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Ancient Greece
A. The physical setting of Greece helped its rise to power
1. Greece is a peninsula in the _____________________________
2. how does this define the Greek society:
3. about 75% of Greece is covered by ___________________
a. the tallest is ____________________
b. significance:
c. it could take Greeks 1 week to travel _______________
4. because it was difficult to unite, the Greeks established
_____________________________________
5. the Greek diet consisted of ____________________________
a. how did the land dictate the Greek diet?:
6. Greece enjoys a comfortable climate with rain only in the winter
a. this meant people would often _____________________
b. significance:
B. The first signs of civilization existed off the coast of Greece on the island
of _____________
1. a group named ___________________ established a culture there
2. the Minoans developed huge palaces and buildings
3. their society ended abruptly
a. people believe either there was a ______________________
C. Much of Greece’s early history and stories were written down by ______
1. he wrote the________________________________
2. in both of these stories, Homer describes ____________________
a. significance:
b. compare to the US:
3. __________ were wondering poets who travel the countryside and
shared stories of these heroic acts
D. The Greeks love for strength can be seen in the ___________________
1. the first Olympic Games were held in 776 B.C. in the city of
_______________
2. the first games included __________________________
3. the winners of each of these competitions was looked upon as a
___________
a. significance:
4. the favorite event was the pentathlon
a. ______________________________________________
E. The Olympic Games tied closely with Greeks religion
1. Greeks were _______________________
2. they saw their gods as having _____________________________
3. Greeks believed their gods _______________________________
a. significance:
4. the 12 most powerful gods lived on the top of _________________
5. signs of strength and courage (Olympic Games) were believed to
_______________________
F. The city-state of Sparta grew as one of the most powerful military forces
the world has seen
1. the people of Sparta believed _________________ was the center
of life
2. everything was done to keep Sparta strong
a. babies were examined at birth to ____________________
b. result:
c. why?:
3. boys went to military school at ___________
a. three things they were taught and why:
4. problem with total focus on military:
G. The city-state of Athens created a well rounded society
1. among one of their most important contributions was the
development of a _______________
a. democracy?
2. they developed the idea of _______________________________
a. significance:
3. they believed in the idea of a ______________________________
a. significance:
b. jury duty today:
H. Athens made great advancements in architecture
1. they built the ________________________
2. it stood 228 feet by 101 feet
3. inside was a statue of the ____________________________
4. it is the center of the city of Athens today, as it was ____________
I. Soon Athens and Sparta went to war
1. Sparta struck first as they marched to Athens _________________
______________________
a. significance:
2. the Athenian leaders knew war was ___________
a. what did they do?:
3. as the Athenians were behind the city walls a ________________
a. _____________ of Athens population died
4. they did not have enough power to defeat the mighty Spartans
5. Sparta won and as a sign of the victory, forced the Athenians to
_________________________
a. will this work?:
6. out of this confusion came some of the great philosophers
a. __________________________________ debated questions
about government, life, love, and truth
J. Since there was no strong Greek army to protect the area, the country
became open ________________________
1. the first to attack was ____________________________
a. Macedonia was the land ____________________________
2. he was a brilliant leader who conquered each Greek city-state and
brought them under a single ruler
a. significance:
b. he began his conquest when he was only ________
3. Philip’s plan was to ________________ and attack the powerful
___________________________________________________
4. Philip conquered Greece, but was unable to attack Persia because
he was assassinated at his ________________________________
K. The power and plans fell to Philip’s son Alexander
1. Alexander was only _____ years old when he became king
2. he was well educated by ______________________
L. Alexander the Great pushed off on his military conquest
1. he began by marching east and conquering ___________________
2. he destroyed the Persian empire around the __________________
3. Alexander had defeated the Persian empire, but he wanted more
a. similar to who?:
b. what's next for Alexander?:
4. he began to march into _________ and wanted to conquer the
country
5. his men had been marching for ________________ and wanted to
return home
a. Alexander's choices and consequences:
b. they were caught in a _________, in a foreign land, and
_______________________
6. Alexander could probably have conquered India, but his men were
______________________
a. he decided to __________________
7. on the return trip, Alexander came down with a terrible fever in
__________________
a. he was only _____ years old
M. Although Alexander failed to conquer the “__________________”, he
spread the _________________
1. everywhere Alexander conquered, he established _____________
____________________________________
a. examples today?:
b. most of these cities were named after himself – __________
2. Alexandria, Egypt had a huge lighthouse (370 feet tall) and a
___________________________
a. significance:
3. advancements were made in science as plants, animals, and
weather were recorded everywhere Alexander conquered
a. what have we learned from other countries?:
4. Euclid developed the first _____________________________
5. ________________ worked with screws, wheels, and inclined
planes to show laws of motion
6. scientists at this time even created an early ________________