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Download Evolution Unit Vocabulary Vocabulary word Definition Mutation A
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Transcript
Evolution Unit Vocabulary Vocabulary word Definition Mutation A random, spontaneous change in the DNA. Mutations can be passed on the next generation. Mutations can result in favorable changes in the phenotype (adaptations), no change in the phenotype, or unfavorable changes in the phenotype that can impede an organism’s ability to exist in its environment. Mutagen Something that causes a mutation Genetic Variation Adaptation Structural Adaptation Camouflage Behavioral Adaptation Any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms within a species caused by genetic differences (mutations). A genetic characteristic that helps an organism to survive in their environment. Any structural variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment based on its physical features The coloration and/or texture that enables an animal to blend in with its environment. An behavior that an animal does that makes it better adapted to its environment Mimicry When one animal copies the appearance, actions, or sounds of another animal as a means of survival. Species A group of organisms whose members can successfully reproduce. Population All the individuals of one species in a given area. Speciation The process by which two populations of the same species become so different that they can no longer interbreed. Natural Selection The process by which organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce at higher rates than organisms without the favorable trait Limiting Factors Carrying Capacity Needed resources that are in limited supply. Organisms compete for limiting factors and those best able to obtain limiting factors are usually the organisms that are able to survive and reproduce. The largest population that a given environment can support over a long period of time. Extinction When a species of dies out completely. Evolution The process by which populations accumulate inherited changes over time. Vestigial Structure Embryonic Structures Fossil A body part that has become small and lost its use because of evolutionary change. The anatomical (body) parts that make up an organism in the early stages of development The solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism. Fossil Record A historical sequence of life indicated by fossils found in layers of the Earth’s crust. Radiometric Dating the process of measuring the absolute age of geologic material by measuring the concentrations of radioactive isotopes and their decay products. Charles Darwin British naturalist who studied Galapagos finches and helped develop the theory of evolution microevolution Change within a population which can be observed generation to generation macroevolution Change in a population resulting in the formation of a new species. Macroevolution cannot be observed because it may takes too long to occur