caesar?
A
B
C
D
He
He
He
He
granted religious freedom with the Edict of Milan.
instituted a system of elections to choose a new emperor.
reorganized Roman law into Justinian’s Code.
created a professional civil service.
WHI.6g
51. The period known in Roman history as the Pax Romana is best known
for–
A
B
C
D
the change in government from empire to democracy.
peace, prosperity, and flourishing trade.
religious change in the Empire from Roman gods to Christianity.
civil war, massive unemployment, and Caesar’s assassination.
WHI.6g
52. What was the social impact of the Pax Romana?
A
B
C
D
slavery was abolished and slaves were freed
Christians were granted religious freedom
Jerusalem was returned to the Hebrews
renewed emphasis on family loyalty
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
Use this information to answer the next question.
Age of Pericles
 extended democracy
 many new buildings in Athens
Pax Romana



uniform system of money
safe travel and trade on roads
prosperity and stability
WHI.6g
53. How were the Pax Romana and the Age of Pericles in Athens similar?
A
B
C
D
Both
Both
Both
Both
were times of poverty.
had little trade with the outside world.
were times of warfare.
were times of peace and artistic advancement.
Use this information to answer the next question.
WHI.6g
54. Which influence of the Pax Romana is FALSE?
A
B
C
D
Economic Influence
Geographic Influence
Political Influence
Social Influence
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
Use this list to answer the next question.




Returned stability to the social classes
Hired professional tax collectors
Rebuilt and expanded the road system
Sponsored artists and writers
WHI.6g
55. What title best fits the list above?
A
B
C
D
Reforms of Julius Caesar
The Pax Romana of Augustus
Accomplishments of the 2nd Triumvirate
Endeavors of Marius and Sulla
WHI.6h
56. What was the book that contained the teachings of Jesus?
A
B
C
D
Old Testament
Talmud
New Testament
Qur’an
WHI.6h
57. What role did councils play in the early Christian Church in the Roman
Empire?
A
B
C
D
They
They
They
They
established Church doctrine.
wrote the New Testament of the Bible.
competed with the Pope for control of the Church.
organized Crusades to conquer the Holy Land.
WHI.6h
58. Early Christian leaders who spread their faith were known as –
A
B
C
D
apostles.
sages.
monks.
carriers.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6h
59. Early Christian doctrine was established by –
A
B
C
D
Greek historians who translated Hebrew texts.
a series of Church councils.
Jews who were exiled from Jerusalem after a failed revolt.
a Grand Synod called by the Roman emperor.
WHI.6h
60. Early Christianity had its roots in which ancient religion?
A
B
C
D
Zoroastrianism
Buddhism
Hinduism
Judaism
WHI.6h
61. At first, Christian beliefs –
A
B
C
D
were accepted widely in Rome.
conflicted with Roman polytheism.
accepted Roman polytheism.
were endorsed by the Roman Emperors.
WHI.6h
62. What do Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all share in common?
A
B
C
D
They
They
They
They
are monotheistic religions.
think Jesus is a prophet of God.
recognize Muhammad as a prophet.
believe in reincarnation of the soul.
WHI.6h
63. Christianity spread rapidly throughout the Roman Empire because –
A
B
C
D
its message of eternal salvation for all who repent appealed to the common
people.
persecution of Christians only served to increase interest in the new religion.
as military commanders converted, they forced their subordinates to convert too.
many Romans had already converted to Judaism, which had similar beliefs.
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
Use this illustration to answer the next question.
WHI.6h
64. Christians believe that Jesus of Nazareth is –
A
B
C
D
an apostle.
a prophet.
a messiah.
a disciple.
Use this information to answer the next question.
WHI.6h
65. What title belongs at the center of the diagram?
A
B
C
D
Jewish traditions
beliefs of Islam
Buddhist teachings
Christian beliefs
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World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6h
66. The Roman execution of early Christians made them martyrs. What
effect did this have?
A
B
C
D
The executions dissuaded people from converting.
Christians renounced their religion to become polytheists.
The death of the martyrs inspired others with their faith.
Few people took notice and the martyrs’ deaths had no real impact.
Use this map to answer the next question.
WHI.6h
67. The map of The Travels of Paul shows that Paul –
A
B
C
D
did not spread Christianity to Rome or Italy.
traveled widely in the eastern Mediterranean.
helped spread Christianity to Alexandria in Egypt.
went on only two missionary journeys.
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SOL WHI.6
WHI.6i
68. What role did the Christian Church play in the late Roman Empire?
A
B
C
D
The
The
The
The
Church
Church
Church
Church
took over the government as the Empire fell.
ran the court system and made laws.
became the moral authority in the empire.
provided holy soldiers for the Roman army.
WHI.6i
69. How did the Church influence the Roman Empire?
A
B
C
D
It
It
It
It
taught government.
became the voice of morality.
controlled the military.
enforced Roman law.
WHI.6i
70. Which Roman emperor legalized Christianity with the Edict of Milan?
A
B
C
D
Diocletian
Constantine
Justinian
Augustus
WHI.6i
71. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire –
A
B
C
D
the Muslim Empire easily conquered Western Europe.
Europeans returned to tribalism and paganism.
the Church became the unifying force in Western Europe.
the Church lost influence without the emperor’s support.
WHI.6i
72. Over time, how did most Romans come to view the Christian Church?
A
B
C
D
People’s first loyalty was to the Church, not to the emperor.
Romans continued to persecute members of the Church.
The Church had little authority and was largely ignored.
They lost faith in the Church, as well as the Emperor.
