Prejudice - jan.ucc.nau.edu
... An illusory correlation is the tendency to see relationships, or correlations, between events that are actually unrelated. Illusory correlations are most likely to occur when the events or people are distinctive or conspicuous; minority group members are so by definition. ...
... An illusory correlation is the tendency to see relationships, or correlations, between events that are actually unrelated. Illusory correlations are most likely to occur when the events or people are distinctive or conspicuous; minority group members are so by definition. ...
AUTHORS` RESPONSE The Darker and Brighter Sides of Human
... haviors are not inevitable? On the contrary. SDT focuses on the ways in which the social world, including its economic and political arrangements, cultural values, and interpersonal dynamics inevitably, but to varying degrees, obstructs or fails to afford opportunities for fulfillment of the basic p ...
... haviors are not inevitable? On the contrary. SDT focuses on the ways in which the social world, including its economic and political arrangements, cultural values, and interpersonal dynamics inevitably, but to varying degrees, obstructs or fails to afford opportunities for fulfillment of the basic p ...
The Malleability of Automatic - Homepages | The University of
... many experiments that have directly tested the assumption that automatic stereotypes and prejudice are inflexible and impossible to control. In contrast to that assumption, the evidence shows that automatic processes can be influenced by the perceiver's motives and goals, and aspects of the situatio ...
... many experiments that have directly tested the assumption that automatic stereotypes and prejudice are inflexible and impossible to control. In contrast to that assumption, the evidence shows that automatic processes can be influenced by the perceiver's motives and goals, and aspects of the situatio ...
Word - Review of Disability Studies
... communities, which still exist and function worldwide, are mechanical solidarities whereby the power of the state and/or religion are paramount and function best with the stringent allocation and conditional interplay of roles. There is a tendency to denounce, or even eradicate, individual autonomy. ...
... communities, which still exist and function worldwide, are mechanical solidarities whereby the power of the state and/or religion are paramount and function best with the stringent allocation and conditional interplay of roles. There is a tendency to denounce, or even eradicate, individual autonomy. ...
Solidarity: A Motivational Conception - Mariam Thalos`s
... the difference, on the non-selfish side, between (on the one hand) acting as a member of a collective and (on the other hand) acting in the interests of another entity, as an entity separate from and nonoverlapping with it. The latter will always qualify as altruistic, but the former may or may not ...
... the difference, on the non-selfish side, between (on the one hand) acting as a member of a collective and (on the other hand) acting in the interests of another entity, as an entity separate from and nonoverlapping with it. The latter will always qualify as altruistic, but the former may or may not ...
Processes of social influence through attitude change.
... tial and produce more attitude change than sources of low credibility. A person's credibility or authority (see Cialdini, 2001) stems from his or her reputa tion for having extensive knowledge, expertise, or honesty, and much research has been devoted to these individual source factors in persuasio ...
... tial and produce more attitude change than sources of low credibility. A person's credibility or authority (see Cialdini, 2001) stems from his or her reputa tion for having extensive knowledge, expertise, or honesty, and much research has been devoted to these individual source factors in persuasio ...
WilliamsCaseGovanFINAL2002 - Sydney Symposium of Social
... holding an implicit attitude of resentment and derogation for the same minority group. Depending upon which attitude was activated, the consequent expression would either look like egalitarianism or prejudice. Implicit measures, they argue, activate implicit attitudes; explicit measures activate exp ...
... holding an implicit attitude of resentment and derogation for the same minority group. Depending upon which attitude was activated, the consequent expression would either look like egalitarianism or prejudice. Implicit measures, they argue, activate implicit attitudes; explicit measures activate exp ...
Do People`s Self
... organizing reality and guiding behavior, people are invested in preserving them. To this end, people seek evaluations that confirm their self-views— even if the selfviews (and evaluations that confirm them) happen to be negative (cf. Jones, 1973). Consistent with self-verification theory, Pelham (19 ...
... organizing reality and guiding behavior, people are invested in preserving them. To this end, people seek evaluations that confirm their self-views— even if the selfviews (and evaluations that confirm them) happen to be negative (cf. Jones, 1973). Consistent with self-verification theory, Pelham (19 ...
The economic analysis of social norms: A reappraisal of Hayek`s
... This reasoning, which constitutes the essence of the Hayekian analysis of the difference between individual rules of conduct and social rules, suggests that the Hayekian conception of evolution is based on a subjective approach more than on an individualist vision. More specifically, Hayek’s propose ...
... This reasoning, which constitutes the essence of the Hayekian analysis of the difference between individual rules of conduct and social rules, suggests that the Hayekian conception of evolution is based on a subjective approach more than on an individualist vision. More specifically, Hayek’s propose ...
