lecture 5 - cda college
... life, some employees have learned to perceive the world around them in the same way. ...
... life, some employees have learned to perceive the world around them in the same way. ...
“Outline and evaluate the usefulness of subcultural approaches to
... Feminists such as Anne Oakley would criticize this theory highly as it does not take into account female deviance; instead it only explains male deviance. Cohen has also been criticized for placing too much emphasis on the education system and not taking into consideration other institutions such a ...
... Feminists such as Anne Oakley would criticize this theory highly as it does not take into account female deviance; instead it only explains male deviance. Cohen has also been criticized for placing too much emphasis on the education system and not taking into consideration other institutions such a ...
Focuses in Social Psychology
... Ingroup: People with whom one shares a common identity. Outgroup: Those perceived as different from one’s ingroup. In-Group Bias: If we believe that someone else is in a group to which we belong, we will have positive views of them and give them preferential treatment. Scotland’s famed “Tartan Army” ...
... Ingroup: People with whom one shares a common identity. Outgroup: Those perceived as different from one’s ingroup. In-Group Bias: If we believe that someone else is in a group to which we belong, we will have positive views of them and give them preferential treatment. Scotland’s famed “Tartan Army” ...
Tendencies to Distort Self and Social Reality - Psychology-at-Work
... 26. Ingroup bias (ingroup-outgroup bias) – tendency to favor one’s own group—those who share a sense of belonging and a common identity. Results from automatic tendency to categorize and classify ourselves and others into various groups. Group form of self-serving bias. 27. Ethnocentrism – belief th ...
... 26. Ingroup bias (ingroup-outgroup bias) – tendency to favor one’s own group—those who share a sense of belonging and a common identity. Results from automatic tendency to categorize and classify ourselves and others into various groups. Group form of self-serving bias. 27. Ethnocentrism – belief th ...
The Social Factor - The Student Room
... ○ Can cause problems (divisions or different views) ○ Can also strengthen bonds between people ...
... ○ Can cause problems (divisions or different views) ○ Can also strengthen bonds between people ...
How Do We Form Our Impressions of Others?
... The mere presence of other people leads to increased arousal, which in turn favors the dominant response. If this is the correct response, performance is enhanced, but if it is the incorrect response, ...
... The mere presence of other people leads to increased arousal, which in turn favors the dominant response. If this is the correct response, performance is enhanced, but if it is the incorrect response, ...
Editorial, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Attitudes
... From its inception in the early 20th century, the field has examined how the social world shapes psychological processes. I would argue that the idea that the mind is exquisitely tuned to our social contexts is an insight we should be proud of. It is also the one that is relevant not only to those o ...
... From its inception in the early 20th century, the field has examined how the social world shapes psychological processes. I would argue that the idea that the mind is exquisitely tuned to our social contexts is an insight we should be proud of. It is also the one that is relevant not only to those o ...
Understanding the role of social groups in
... Reynolds, & Turner, 1999; Hogg et al., 2007). The constant criticism of specific behaviours can instil habitual patterns of decision making and the repeated disapproval of behaviours deviating from group standards further strengthens behavioural controls, as well as reaffirms cultural norms (Erikson ...
... Reynolds, & Turner, 1999; Hogg et al., 2007). The constant criticism of specific behaviours can instil habitual patterns of decision making and the repeated disapproval of behaviours deviating from group standards further strengthens behavioural controls, as well as reaffirms cultural norms (Erikson ...
1 A. Introducing Social Psychology Introduction Some classical
... Attitudes predict behavior, but in studies that do not contain an accurate measuring of these components, this relationship can be hidden. Ajzen and Fishbein (1977) concluded in their review that in order to find a clear relationship, both components have to be researched with reliable and compati ...
... Attitudes predict behavior, but in studies that do not contain an accurate measuring of these components, this relationship can be hidden. Ajzen and Fishbein (1977) concluded in their review that in order to find a clear relationship, both components have to be researched with reliable and compati ...
