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Biologist: Pd: Box 1 1. In this box, there are blue particles. They represent the particles of a gas. Describe the way the particles of the gas move. In your answer, you should use the words: random, collide, and direction ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Box 2 2. Box 2 contains the same number of particles as in Box 1, except most particles start out on one side of the box. Explain why after while, Box 2 resembles Box 1. In your answer you should refer to the concentration of particles on either side of the box. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 3. You can smell the food when molecules from the food enter your nose. a. By referring to your answers in Questions 1 & 2, explain how the molecules get from the food to your nose. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. Would the smell be stronger or weaker if you stood down wind of the food. Explain your answer. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. Why are some foods like coffee or fried onions easier to smell? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 4. Complete the sentence: a. Diffusion is the _________ movement of particles from a ___________ concentration to a ___________ concentration until they are spread out ____________. 5. Moths emit chemicals called pheromones to attract a mate. a. Which process is responsible for the distribution of these chemicals through the air? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. If a moth detects pheromones, how would it determine which direction the pheromones are coming from? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. What would be the advantage of a moth releasing the pheromones on a night when there was little wind? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 6. This is a picture of a semi-permeable membrane with water molecules moving on either side of it. Sometimes water molecules pass through the pores in the membrane. a. Over time, does the amount of water on either side tend to increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain your answer. ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 7. This picture is the same as above except, red particles have been added. They represent a solute, say starch, dissolved in a solvent, water. In the beginning, there are the same number of water particles on each side of the membrane. a. Which side (left of right) contains the starch solution with the highest concentration? Explain your answer. ______________________________________________________________ b. What will happen to the number of water particles on the right hand side? _____________________________________________________________________ c. What will happen to the number of water particles on the left hand side? _____________________________________________________________________ d. What will happen to the concentration of the solution on the right hand side? _____________________________________________________________________ e. What will happen to the concentration of the solution on the left hand side? _____________________________________________________________________ f. Explain why the concentration of the solution on the either side of the semipermeable membrane changes. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 8. Complete the sentence. a. Osmosis is the passage of ___________ molecules from a _______ concentration solution to a _______ concentration solution through a _____________________ _______________ Root hair Soil 9. The roots of a plant have root hairs cells, which absorb water from the soil. The concentration of the solution inside the cell is higher than the concentration of the solution in the soil. a. Draw an arrow to indicate which way the water will move. b. Now explain why water moves from the soil into the root hair cell. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. Suggest why root hair cells are long and thin? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 10. When you take a bath the cells in the skin of your fingers are immersed in water. a. Which is the stronger solution: the solution inside your skin cells or the bath water? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. Your skin cells have a semi-permeable membrane. Does osmosis cause water to pass from fingers into the bath, or from the bath into the cells in your finer? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. What will happen to the size of the skin cells in your fingers? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ d. Suggest why your fingers go wrinkly in the bath. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ e. Would your fingers go more or less wrinkly in the sea? Explain your answer. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ JAM 11. Jam is a very strong solution of sugar. By contrast the cytoplasm in a microbe (microorganism) is a much weaker solution. a. The cell wall of a microbe is made up a semi-permeable membrane. Would water flow from the microbe to the jam, or from the jam to the microbe by osmosis? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ i. Suggest a reason why microbes find it difficult to survive in jam. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Learning through Osmosis Why is this caption scientifically incorrect?
