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Biology Biomes and Succession Notes Name_________ Biome: a large region characterized by a specific type of __________and certain types of plant and animal communities. Terrestrial Biomes Examples -______________________ -___________________ -___________________ -___________________ -Temperate Deciduous Forest -Temperate Grassland -___________________ CLIMATE: The average weather conditions in an area, including ____________and __________________. Classifying different terrestrial biomes is generally based on criteria such as: 1. 2. 3. 4. Aquatic Biomes Examples -________________ (Including Open Ocean, Coral Reef, Deep Ocean) -________________ (Ponds and Lakes, Streams and Rivers, & Wetlands) -________________ -_________________ Zones/Coastal Marine Biomes -Usually have ___________ (saline) concentrations around __________ -Marine Algae/Photosynthetic Bacteria supply the majority of the world’s ______________ -Largest consumer of __________________ ____________ Freshwater Biomes -Usually have ____________ concentration <___________ -Closely linked to ____________ composition and _______________ components -Characteristics include pattern/speed of water ____________, depth and light, and climate Estuaries -Partially enclosed body of water where a ______________(s) meets the _____________ -Subject to both river and marine influences (freshwater and ______________ with tide and _________________) -Delicate and diverse ecosystem -Acts as a natural water _____________ Intertidal Zone -Area that is ______________ water at low tide and under water at ____________ tide -Variety of organisms adapted to harsh _________________ -Vary from wetland to sandy beaches to rocky cliffs -Also called “___________________” Succession -Series of predictable _______________ over time that happens when one community _________________ another as a result of changing abiotic or biotic factors. -There are two types: _________________ and _________________ Causes: -Gradual _______________ change (global warming?) -Sudden ____________ (volcanic eruption, forest fire, humans clearing forests) Primary Succession -The establishment of a community on an area of exposed rock that ________ __________ _________ top soil. -A ______________ process! -Occurs where no _____________ exists (new rock formations, volcanic areas, early Earth) -Starts small with ____________________ Species -___________ to colonize an ecosystem -Examples: _____________ and _______________ Climax Community -A mature community that results when there is little change in the composition of species. The end result of primary succession. -It takes a very long time for the climax community to be reached. -Sometimes it is ______________ reached. -Does not always mean big __________ (Depends on climate of a region) -___________ in prairies -___________ in deserts Secondary Succession -More common -Occurs after a disturbance like __________________________ where soil already existed (a fire or flood or a ____________ is abandoned) -Returns ecosystem to _______________ state -Since soil is already present, _______________ start to grow right away. These are replaced by shrubs and trees -This takes about ________________ years to complete.