C3_Notes_SV
... – Give prompt feedback to explain why statement is incorrect – For planning fallacy, ask one to “unpack a task” – break it down into estimated time requirements for each part – Get people to think of one good reason why their judgments might be wrong ...
... – Give prompt feedback to explain why statement is incorrect – For planning fallacy, ask one to “unpack a task” – break it down into estimated time requirements for each part – Get people to think of one good reason why their judgments might be wrong ...
File - Introduction to Sociology
... understanding of society by drawing on all major perspectives, noting where they overlap or diverge. Researcher’s work always guided by his or her theoretical viewpoint. ...
... understanding of society by drawing on all major perspectives, noting where they overlap or diverge. Researcher’s work always guided by his or her theoretical viewpoint. ...
Chapter to Appear in - NYU Psychology
... Social categorization plays a critical role in early social cognition, influencing memory (Shutts & Kinzler, 2007), social inferences (Diesendruck & haLevi, 2006), preferences (Kinzler, Dupoux, & Spelke, 2007), and behavior (Rhodes & Brickman, 2008). The early emergence of these category-effects is ...
... Social categorization plays a critical role in early social cognition, influencing memory (Shutts & Kinzler, 2007), social inferences (Diesendruck & haLevi, 2006), preferences (Kinzler, Dupoux, & Spelke, 2007), and behavior (Rhodes & Brickman, 2008). The early emergence of these category-effects is ...
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY f14
... • Aggression: any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy • Biological explanations: Men tend to engage in more violent acts than women. There is a genetic marker on the Y chromosome that partially accounts for this. Increased activity of the amygdala influences aggressive acts, and ...
... • Aggression: any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy • Biological explanations: Men tend to engage in more violent acts than women. There is a genetic marker on the Y chromosome that partially accounts for this. Increased activity of the amygdala influences aggressive acts, and ...
PsychScich12
... • Stereotypes: cognitive schemas that help us organize information about people on the basis of their membership in certain groups – Allow for easy, fast processing of social information – Occur automatically, largely outside of our awareness – Affect impression formation ...
... • Stereotypes: cognitive schemas that help us organize information about people on the basis of their membership in certain groups – Allow for easy, fast processing of social information – Occur automatically, largely outside of our awareness – Affect impression formation ...
influence - Hazlet.org
... One is made to feel incompetent or insecure. The group has at least three people. The group is unanimous. One admires the group’s status and attractiveness. One has no prior commitment or response. The group observes one’s behavior. One’s culture strongly encourages respect for a social standard. ...
... One is made to feel incompetent or insecure. The group has at least three people. The group is unanimous. One admires the group’s status and attractiveness. One has no prior commitment or response. The group observes one’s behavior. One’s culture strongly encourages respect for a social standard. ...
7.CB-Self Theory
... People often conform to their culture’s expectations about how those of their gender should act. Every society creates a set of expectations regarding the behaviours appropriate for men and women and communicates these. ...
... People often conform to their culture’s expectations about how those of their gender should act. Every society creates a set of expectations regarding the behaviours appropriate for men and women and communicates these. ...
Giles, H., Powesland, PF, 1975, Speech style and social evaluation
... Howard Giles, professor of communication, at the University of California, Santa Barbara. CAT explains some of the cognitive reasons for code-switching and other changes in speech as individuals seek to emphasize or minimize the social differences between themselves and their interlocutors. Original ...
... Howard Giles, professor of communication, at the University of California, Santa Barbara. CAT explains some of the cognitive reasons for code-switching and other changes in speech as individuals seek to emphasize or minimize the social differences between themselves and their interlocutors. Original ...
Understanding and Applying Sociological Theories
... Marxism, named after Karl Marx, emphasizes the conflict that occurs in society between classes. He was writing during the Industrial Revolution, and he pointed out that there were two distinct classes in society: the bourgeoisie (the owners of the means of production) and the proletariats (the worke ...
