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Name ____________________ Study Guide Human Body Systems NERVOUS SYSTEM – Ch 35 1. (2 part) What is a neuron? Sketch one & label. 2. What part of the neuron receives impulses from other neurons? 3. What part of the neuron send impulses to other neurons? 4. What are nerves? 5. What is an action potential? Explain. 6. Describe the importance of the myelin sheath 7. Define synapse – 8. Define neurotransmitter – 9. Briefly describe how an impulse is transmitted across the synapse between neurons. 10. Below, are the two main divisions of the nervous system a. Central nervous system (CNS) Name two main structures in the CNS: b. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) – what makes up the PNS? SKELETAL, MUSCULAR & INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEMS – Ch 36 Name ____________________ 11. List the 5 functions of the skeletal system: a. b. c. d. e. 12. The skeleton is divided into two parts: List the name and function of each a. b. 13. Label the 3 types of muscle tissue below: 14. Define: a. Ligament b. Tendon 15. Describe the importance of the skin. CIRCULATORY & RESPIRATORY SYSTEM – Ch 37 16. What is the function of the red blood cell? 17. If a person has a low amount of platelets in their blood, what problems might they have? 18. Label the heart below. Use p. 945 to help you! OMIT D, E & H! Name ____________________ 19. What is the function of the respiratory system? 20. How is oxygen transferred from the alveoli to the circulatory system? 21. Map the flow of air through the respiratory system. _____________________________________________ __________________________________ 22. Label the respiratory diagram below: DIGESTIVE – Ch 38 Define and give the FUNCTION of the following: 23. Esophagus 24. Stomach 25. Small Intestine 26. Large Intestine 27. Liver 28. Pancreas 29. Gall bladder 30. Explain mechanical and chemical digestion. In what parts of the digestive system does each type of digestion occur? Name ____________________ 31. Label the digestion diagram below: EXCRETORY SYSTEM – Ch 38 32. What are the functions of the excretory system? 33. Label the excretory diagram below: A. B. C, D. ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS – Ch 39 34. What is the function of the Endocrine system? Name ____________________ 35. What is a hormone? 36. What major processes do hormones control? 37. Explain how homeostasis is maintained by negative feedback mechanisms. 38. Label the diagram below: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM – Ch 39 Define: 39. placenta 40. sperm 41. egg (ova) 42. ovary 43. gametes 44. Where does fertilization occur? 45. Zygote 46. Label the diagram below: Name ____________________ IMMUNE SYSTEM – Ch 40 47. What are some symptoms caused by inflammatory response? 48. Antibodies fight infections by …? 49. Name some non-specific defenses against invading pathogens. 50. Describe the difference between active & passive immunity. 51. What are Helper T cells? 52. What is a pathogen? INTERACTIONS 53. Explain the relationship between the circulatory and respiratory systems. 54. Explain the relationship between the circulatory and endocrine systems. 55. Explain the relationship between the circulatory and digestive systems. 56. Which system is involved with every other body system?