Download the muscular system

Name_______________________AP-____
Date assigned__________
Muscles, Nerves, Endocrine, circulatory due may 15
Respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive due may 17.
(each will count as a formative assessement)
You may use pictures, charts, diagrams to illustrate vocabulary terms and structures
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
- List the general characteristics and functions of skeletal muscle tissue.
- Describe the structure of a muscle
- Briefly describe muscle contraction
- Differentiate between isotonic and isometric contractions
- Define the following terms: origin, insertion, synergist, antagonist, and prime mover
- Define the different bases employed in naming skeletal muscles Identify the principal
skeletal muscle in different regions of the body by name, action, and innervations.
Terms to Know
Action
Antagonist
Aponeurosis
Contraction
Epimysium
Origin
Oxygen debt
Prime mover
Synergist
Sarcomere
tendon
tone
insertion
sliding filament
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
-Create a flow chart showing the division of the nervous system.
-What are the 3 main functions of the nervous system?
-Differentiate between afferent and efferent. Which is sensory? Motor?
-Name and describe the structures of a neuron.
-Describe the polarity of the plasma membrane at rest. During an action potential?
-Explain the process of synaptic transmission.
-Describe a reflex arc
-What are the functions of the spinal cord?
- Describe the generalized functions of the system as a whole
- Identify and discuss the coverings and fluid spaces of the brain and spinal cord.
Selected Key Terms
Acetylcholine
Nerve
white matter
Action potential
Nerve impulse
effector
Afferent
Nucleus
gray matter
Autonomic nervous system
Neuron
synapse
Axon
Neurotransmitter
stimulus
Dendrite
efferent
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
- Compare
the effects of the nervous system and the endocrine system in controlling the
body
- Identify the glands of the endocrine system on a diagram
- List the hormones produced by each endocrine gland and describe the effects of each on
the body
- Explain why the anterior pituitary is called the master gland
- Explain how the endocrine system responds to stress
Selected key terms
Endocrine
hormone
hypothalamus
Pituitary
receptor
target tissue
Gland
pituitary
thymus
thyroid
adrenals
ovaries
testes
pancreas
pineal
Hormone
Effect
Disease/disorder
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Describe the primary functions of blood.
- List the formed elements of blood and identify the most important function of each.
- Describe the three layers of the heart.
- Name the four chambers of the heart.
- Name the valves at the entrance and exit of each ventricle.
- Name the components of the heart’s conduction system.
- Explain what produces the two heart sounds.
- Differentiate among the three main types of vessels in the body with regard to structure
and function.
- Compare the locations and functions of the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
- Explain how blood pressure is commonly measured.
Selected Key Terms
Diastole
Systole
aorta
vein
Aorta
Endocardium
Leukocyte
Valve
Artery
Epicardium
Myocardium
Vena cava
Atrium
Erythrocyte
Pericardium
Ventricle
Capillary
Plasma
Venule
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- Describe the purpose of the respiratory system
- Differentiate between external and internal respiration
- Name all of the structures of the respiratory system
- Explain how food and foreign materials are kept out of the respiratory tract
- Describe how respiration is regulated
Selected Key Terms
Alveolus
Pleura
trachea
Bronchiole
Respiration
Bronchus
Larynx
Surfactant
Diaphragm
Epiglottis
Pharynx
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
- Name the two main functions of the digestive system
- Name and describe the organs of the digestive tract
- Name and describe the accessory organs of digestion
- List the functions of each organ involved in digestion
- Explain the role of enzymes in digestion and give examples of enzymes
- Define absorption
- Define villi and state how villi function in absorption
- Describe how bile functions in digestion
- List the main functions of the liver
Selected Key Terms
Absorption
Accessory organ
Esophagus
Lacteal
Peritoneum
Colon
Defecation
Villi
Enzyme
Saliva
Sphincter
Hydrolysis
Bile
Peristalsis
Digestion
Mastication
Emulsify
THE URINARY SYSTEM
- Discuss the structure & functions of the kidney
- Explain Accessory excretory structures of the urinary system
- Explain what comprises urine
Selected key terms
Cortex
glomerulus
Filtrate
ureter
Medulla
urethra
Nephron
bladder
Renal pelvis
Urine
THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
- Discuss the male and female reproductive system
- Explain the formation of sex cells
Selected key terms:
Ovulation
Penis
Gametogenesis
Mammary gland
Testis
Menstruation
Uterus
Ovary
Sperm
Uterine tube/ fallopian tube
Vagina