Download Third Nine Weeks Review – Sky Patterns

Third Nine Weeks Review – Sky Patterns
Planets:
 Order of the planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
 All planets orbit around the sun.
 Inner Planets – the planets that are closets to the sun (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and
Mars)—they are small and rocky
 Outer Planets – these planets are farther away from the sun and have longer orbits (
Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and Uranus) – they are large and their surfaces are made of
gas.
Earth, Sun, and Moon:
Earth:
 Rocky planet with water, atmosphere of gases around it, third planet in the solar
system.
Sun:
 A star located in the center of the solar system, does not have a rocky surface, a
large, hot ball of glowing gases.
Moon:
 Natural satellite that orbits Earth, rocky and dusty surface with no water, no
atmosphere
***Be able to compare and contrast all three and know their location
based on the model with their orbits. See p. 7 of the science notebook.
Earth:
 Revolution – Earth orbits or revolves around the sun in one year (365 days)
 Seasons of the year are caused by the tilt of the Earth on its axis and the revolution of
Earth around the Sun. As Earth revolves around the sun, different parts of the Earth get
more direct sunlight.
 When a hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, that hemisphere is having summer. If it is
tilted away from the sun, it is having winter. The two season that are most alike are fall
and spring because the tilt is not going directly toward or away.
 The Northern and Southern Hemispheres have opposite seasons.
 Earth rotates on its axis in 24 hours which causes day/night
 The Earth rotates from west to east which makes the sun appear to rise in the east and
set in the west.
Moon:
 The Moon appears to change shape because of the amount of reflected light that is
seen from Earth.
 You need to recall the 4 main phases of the moon: New Moon, Quarter Moon,
Cresent Moon, and Full Moon
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The complete cycle of the moon phases from New Moon to the next New Moon takes
about 29 days or about 1 month.
The moon pulls on the Earth which makes the water level of the ocean rise and fall.
This rise and fall is call tide.
There are two high tides and two low tides within a 24 hour period. There are about 6
hours between a high tide and a low tide. High tide is when the water level is the
highest.
Shadows:
 In the morning when the sun is rising and low in the sky, shadows are long.
 Around noon when the sun is high in the sky, shadows are very short or there may not
be a shadow at all
 In the evening when it is dusk, the sun is again low in the sky and shadows become
longer once again
 As Earth rotates, the sun gets higher in the sky.
*** You should be able to look at an illustration and determine a time of day.
Telescopes:
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Telescopes are tool that help in the study of objects in outer space.
They gather more light than the eye, so objects seem brighter and closer.
**** Review Unit Tests ****