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SOL WHI.6
WHI.6i
73. Originally Christianity was suppressed by Roman authorities 
A
B
C
D
but later it was tolerated, if not accepted.
and continued to remain illegal until the Empire’s fall.
but later it became the official state religion.
and eventually died out within the Empire.
WHI.6j
74. What was the name of the large market and meeting place in Rome?
A
B
C
D
Agora
Pantheon
Forum
Acropolis
WHI.6j
75. Where did the Romans hold the games of the gladiators?
A
B
C
D
Parthenon
Colosseum
Colonnade
Elysian Fields
WHI.6j
76. How did the Romans respond to the problem of public health?
A
B
C
D
They
They
They
They
practiced strict population control.
built public baths and provided food for the poor.
made the weak and unhealthy slaves.
built free hospitals for the poor.
WHI.6j
77. What was the prominent concept for Western civilization that was
established in Roman law?
A
B
C
D
Slavery would be abolished.
All citizens were innocent unless proven guilty.
All members of society would be provided for by the government.
Gruesome gladiator matches would not be allowed in public places.
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SOL WHI.6
WHI.6j
78. Which of the following is NOT a Roman contribution to engineering and
architecture?
A
B
C
D
aqueducts
paved roads
Colosseum
mosques
WHI.6j
79. Latin became the basis for what language group?
A
B
C
D
Indo-European
Slavic
Bantu
Romance
Use this picture to answer the next question.
WHI.6j
80. The Romans built public baths and had a public water system to solve
the problem of 
A
B
C
D
population control.
drought.
feeding the poor.
public health.
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SOL WHI.6
WHI.6j
81. Which language was spoken in Rome and is considered the basis of the
Romance languages?
A
B
C
D
Latin
Italian
English
Spanish
Use this information to answer the next question.
Category
Technology
Science
Medicine
Architecture
Roman Contribution
Roads, aqueducts
Ptolemy
Public water, baths
???
WHI.6j
82. Which structure BEST completes the table above?
A
B
C
D
Colosseum
Dome of the Rock
Great Wall
Parthenon
Use this information to answer the next question.
I. ___???___
a.
b.
c.
d.
a skilled mathematician, astronomer, and geographer
a Roman citizen of Greek descent who lived in Alexandria, Egypt
Wrote Geographyia, an overview of the geography of the Roman Empire
Wrote Almagest, a book about the science of astronomy
WHI.6j
83. Which title best completes the outline above?
A
B
C
D
Archimedes– the Researcher
Galen– the Investigator
Socrates– the Philosopher
Ptolemy– the Scientist
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SOL WHI.6
WHI.6j
84. Early Romans developed a complex mythology largely borrowed from
the
A
B
C
D
Greeks.
Egyptians.
Hebrews.
Persians.
WHI.6j
85. Which epic by Virgil told the story of a Trojan prince who was an
ancestor to the founders of Rome?
A
B
C
D
The Aeneid
The Odyssey
The Iliad
Gilgamesh
WHI.6k
86. All of the following contributed to the end of the Roman empire except 
A
B
C
D
inflation and economic instability.
a weak government and civil unrest.
the rise of the Christian Church and the growing influence of the Pope.
the use of foreign mercenaries.
WHI.6k
87. The Emperor ________ moved the Roman capital to Byzantium.
A
B
C
D
Justinian
Augustus
Nero
Constantine
WHI.6k
88. Which of these contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire?
A
B
C
D
resistance to the idea of a large standing army
the adoption of a strict moral code
conflicts over imperial succession and weak civil administration
frequent wars with the Persian Empire
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24
Do not reproduce without permission. 7-1-11
Tests for Higher Standards in History/Social Science
Virginia Student Achievement Bank
World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6k
89. What group(s) invaded Rome, finally putting an end to the Empire?
A
B
C
D
Carthage
Egypt
Germanic barbarians
Greek rebels
Use this information to answer the next question.
WHI.6k
90. Which statement best fits in the center of the diagram above?
A
B
C
D
Factors
Factors
Factors
Factors
that
that
that
that
contributed
contributed
contributed
contributed
to
to
to
to
the
the
the
the
end of the Greek Golden Age.
breakup of Alexander’s Empire.
collapse of the Roman Empire.
fall of the Han Dynasty.
WHI.6k
91. How did geography influence the collapse of the Roman Empire?
A
B
C
D
Long borders made the empire difficult to defend.
The empire’s large size slowed the advance of barbarian invaders.
Despite its large size, the empire was easy to govern.
Its large size led to a diverse economy, which helped slow the empire’s fall.
WHI.6k
92. As the economy and civic life of Rome grew more unstable –
A
B
C
D
family loyalty strengthened as people turned inward.
people lost faith in Rome and family loyalty declined.
people rallied, becoming more loyal to the empire.
ignorant about what was happening, Romans were completely surprised by the
collapse.
Copyright © 1999-2011, S.S. Flanagan & D.E. Mott
25
Do not reproduce without permission. 7-1-11
Tests for Higher Standards in History/Social Science
Virginia Student Achievement Bank
World History I
SOL WHI.6
WHI.6k
93. Historians date the end of the Western Roman Empire to when the last
emperor was deposed in –
A
B
C
D
476 CE.
44 BCE.
410 BCE.
64 CE.
WHI.6k
94. Which society continued the culture and traditions of Rome for more
than a thousand years after the Western Empire’s end?
A
B
C
D
Byzantine Empire
Muslim Empire
Mongol Empire
Frankish Empire
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26
Do not reproduce without permission. 7-1-11