Download Genetics Session 9: Transcription and Translation

Genetics Session 9: Transcription and Translation
I.
RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
a. RNA is the principal molecule that carries out
________________________________________________________________________
b. Mostly involved in making _____________________________________________
c. RNA is generally _____________________________________________________
d. RNA contains _____________________________________ instead of Thymine
i. Uracil will form hydrogen bond with ____________________________
II.
Forms of RNA
a. Messenger RNA (mRNA) – serves as a
_____________________________________________________________________
b. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) –
_____________________________________________________________________
c. Transfer RNA (tRNA) –
_____________________________________________________________________
III.
Transcription
a. Transcription is the process by which
________________________________________________________________
i. Part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into RNA
ii. DNA is said to act as a template for RNA
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IV.
Genetic Code
a. Proteins are made of _________________________________________________
i. Polypepetides are made from
_____________________________________________________________
ii. The _______________________________________________ determines
the __________________________________________________________
b. RNA contains four different nucleotides
i. ________________________________________
ii. ________________________________________
iii. ________________________________________
iv. ________________________________________
c. Nucleotides are read by the ribosome in groups of three (codons)
d. Codons are a _________________________________________________ that code
for a ________________________________________________________________
i. Example AAACACGGU is read AAA-CAC-GGI
ii. Each codon represents a different amino acid
iii. Example: AAA – CAC – GGU (nucleotide codons)
a. Lysine – Histidine – Glycine (Proteins)
e. Start Signal – Usually the _________________________________________
f. Stop Signals – ___________________________________________________
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V.
Translation
a. In a cell the mRNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
b. Translation is the process where ________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
c. Ribosomes are needed to read the _______________________________________
d. tRNA molecules bring the ______________________________________________
that corresponds to the _____________________________to form the
polypeptide (protein)
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