... Marxism, named after Karl Marx, emphasizes the conflict that occurs in society between classes. He was writing during the Industrial Revolution, and he pointed out that there were two distinct classes in society: the bourgeoisie (the owners of the means of production) and the proletariats (the worke ...
Social Psychology
... • In this experiment, Rosenthal predicted that, when given the information that certain students had higher IQ’s than others, teachers may unconsciously behave in ways that facilitate and encourage the students' success. ...
... • In this experiment, Rosenthal predicted that, when given the information that certain students had higher IQ’s than others, teachers may unconsciously behave in ways that facilitate and encourage the students' success. ...
Unit 14 Social psychology
... A classic example of a hindsight bias occurs when someone claims that his or her prediction about an event was more significant that it really was. For example, someone might generally observe that it looks like rain in the future, given his or her general knowledge of local weather patterns. If it ...
... A classic example of a hindsight bias occurs when someone claims that his or her prediction about an event was more significant that it really was. For example, someone might generally observe that it looks like rain in the future, given his or her general knowledge of local weather patterns. If it ...
CHAPTER 2
... • Early research seemed to suggest that facial expressions are universal. Ekman & Friesen(1975) • The results of more recent studies (Russell, 1994, Carroll & Russell 1996) indicate that while facial expression may indeed reveal much about others emotions, our judgments in this respect are also affe ...
... • Early research seemed to suggest that facial expressions are universal. Ekman & Friesen(1975) • The results of more recent studies (Russell, 1994, Carroll & Russell 1996) indicate that while facial expression may indeed reveal much about others emotions, our judgments in this respect are also affe ...
Lecture 5 - Brian Paciotti
... lead to Conflict? • Perceiving members of a different group unfavorably (negative attitude) and/or holding certain beliefs about that group (stereotypes) can lead directly to conflict. • For example, these internal “beliefs” can make a person think that the difference between themselves and the othe ...
... lead to Conflict? • Perceiving members of a different group unfavorably (negative attitude) and/or holding certain beliefs about that group (stereotypes) can lead directly to conflict. • For example, these internal “beliefs” can make a person think that the difference between themselves and the othe ...
Prejudice and extremism - Zeitschrift für Internationale
... most minimal conditions when individuals have knowledge of being a member of an arbitrary category, only.11 For instance, participants of a study were categorized according to their putative preferences for abstract paintings by Klee or Kandinsky. Then, each individual was seated in a cubicle and as ...
... most minimal conditions when individuals have knowledge of being a member of an arbitrary category, only.11 For instance, participants of a study were categorized according to their putative preferences for abstract paintings by Klee or Kandinsky. Then, each individual was seated in a cubicle and as ...
Self-categorization theory
Self-categorization theory is a social psychological theory that describes the circumstances under which a person will perceive collections of people (including themselves) as a group, as well as the consequences of perceiving people in group terms. Although the theory is often introduced as an explanation of psychological group formation (which was one of its early goals), it is more accurately thought of as general analysis of the functioning of categorization processes in social perception and interaction that speaks to issues of individual identity as much as group phenomena.The theory was developed by John Turner and colleagues, and along with social identity theory it is a constituent part of the social identity approach. It was in part developed to address questions that arose in response to social identity theory about the mechanistic underpinnings of social identification. For example, what makes people define themselves in terms of one group membership rather than another? Self-categorization theory has been influential in the academic field of social psychology and beyond. It was first applied to the topics of social influence, group cohesion, group polarization, and collective action. In subsequent years the theory, often as part of the social identity approach, has been applied to further topics such as leadership, personality, outgroup homogeneity, and power. One tenet of the theory is that the self should not be considered as a foundational aspect of cognition, but rather the self should be seen as a product of the cognitive system at work. Or in other words, the self is an outcome of cognitive processes rather than a ""thing"" at the heart of cognition.