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The Neuroscience of Memory - Albert Einstein College of
The Neuroscience of Memory - Albert Einstein College of

... Approach to Memory  Short term v. long term memory  Recall in milliseconds/seconds/minutes v. days/years  4 C’s of memory:  Connection – cellular level of memory  Cognition – memories at a psychological level. Includes behavioraism (all learning is 2/2 conditioned responses) v. congitivism (co ...
Lecture05
Lecture05

... Subjects studied and recalled 12 lists of 10 common unrelated words. Then they had to recall all lists a second time cued by the first word of each list. Narrative subjects were to make a story incorporating the words in the list. Control subjects were told just to study each of the list and were gi ...
December 3
December 3

...  Declarative memory – memory for abstract knowledge, facts and events of one’s life.  Only memory for events of one’s life is affected by amnesia – not procedural memory or memory for facts. ...
Trauma
Trauma

... Trauma is experienced at a sensory level and stored as an implicit memory. Implicit memory (sensations of trauma) must be linked with explicit memory (facts or reality of incident) in order for the victim to be able to reorder the experience in a way that is manageable. ...
Chapter 9: Learning and Memory Multiple Choice Questions (1
Chapter 9: Learning and Memory Multiple Choice Questions (1

... 1. Which is the best example of divided attention? a. scanning a crowd looking for a friend b. changing clothes in the dark c. watching the lip movements of a singer while listening to the song d. playing online poker while studying for a midterm 2. Which of the following is not a type of human memo ...
LO: Explain how biological factors may affect one cognitive process.
LO: Explain how biological factors may affect one cognitive process.

... It also explains why people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder have problems forgetting emotional memories. ...
Optical Stimulation of Engram-bearing Cells
Optical Stimulation of Engram-bearing Cells

... The memory engram theory proposes that a specific memory is encoded and stored in a defined population of neurons. In order to test this hypothesis directly, one needs to show that the activation of such a population of neurons can cause the recall of that specific memory. We constructed an activity ...
HSTMemoryLecture - Psychology
HSTMemoryLecture - Psychology

... Connections are affected by many experiences, so ‘recall’ is always subject to influence from traces of other experiences. ...
11/10/16 Memory Part 2 Reinforcement learning (12.2) • Involves a
11/10/16 Memory Part 2 Reinforcement learning (12.2) • Involves a

... Use of contextual information (schema) to store or retrieve new memories ...
Module 24 Powerpoint
Module 24 Powerpoint

... Karl Lashley (18901958) showed that rats who had learned a maze retained parts of that memory, even when various small parts of their brain were removed. ...
Pubertal Influences on Sleep
Pubertal Influences on Sleep

... strategizing, decision making and judgment. The balancing of emotions and making sound decisions based on analysis of risk is thought to occur in this area of the brain. Teens use the amygdala more than adults for processing responses. Adults rely more on the frontal cortex, which governs reason and ...
Intellectual Functions of the Brain
Intellectual Functions of the Brain

... •  Ability of prefrontal areas to select proper information among simultaneous and different kinds of information perceived by the brain; transient memory. •  Working memory enables us to: •  Foresee what’s coming... •  Planning the next movement or decision •  Buy time to process sensory informatio ...
Lecture Note
Lecture Note

... - Signal transmission in a synapse is based on the lock-key mechanism between the ligands and the receptors. - Short-term memory is stored by strengthening the chemical transmission mechanisms through secreting neurotransmitters at the synapses. ...
Learning & Memory
Learning & Memory

... - Early in training animals use a place strategy ...
memory drsidra
memory drsidra

... numbers of neurons in the memory circuits • Use it or lose it! ...
Memory
Memory

... change (e.g., shape of terminal button, number of receptors) • This causes memories to be now be stored in the long term ...
1050927abstract
1050927abstract

... intrinsic excitability of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. In addition, silent cells show long-lasting activity in respond to past experience of encountering novel objects. Such reverberating activity is reminiscent of engram cell activity that reflects storage of the memory. Using two-photon imaging ...
The Testing Effect
The Testing Effect

... experience an event or acquire a new fact, complex chemical changes occur at the junctions—synapses— that connect neurons with one another. Experiments indicate that with the passage of time, these modifications can dissipate . . . Unless strengthened by subsequent retrieval and recounting, the conn ...
Storage: Long
Storage: Long

... material a second time ...
Memory kaleidoscope: enhancing memory to improve learning
Memory kaleidoscope: enhancing memory to improve learning

... Once stimuli enters the brain through the senses, it is promptly processed by a complex network of neurons, proteins, and electrical impulses. If the information does not receive sufficient attention or if it is not deemed necessary for the long-term,it will be encoded for short-term use only and ul ...
Memory notes Explaining memory Learning required memorisation
Memory notes Explaining memory Learning required memorisation

... Kandel’s research findings indicate that any experience that results in memory produces physical changes in the brain at the neuronal level, strengthening connections between neurons involved in the process, thus making communication easier next time. These changes create and strengthen a memory cir ...
Cognitive Information Processing
Cognitive Information Processing

... is there a second hand does it say anything on the face ...
Memory and Law
Memory and Law

... •Smell: Since the olfactory bulb and olfactory cortex (where smells are processed) are physically very close to the hippocampus and amygdala (where memory is processed) smells may be more quickly and strongly associated with memories and emotions. •Andy Warhol wore different scents for different pha ...
Memory Systems
Memory Systems

... • Had anterograde amnesia • Studied by Brenda Milner • Could learn by procedural memory but had no recollection of having learned task ...
a PowerPoint Presentation of Module 24
a PowerPoint Presentation of Module 24

... of bicycles.  Retrieval and use of explicit memories, which is in part a working memory or executive function, is directed by the ...
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Socioeconomic status and memory

Memory is one of the brain’s most critical functions. It has the infinite ability to store information about events and experiences that occur constantly. Experiences shape the way in which memories are formed, therefore, major stressors on socioeconomic status can impact memory development. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a measurement of social standing based on income, education, and other factors. Socioeconomic status can differs cross-culturally, but is also commonly seen within cultures themselves. It influences all spectrums of a child’s life, including cognitive development which is in a crucial and malleable state during early stages of childhood. In Canada, most children grow up in agreeable circumstances, however an unfortunate 8.1% are raised in households that fall into the category of low socioeconomic status. These children are at risk for many disadvantages in life, including deficits in memory processing, as well as problems in language development.
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