Download SNC 1D1 Space Unit Review Answers How long does it take the

SNC 1D1
Space Unit Review Answers
1. How long does it take the Earth to make 1 full rotation?
23 hours and 56 mins (24 hours is an acceptable answer)
2. How long does it take the Earth to make 1 full revolution of the Sun?
365.256 days (365 days is an acceptable answer)
3. At what angle does the Earth rotate at, relative to its orbit of the Sun?
23.5o
4. How long does it take our Moon to make 1 full revolution of the Earth?
27.322 days (27 or 28 days is an acceptable answer)
5. Explain the difference between rotation and revolution.
Rotation is spinning on an axis (length of a day)
Revolution is circling an object (the Sun – the length of a year)
6.
Which planets are we able to see without the use of a telescope?
Mercury
Venus
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
7.
Name all of the planets and describe their composition (give some specific details).
http://nineplanets.org/tour/
8.
What is the difference between an asteroid and a comet?
-Asteroids are made up of metals and rocky material, while comets are made up of ice,
dust and rocky material.
-Comets orbit the sun and have tails caused by the melting of their ice
9.
Describe the life cycle of a low-mass star (3 stages)
Protostar
Red Giant
Planetary Nebula
White Dwarf
10. Describe the life cycle of a high-mass star (5 stages)
Protostar
Blue Main Sequence Star
Red Super Giant
Supernova
Black Hole (or Neutron star is acceptable)
11. What type of star is the Sun?
A Yellow Dwarf
12. Draw and label the phases of the moon, relative to the Sun, as you would see them from
Earth.
13. Draw a comet’s path around the Sun and describe why it forms a tail.
-The tail forms because the Sun melts the
ice and the solar winds push the ice and
dust particles off of the comet.
-The tail gets larger as it gets closer to the
Sun
14. What is a Light Year?
The distance that light travels in one year
9.46 x 1012 km
15. What is the origin/purpose of constellations?
They were used to tell stories (support mythology)
A way of grouping stars
16. Draw a Lunar Eclipse.
17. Draw a Solar Eclipse.
18. What effect does the Moon have on tides?
-Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction between the Earth and Moon, Sun
-Spring Tides: especially strong tides that occur when the Sun and Moon’s gravity line
up to exert tidal forces together (occur twice a month alternating neap tides)
-Neap Tides: The gravitational pull of the sun partially cancels out the gradational pull
of the moon leading to diminished tides (occur twice a month alternating spring tides)
19. What is a star made of?
-A metal core with shells of gas. The gasses fuse and get heavier as the star ages.
20. Why can we see a planet?
-Because it reflects the light from the Sun
21. Name and describe the 7 layers/components of the sun.
Core: Where there is high pressure and temperatures reaching 15 million°C
Convective Zone: Where there is constant circulation of plasma from hot to cooler
regions
Chromosphere: A thin red layer that is only seen during a solar eclipse
Photosphere: The yellow part of the Sun with temperatures of about 5500°C
Corona: The hot outer layer of the Sun
Solar Flare: Large bright streams of particles going out from the photosphere Solar
Prominences: Explosions at the surface that send hot plasma into space.
22. Name all of the types of objects that are found in our solar system (6 objects).
Planets, Moons, Stars, Satellites, Comets, Meteor/Meteoroid/Meteorite, Asteroids
23. Why is the length of a year on Earth different from the length of a year on other planets?
Because they have different lengths of time that they take to orbit the Sun.
24. Name and describe the predominant scientific theory on how the universe was formed.
-Big Bang Theory: 14 billion years ago, everything in the Universe existed in a single
fixed mass that was hot and dense.
-Suddenly, 13.8 billion years ago, there was a tremendous explosion that started the
expansion of the Universe.
-The explosion is known as the Big Bang.
-Since the Big Bang, the universe has been continually expanding.
-Directly after the Big Bang, the Universe was extremely hot and dense; over time the
Universe expanded and cooled down
25. Name and describe the predominant scientific theory on how our solar system was formed.
Solar Nebular Theory: Stars and planets formed together from a low-density cloud of
interstellar gas and dust called a nebula
-Gravity pulled this cloud of dust together and it created a hot dense object in the center
called a protostar
-These clouds of dust particles ranged in size from a grain of sand to planet-sized rocks
-The nebula started to collapse and rotate in a flat disk
-When the temperature reaches 10,000,000 Celsius, nuclear fusion begins and the
protostar begins producing energy
-Enormous pressure and heat cause hydrogen atoms to combine to become helium
atoms and light energy in the core
-Condensed grains from nebula collide and stick to form planetesimals
-These planetesimals grew by further collisions called accretion
-Gravity holds them together, when big enough some planetesimals eventually become
very small planets.
-As rotating nebular disk cooled, the only metals and rocks could condense near the sun
-Far away from the Sun large ice chunks were able to condense
Ice clumps were able to get much more massive (since there was more of them); through
gravitational pull, they were able to attract large amounts of nebular gas and become
gas giants
26. What is the name and type (irregular or spiral) of our galaxy?
Milky Way
Spiral
27. If you were 287 000 000 000 km from the Sun, how would you write that in proper scientific
notation? (y x 10x km).
2.87 x 1011
28. Earth is 150 x 106 km away from the Sun and Jupiter is 778 x 106 km from the Sun. How
many Astronomical Units is Jupiter away from the Sun? (show your work).
150 x 106 = 1AU
=778 x 106 ÷ 150 x 106
=778 ÷ 150
=5.19AU
Therefore, Jupiter is 5.19AU further away from the Sun than Earth.
29. What causes the seasons?
-The 23.5o tilt along with the revolution of the Earth around the Sun.
-Depending on which hemisphere is pointing towards the Sun, it will be summer in one
half of the Earth and Winter in the other.
30. Which of the major constellations can we always see year round (in the northern
hemisphere)?
Auriga, Camelopardalis, Cassiopeia, Cepheus, Draco, Lynx, Perseus, Ursa Major
(contains the Big Dipper), and Ursa Minor (contains Polaris).
31. Define (what makes up) a galaxy.
A galaxy consists of about 200 billion stars, dust, gas, and solid matter that may form
planets.
32. What is the biggest determinant of the colour of a star?
Temperature
33. What separates Mars and Jupiter?
The Asteroid Belt
34. List the types of stars from largest to smallest. Where does our Sun fit into this?
-Hypergiants, Supergiants, Blue Giant, Red Giant, Red Dwarf, Yellow Dwarf, White
Dwarf
-Our Sun is a Yellow Dwarf, which is relatively medium in size