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Chap 01 lecture notes
Chap 01 lecture notes

... dominant religion • Gender groups - such as women who are set apart on the basis of sex • Other subordinate groups - are those that are set apart on the basis of age, disability or sexual orientation ...
Social Psychology 11 Jan 13
Social Psychology 11 Jan 13

... change is because it is very difficult to quit smoking, and it is much easier to simply change your beliefs about smoking. Another reason for this change is due to an effect called cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance occurs when there is an imbalance between attitudes or behaviors. Dissonance ...
Step Up To: Psychology
Step Up To: Psychology

... • C) The teacher was male and the learner was female. • D) The teacher was clearly much younger than the learner. ...
Social Psychology
Social Psychology

...  Group polarization: the tendency for members involved in a group discussion to take somewhat more ________________ and suggest ______ actions when compared to individuals who have ________________ in a group discussions  Due to 2 characteristics:  Social comparison– the need for individuals to a ...
individual behavior
individual behavior

... All administered some shock. 2/3 administered ‘life-threatening’ shock. ...
Chapter 13 expanded slides
Chapter 13 expanded slides

... or no experience with the group. ...
Prejudice and Discrimination
Prejudice and Discrimination

... 4. Social Categorization –prejudice stems from simply creating different groups….see our own groups as more positive whether it’s based on race, religion, sex, age, or occupation.. ------outgroup homogeneity---perceiving members of other groups (outgroups) as being more similar to each relative to h ...
Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior
Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior

... income, wealth, education and value orientation, rather than by any single variable  Individuals can move from one social class to another, up or down during their lifetime  Social classes show distinct product and brand preferences in many areas. 2. Social Factors a. Reference Groups Consist of a ...
Tendencies to Distort Self and Social Reality - Psychology-at-Work
Tendencies to Distort Self and Social Reality - Psychology-at-Work

... Attitudes and Group Perceptions 23. Prejudice – negative prejudgement of a group and its individual members. Often based on negative stereotypes. Examples are racial and gender prejudice. Greatest prejudice typically is in most intimate social realms, e.g., marriage. 24. Stereotype – belief about th ...
Chapter 3 – A Critical Approach to Popular Culture
Chapter 3 – A Critical Approach to Popular Culture

... What we acquire and own is tightly bound to our personal identity. Competitive acquisition has long been an American institution. Comparisons we make are no longer restricted to those in our own general earnings category, today we are more likely to be making comparisons with or choose as our “refe ...
Lecture 9 Teams
Lecture 9 Teams

... Groups can place strong pressures on individual members to change their attitudes and behaviours to conform to the group’s standard. Individuals conform to the important groups to which they belong or hope to belong (especially the reference group). All groups do not impose equal conformity pressure ...
Sociology The study of people in Groups through the actions of
Sociology The study of people in Groups through the actions of

... Cross-Cultural Comparison Archival Research ...
Networks
Networks

... together for mutual protection This principle leads to a system of strong, self-policing tribal groups that defend themselves by threatening to retaliate indiscriminately against the individual members of any aggressor group. It provides an incentive for groups to police their own members so as not ...
Social Psychology: Attitudes, Group Influences, Social Relations
Social Psychology: Attitudes, Group Influences, Social Relations

... Ingroup: “Us”---people who one shares a common identity.  Outgroup: “Them”---those perceived as different or apart of one’s ingroup.  Ingroup bias: the tendency to favor one’s own group.  Scapegoat theory: the theory that prejudice an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame ...
Social Psychology: Attitudes, Group Influences, Social Relations
Social Psychology: Attitudes, Group Influences, Social Relations

... Ingroup: “Us”---people who one shares a common identity.  Outgroup: “Them”---those perceived as different or apart of one’s ingroup.  Ingroup bias: the tendency to favor one’s own group.  Scapegoat theory: the theory that prejudice an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame ...
here - Positive Realities
here - Positive Realities

... workshop is all about exploring individual and group identity. Firstly we explore what identity is, using statement cards to explore attitudes of the young people. This is then extended to form groups based upon these attitudes, with the activity used to explore how people join groups in society, an ...
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY f14
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY f14

... • Central route persuasion: offers evidence aimed to trigger favorable thoughts. It’s route is through thoughtful and direct messages. • Peripheral route to persuasion: doesn’t engage systematic thinking but is very effective in manipulating our emotions leading to snap judgements by utilizing attra ...
Social Psychology - Napa Valley College
Social Psychology - Napa Valley College

... Prejudice and Self-Esteem • Goldberg (1968) women in this culture had learned to consider themselves intellectually inferior to men. • In his experiment, Goldberg asked female college students to read scholarly articles and to evaluate them in terms of their competence and writing style. • For some ...
Vital Signs: Bi-racial Students in Higher Education
Vital Signs: Bi-racial Students in Higher Education

... Often identify or over identify with one parent and one racial group while developing ambivalence toward the other parent. May feel embarrassed by this other parent's race.  May have feelings of guilt or embarrassment about family and self-racial differentness.  May have difficulty finding others ...
Introduction
Introduction

... The specific propositions are derived from the more general propositions, and they must be testable. The specific propositions are derived from the more general propositions, and they must be testable. ...
Who is blameworthy? Social identity and inter
Who is blameworthy? Social identity and inter

... bullies and victims have been identified (Juvonen and Graham, 2001; Olweus, 1993; Smith et al., 1999). Yet, some authors maintain that the pervasiveness of bullying might be partly explained by group mechanisms, such as social contagion, weakening of control or inhibition of aggressive tendencies, d ...
Chapter 4 Social Structure
Chapter 4 Social Structure

... Social Institution – System of statuses, roles, values, and norms that that is organized to satisfy one or more of the basic needs of society. Exchange – Individuals, groups, or social interactions undertaken in an effort to receive a reward in return for actions. Reciprocity – Idea that if you do s ...
SocialPsychology
SocialPsychology

... just, i.e., people get what they deserve and deserve what they get ...
Self-Serving Biases
Self-Serving Biases

... Self-esteem (S.E.)– your overall sense of self worth – I feel that I am a person of worth. – I feel that I have a number of good qualities Self-esteem Motivation – try to protect our self-esteem Darkside of Self-esteem - extreme low or high S.E. can have negative consequences Secure S.E. – self wort ...
Social thinking: involves thinking about others, especially when they
Social thinking: involves thinking about others, especially when they

... Saliency bias: situational factors are less salient (noticeable) than dispositional factors. As a result, people focus on personality traits rather than the less social context. Ex. Lindsey Lohan is a loser, a drunk. People don’t look at the lack of family structure and positive role models she’s ha ...
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In-group favoritism

In-group favoritism, sometimes known as in-group–out-group bias, in-group bias, or intergroup bias, refers to a pattern of favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members. This can be expressed in evaluation of others, in allocation of resources, and in many other ways.This interaction has been researched by many psychologists and linked to many theories related to group conflict and prejudice. The phenomenon is primarily viewed from a social psychology standpoint. Two prominent theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of in-group favoritism are realistic conflict theory and social identity theory. Realistic conflict theory proposes that intergroup competition, and sometimes intergroup conflict, arises when two groups have opposing claims to scarce resources. In contrast, social identity theory posits a psychological drive for positively distinct social identities as the general root cause of in-group favoring behavior.
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