- ePrints Soton
... perceived social support (MSPSS). The results of this study are presented in Figure 1 (top panel). Zero-order correlations revealed that (1) loneliness was negatively associated with perceived social support, (2) loneliness was positively associated with nostalgia, and (c) nostalgia was positively a ...
... perceived social support (MSPSS). The results of this study are presented in Figure 1 (top panel). Zero-order correlations revealed that (1) loneliness was negatively associated with perceived social support, (2) loneliness was positively associated with nostalgia, and (c) nostalgia was positively a ...
identity - Institute for Research on World
... of specific groups in society (for example, a church, book club, or softball group identity), and as persons having specific characteristics that make them unique from others (for example, an athletic or artistic person identity). Thus, people have many identities (James, 1890), and they are of diff ...
... of specific groups in society (for example, a church, book club, or softball group identity), and as persons having specific characteristics that make them unique from others (for example, an athletic or artistic person identity). Thus, people have many identities (James, 1890), and they are of diff ...
Berk DEV
... formidable factor in creating deviance, but move the analysis further by arguing that the form that the deviance takes will be shaped by access to illegitimate opportunities in the situation. Thus the social structure not only creates pressures toward deviance, but also channels those pressures into ...
... formidable factor in creating deviance, but move the analysis further by arguing that the form that the deviance takes will be shaped by access to illegitimate opportunities in the situation. Thus the social structure not only creates pressures toward deviance, but also channels those pressures into ...
The Social Psychology of Stigma - WesFiles
... Major & Eccleston 2004). Although both powerful and powerless groups may stereotype and negatively evaluate the other, because the former control access to resources, their beliefs are likely to prevail (Fiske 1993, Link & Phelan 2001). Furthermore, members of high-status and low-status groups enter ...
... Major & Eccleston 2004). Although both powerful and powerless groups may stereotype and negatively evaluate the other, because the former control access to resources, their beliefs are likely to prevail (Fiske 1993, Link & Phelan 2001). Furthermore, members of high-status and low-status groups enter ...
What Is Cognitive Consistency and Why Does It Matter?
... of their self-relevance. From this perspective, selfrelevance may moderate the level of negative affective that is elicited by cognitive inconsistency. Yet, this moderating role pertains to the effect of cognitive inconsistency on the elicitation of aversive feelings, and therefore does not eliminat ...
... of their self-relevance. From this perspective, selfrelevance may moderate the level of negative affective that is elicited by cognitive inconsistency. Yet, this moderating role pertains to the effect of cognitive inconsistency on the elicitation of aversive feelings, and therefore does not eliminat ...
Tilburg University Shared identity and shared utility. On solidarity
... each member's personal interests and those of the family as a whole. Furthermore, according to Weber communal solidarity should not necessarily be associated with harmony and voluntariness. On the contrary, conflict and coercion in communal relations, even in the most intimate ones, is not uncommon. ...
... each member's personal interests and those of the family as a whole. Furthermore, according to Weber communal solidarity should not necessarily be associated with harmony and voluntariness. On the contrary, conflict and coercion in communal relations, even in the most intimate ones, is not uncommon. ...
Selective Moral Disengagement in the Exercise of Moral Agency
... consideration. Secondly, utilitarian analyses af rm that one’s injurious actions will prevent more human suffering than they cause. The utilitarian calculus is quite slippery in speci c applications, however. The future contains many uncertainties and human judgement is subject to a lot of biases. ...
... consideration. Secondly, utilitarian analyses af rm that one’s injurious actions will prevent more human suffering than they cause. The utilitarian calculus is quite slippery in speci c applications, however. The future contains many uncertainties and human judgement is subject to a lot of biases. ...
Nathan Benn/CORBIS - Book Companion Site
... Two Costs of Stereotypes: Oversimplification and Negativity ...
... Two Costs of Stereotypes: Oversimplification and Negativity ...
Microsoft Word - TIF_Ch01_ARS8
... Not all social influence is direct or deliberate. Which of the following is the best example of more indirect or subtle social influence? a. An advertising campaign is launched to promote a new soft drink. b. A senatorial candidate delivers a speech to convince voters that she is not really liberal. ...
... Not all social influence is direct or deliberate. Which of the following is the best example of more indirect or subtle social influence? a. An advertising campaign is launched to promote a new soft drink. b. A senatorial candidate delivers a speech to convince voters that she is not really liberal. ...
Symbolic Interactionism and Criminology
... documenting individual and group action as it relates to society (Blumer, 1937). I will discuss the meaning attributed to the concepts postulated by Blumer, the body of ideas they spawned, and how this meaning has changed since its inception. Blumer’s three core theoretical principles can be summ ...
