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Name: _____________________________________________________ Date: ________________ Period: _______________ RNA and Transcription PPT Guide #5 1. What is transcription? 2. What is translation? 3. What does RNA stand for? __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What are RNA’s characteristics? 5. What are the 3 types of RNA? What are there functions (jobs)? Type of RNA Function/Job a. ___________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ c. ___________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 6. What piece of the cell actual makes the proteins? ________________________________________________________ 7. What type of RNA does transcription make? __________________________________ 8. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur together. Why can this happen? 9. In eukaryotes, what happens to the original mRNA (pre mRNA)? 10. How is protein made? ________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What are amino acids? 12. How many different amino acids are there? ____________________ 13. What is the GENETIC CODE? 14. What is a codon? 15. Where are codons found? _____________________________ 16. Codons are ALWAYS read in the ____’ to ____’ direction. 17. How many STOP codons are there? ______________ 18. There is only 1 START codon. What is it? ____________________ It also codes for an amino acid called ____________________. 19. Why is the genetic code nearly UNIVERSAL? 1 20. What is RNA polymerase? What does it do? 21. What are the RNA base pairing rules? _________________________________________________________________ 22. Fill in the table below. RNA Transcription Step What happens? Initiation Elongation Termination 23. What are promoters? What “start signal” on DNA is found in the promoter? 24. Fill in the table below. RNA Transcription How are they similar? How are they different? Prokaryotes Eukaryotes 25. What are the 2 ways in which pre-mRNA is modified (changed) in eukaryotes before it can leave the nucleus? a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 26. What are introns? 27. What are exons? 28. Sketch and label a “MATURE” piece of mRNA in a eukaryotic cell. 2