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Ecology Objective Sheet AP Environmental Science Chapters 4 and 8 Name ____________________________ Date ____________ Period ___________ SKIP THREE LINES BETWEEN EACH ANSWER! Add new insights in a different colored pen – brain research says so! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Define “trophic levels”. Distinguish between producers and consumers. List and distinguish four types of consumers. Distinguish among scavengers, detritus feeders, and decomposers. Distinguish between photosynthesizers and chemosynthesizers, aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Be able to draw and understand a food web. What is the difference between abiotic and biotic factors? List three important physical factors and three important chemical factors that have large effects on ecosystems. Define and give examples of biotic relationships (intraspecific and interspecific competition, predation, mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism). Distinguish among the following roles played by species and give one example of each: native species, nonnative species, indicator species and keystone species. Be able to explain the terms exotic species and endemic species. Write the formulas for respiration and photosynthesis. You will need to memorize these. Describe the concept of range of tolerance (also called “law of tolerance”). Compare limiting factors in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. How is net primary productivity calculated? Which ecosystems show the highest average net primary productivity? Explain how an energy pyramid represents the flow of energy in a food chain without breaking the law of conservation of energy. Explain how there may be exceptions to pyramids of number and biomass but not energy. 9. Describe the ecological role of fire in forest and prairie ecosystems. 10. Contrast surface fires and crown fires in forests. 11. How and why was fire suppression promoted in the US? What major fire event helped to change this policy? 12. How are prescribed burns used by forest and prairie managers? 13. How are wildfires different today from those of 50 years ago? 14. Describe the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. How does this relate to fires in prairies and forests? 15. What is the difference between a habitat and a niche? What is the difference between an organism’s fundamental niche and its realized niche? How does resource partitioning relate to the establishment of niches? 16. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? Give examples of each. List the categories of successional species and give one example of each. List three patterns that affect how succession occurs. 17. Define ecosystem services. Given an ecosystem, be able to identify and describe at least 10 ecosystem services provided by that ecosystem which are critical to life on earth. 18. Describe the four biogeochemical cycles: water, carbon/oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus. For each, know the pathways of the molecules and why organisms need each of these materials. (you may attach the cycle handouts for this obj!) Monday Tuesday Wed/Thurs Sept 18/19 Population Test Turn in all Population objectives I=PAT HW – complete prelab using Sept 23 Sept 24 Stamp Obj #1-6 Check seed germination/ set standard Notes- Ecology basics Check seed germination Notes – energy pyramids HW – study for quiz Obj #1-6 Sept 30 Stamp Obj #15 Quiz Obj #7&8 HW – Complete worksheet – “eating at a lower trophic level” Oct 1 AM tutorial – lab report help! Notes – Succession HW – Work on lab report HW – finishing touches on lab report! Set alarm to remind yourself to bring closed toe shoes to next class! Oct 7 Oct 8 Stamp obj #16/17 Pds 4/6: FIELD Notes: the TRIP TO nitrogen cycle ARMAND BAYOU!!!!! HW – prepare for Pd 5: Quiz – obj next class; field #18; Aldo journal entry #2 Leopold due Monday reading 10/14 HW – prepare for next class; field journal entry #2 due Monday 10/14 Oct 14 ECOLOGY TEST – all objectives due Journal entry #2 due Sept 25/26 Early Release Wed: pds 2,4,6 Thursday no late start, pds 1,3,5,7 Turn in “Eating at a lower trophic level” Last seed check and lab clean up Analyze lab results, write rough draft of conclusion Notes – fire ecology HW – Obj #7-14; Work on lab report – Major grade! Friday Sept 20 Set up salinity lab Notes – Range of tolerance HW: Read p7181 and 177-182; answer Obj #1-6 Ecology objectives Sept 26 Stamp obj #7-14 Video analysis: Wolves in Yellowstone HW – obj #15 use text pags 180-185; work on lab report; review for quiz Obj #7&8 Oct 2/3 LAB DUE- MAJOR GRADE! (-20% for late work; lab will count in second six weeks) Oct 4 Notes – Biogeochemical cycles Outside to Wolf Prairie! Notes – Ecosystem services HW – Obj #16 and 17 HW – take a break! End of 1st six weeks Oct 9 Pd 5: FIELD TRIP TO ARMAND BAYOU!!!! HW – journal entry #2 PSAT day Oct 10 Oct 11 Pds 4/6: Quiz- Obj #18 Debrief Armand bayou trip Review HW – journal entry #2 HW – field journal entry#2 due Monday 10/14