... documenting individual and group action as it relates to society (Blumer, 1937). I will discuss the meaning attributed to the concepts postulated by Blumer, the body of ideas they spawned, and how this meaning has changed since its inception. Blumer’s three core theoretical principles can be summ ...
Due to the belief in common descent that is a unique
... group, often studied within sociology, history, ethnology, political science, philology, etc. but on the other hand, it is a characteristic of people belonging to that group, that is an object of psychological research. Although these two levels interact with and influence each other, there are clea ...
... group, often studied within sociology, history, ethnology, political science, philology, etc. but on the other hand, it is a characteristic of people belonging to that group, that is an object of psychological research. Although these two levels interact with and influence each other, there are clea ...
Prejudice in Discourse - Website of Teun A. van Dijk
... Fourth, ethnic attitudes in general, and stereotypes and prejudice in particular, also require more focused theorizing. Our perspective in this case resembles that of recent research often summarized under the label of `social cognition' (Forgas 1981). That is, we view prejudice as a form or as a re ...
... Fourth, ethnic attitudes in general, and stereotypes and prejudice in particular, also require more focused theorizing. Our perspective in this case resembles that of recent research often summarized under the label of `social cognition' (Forgas 1981). That is, we view prejudice as a form or as a re ...
Selfies: Witnessing and Participatory Journalism with a Point of View
... legitimacy through the use of faces or bodies as criteria “of truth and truthfulness” (p. 717). Similar to the process of witnessing, selfies first “see” or capture a moment of an event and then “say” something about it when the image is shared with others. In this respect, selfies are analogous to ...
... legitimacy through the use of faces or bodies as criteria “of truth and truthfulness” (p. 717). Similar to the process of witnessing, selfies first “see” or capture a moment of an event and then “say” something about it when the image is shared with others. In this respect, selfies are analogous to ...
To be or not to be, that is the question
... self-regulation that reflects high levels of self-determination (i.e., intrinsic or identified regulation). In contrast, self-regulation based on meeting other people's (external regulation) or one’s own (introjected regulation) expectations or demands promotes inauthentic functioning (see Sheldon & ...
... self-regulation that reflects high levels of self-determination (i.e., intrinsic or identified regulation). In contrast, self-regulation based on meeting other people's (external regulation) or one’s own (introjected regulation) expectations or demands promotes inauthentic functioning (see Sheldon & ...
sample - Test Bank Corp
... 31. What distinguishes social psychology from other specialties in psychology is its a. use of the scientific method in research design. b. emphasis on correlational research design. c. attention to the influence of situational context on behavior. d. willingness to consider cross-cultural differenc ...
... 31. What distinguishes social psychology from other specialties in psychology is its a. use of the scientific method in research design. b. emphasis on correlational research design. c. attention to the influence of situational context on behavior. d. willingness to consider cross-cultural differenc ...
The Elaboration Likelihood and Metacognitive Models of Attitudes
... peripheral route mechanisms of persuasion, whereas the assortment of processes oper ating along the high end of the continuum are collectively referred to as central route mechanisms of persuasion. Whether attitude change occurs as the result of relatively high or low amounts of thought matters for ...
... peripheral route mechanisms of persuasion, whereas the assortment of processes oper ating along the high end of the continuum are collectively referred to as central route mechanisms of persuasion. Whether attitude change occurs as the result of relatively high or low amounts of thought matters for ...
Self-categorization theory
Self-categorization theory is a social psychological theory that describes the circumstances under which a person will perceive collections of people (including themselves) as a group, as well as the consequences of perceiving people in group terms. Although the theory is often introduced as an explanation of psychological group formation (which was one of its early goals), it is more accurately thought of as general analysis of the functioning of categorization processes in social perception and interaction that speaks to issues of individual identity as much as group phenomena.The theory was developed by John Turner and colleagues, and along with social identity theory it is a constituent part of the social identity approach. It was in part developed to address questions that arose in response to social identity theory about the mechanistic underpinnings of social identification. For example, what makes people define themselves in terms of one group membership rather than another? Self-categorization theory has been influential in the academic field of social psychology and beyond. It was first applied to the topics of social influence, group cohesion, group polarization, and collective action. In subsequent years the theory, often as part of the social identity approach, has been applied to further topics such as leadership, personality, outgroup homogeneity, and power. One tenet of the theory is that the self should not be considered as a foundational aspect of cognition, but rather the self should be seen as a product of the cognitive system at work. Or in other words, the self is an outcome of cognitive processes rather than a ""thing"" at the heart of cognition.